Diffuse esophageal spasm

Synonyms and keywords: corkscrew esophagus, DES

Overview
Diffuse esophageal spasm is a condition in which uncoordinated contractions of the esophagus occur resulting in intense chest pain and pain with swallowing (dysphagia).

Pathosphysiology
Esophageal spasm is thought to result from motility disorders of the esophagus. These spasms do not propel food effectively to the stomach. It can cause dysphagia, regurgitation and chest pain.

Risk Factors and Provoking Factors
It's been reported that very cold or hot beverages can trigger an esophageal spasm. Of note, it has also been reported that rapid swallowing of a liquid often provides immediate relief.

Barium Swallow
The condition is sometimes referred to as corkscrew esophagus, due to a characteristic appearance of the esophagus as a corkscrew on barium swallow x-rays.

Treatment
Several drugs, including nitroglycerin and calcium channel blockers are used to treat this condition.