Pulmonary valve stenosis echocardiogram

2D echocardiography

 * Thickened leaflets with systolic bowing in valvular stenosis.
 * Difficult to distinguish between valvular, sub valvular and supra valvular stenosis with 2D echocardiography.
 * Post stenotic pulmonary artery dilatation can be visualised sometimes.

Doppler echocardiography

 * Ante grade velocity increased with corresponding maximum and mean pressure gradients.
 * Pulmonary valve area can be calculated using the continuity equation.
 * Pulmonary Valve Area = (Cross sectional areaRVOT * VTIRVOT)/ VTIPV


 * The site of obstruction can be difficult to diagnose by 2D echo. Cautious use of colour flow mapping  and PW Doppler can pin point the location of obstruction.

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 * Pulmonic Stenosis 1

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 * Pulmonic Stenosis 2

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 * Pulmonic Stenosis 3