Tuftsin

Tuftsin is a tetrapeptide (Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg) produced by enzymatic cleavage of the Fc-domain of the heavy chain of immunoglobulin G. It is produced primarily in the spleen.

Function
Its biological activity is related primarily to the immune system function.

Tuftsin binds to specific receptors on the surface of macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes, stimulating their migration, phagocytic, bactericidal, and tumoricidal activity. It also influences antibody formation.

Pathology
Tuftsin deficiency, either hereditary or following splenectomy, results in increased susceptibility to certain infections.

Clinical significance
Tuftsin has been chemically synthesized and it is considered for use in immunotherapy.

History
Tuftsin was first identified in 1970 by scientists Najjar and Nishioka. It was named after Tufts University where the peptide was discovered.