Plasmodium kentropyxi

Plasmodium achiotense is a parasite of the genus Plasmodium subgenus Sauramoeba.

Like all Plasmodium species P. achiotense has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are reptiles.

Description
The parasite was first described by Lainson et al in 2001.

Young asexual stages are initially polar in the erythrocyte but with matuation, move to a lateral position. The larger meronts may slightly enlarge the erythrocyte but most asexual stages do not. Conspicuous greenish-black pigment granules are located in a distinct vacuole.

The largest schizonts contain 30-40 nuclei.

The gametocytes are at first polar in the erythrocyte but gradually move to a lateral position. They eventually assume a smooth, curved cylindrical shape with evenly rounded ends. Pigment is scattered or concentrated around a conspicuous vacuole which is slowly developed as the gametocytes mature. The mature gametocytes occasionally enlarge the erythrocyte.

Mature male parasites measured 11.8 x 4.0 micrometres (range: 9.6 x 4.2 - 13.2 x 3.6 micrometres) and females 13.5 x 4.5 micrometres (range: 12.0 x 4.5 - 15.0 x 4.8 micrometres).

Geographical occurrence
This species is found in Brazil and Surinam, South America.

Clinical features and host pathology
The only known host is the teiid lizard Kentropyx calcarata.