Echo in tetralogy of fallot



Associate Editors-In-Chief:, Priyamvada Singh, MBBS

Tetralogy of Fallot
Tetralogy of fallot is a congenital heart disease comprised of four anatomic features stemming from the malalignment of the infundibular septum:
 * 1) Right ventrifular outflow obstruction (pulmonic stenosis)
 * 2) Ventricular Septal Defect
 * 3) Overriding aorta
 * 4) Right ventricular hypertrophy


 * Clinically, it is a cyanotic heart defect and generally is diagnosed in infancy or early childhood.

Echo functions in Tetralogy of Fallot

 * Characterization of defects
 * Options for surgical intervention
 * Post-operative repair function

Best evaluated by:

 * parasternal long-axis view
 * short-axis view (to evaluate size of septal defect)

Post surgical evaluation should include:

 * Evaluation of VSD repair
 * Residual shunting
 * Right ventricular size and contractility
 * Right ventricular outflow tract for residual stenosis
 * Severity of pulmonary regurgitation

Additional Resource
Yale University School of Medicine Congenital Heart Disease: Tetralogy of Fallot