Blue baby syndrome



Blue baby syndrome (or simply, blue baby) is a layman's term used to describe newborns with cyanotic conditions, such as Some pesticides(DDT, PCBs etc) ecotoxicological problems in the food chains of living organisms. It increases BOD which kills aquatic animals. This causes high nitrate contamination in ground water resulting in decreased oxygen carrying capacity of hemoglobin in babies leading to death. Methemoglobinemia also known as "blue baby syndrome"
 * Cyanotic heart defects
 * Tetralogy of Fallot
 * Dextro-Transposition of the great arteries
 * Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
 * Methemoglobinemia
 * Respiratory distress syndrome

Surgery
On November 29, 1944, the Johns Hopkins Hospital was the first to successfully perform an operation to relieve this syndrome. The syndrome was brought to the attention of surgeon Alfred Blalock and his laboratory assistant Vivien Thomas in 1943 by pediatric cardiologist Helen Taussig, who had treated hundreds of children with Tetralogy of Fallot in her work at Hopkins' Harriet Lane Home for Invalid Children. The two men adapted a surgical procedure they had earlier developed for another purpose, involving the anastomosis, or joining, of the subclavian artery to the pulmonary artery, which allowed the blood another chance to become oxygenated. The procedure became known as the Blalock-Taussig shunt, although in recent years the contribution of Vivien Thomas, both experimentally and clinically, has been widely acknowledged.