Protein tyrosine phosphatase

Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are a group of enzymes that remove phosphate groups from phosphorylated tyrosine residues on proteins.

Functions
Together with tyrosine kinases, PTPs regulate the phosphorylation state of many important signalling molecules, such as the MAP kinase family.

PTPs are increasingly viewed as integral components of signal transduction cascades, despite little studied and ill-understood compared to Tyrosine Kinases.

PTPs have been implicated in regulation of many cellular processes, including, but not limited to:
 * Cell growth
 * Cellular differentiation
 * Mitotic cycles
 * Oncogenic transformation

Genes

 * receptor type:, ,  PTPRC,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,
 * non-receptor type: PTPN1,,  ,  ,  ,  PTPN6,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,
 * type IVA:, ,
 * mitochondrial: