Posen Conference

The Posen Conference was a meeting attended by SS-Reichsführer Heinrich Himmler, Nazi Party officials and Gauleiters on October 6, 1943 in the city of Posen in Reichsgau Posen (Poznań, Poland). Himmler clearly explained in the final speech of the day the nature of the Final Solution, its implications for those present, and its long-term significance for Germany.

The conference had been called by Martin Bormann to bring together the Reichleiters and Gauleiters to discuss wartime strategy, including that of Total War. In probable agreement with Hitler, Himmler had decided to disclose in frank and brutal terms the details of the 'Final Solution' and other war crimes being committed by the SS and other agencies of the Nazi Party in Occupied Europe. This was done in order to motivate everyone present to fight harder for victory, as they would not be able to claim ignorance of war crimes and Nazi atrocities should Germany be defeated. The Allies had already announced their intention to place the leaders of the regime on trial.

Speer Controversy
This conference is the strongest evidence implicating Albert Speer with having knowledge of the Final Solution, something he had denied at the Nuremberg Trials. Speer was certainly at the conference, and addressed the attendees in a speech on armaments production in the morning. Himmler's speech came in the afternoon, and at one point, he addresses Speer directly in the context of his speech. Confronted with this accusation in 1971 by the historian Erich Goldhagen, who had discovered the text of the speech in the Federal German archives, Speer recollected that he had left the conference before Himmler's speech began. Erhard Milch and Walter Rohland both confirmed this, the latter declaring so under oath.

Nonetheless, most historians feel that even if Speer had not attended the speech, he would have been made aware of its content by his good friends that had been there, such as the Gauleiters Karl Hanke and Baldur von Schirach. Finally, in a newly discovered personal letter written in 1971, Speer admitted that he had been "present as Himmler announced on October 6 1943 that all Jews would be killed."