Photodermatitis

Photodermatitis, or sometimes called by the nonscientific term sun poisoning, is a reaction of the skin to UV rays of the sun, or photoallergy. It may be caused by a medication that makes the skin more sensitive, a skin product (e.g. sunscreen containing PABA, certain fragrances), autoimmune conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or a vitamin deficiency. Doctors can determine the presence of the disorder through a photo test.

Causes
Many medications cause sun sensitivity, including:
 * psoralens, coal tars, photo-active dyes (eosin, acridine orange)
 * musk ambrette, methylcoumarin, lemon oil (may be present in fragrances)
 * PABA (found in sunscreens)
 * salicylanilide (found in industrial cleaners)
 * Hexachlorophene (found in some Rx antibacterial soaps)
 * Contact with sap from Giant Hogweed. Common Rue (Ruta graveolins) is another phototoxic plant commonly found in gardens.
 * Tetracycline antibiotics
 * NSAIDs.

Symptoms
May result in swelling, a burning sensation, a red itchy rash sometimes resembling small blisters, and peeling of the skin. Nausea may also occur.

Prevention
Prevention includes avoiding exposure to the sun:


 * Stay inside during the brightest hours of the day, from noon to 3 p.m.
 * Cover up: wear long sleeves, pants, and a wide-brimmed hat whenever harsh exposure is probable. Remember that cloud cover does not provide protection from UV rays.
 * Avoid chemicals that may trigger a reaction (do not, however, stop taking medication without consulting a doctor).
 * Wear sunscreen at least factor 30 with a high UVA protection level.
 * If the symptoms are severe, see a doctor.

Foods and treatment
The following foods or treatment may also help:
 * Beta Carotene - found in carrots, not proven to be effective
 * Omega-3 fatty acids - found in fish and flax seed
 * Protein - will especially help individuals whose malnutrition may be a contributing factor.
 * Vitamin B3, C, D, and E
 * Green tea - antioxidants
 * Calendula
 * Aloe - external use