Dysuria (patient information)

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Editors-in-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. Associate Editor-In-Chief: Ujjwal Rastogi, MBBS [mailto:urastogi@perfuse.org]

Overview
Dysuria is the presence of pain during urination. It can also be described as any pain, discomfort, or burning sensation when passing urine.

What are the symptoms of Dysuria?
Pain may be felt right where the urine passes out of the body. Or, it may be felt inside the body, behind the public bone, or in the bladder or prostate.

Pain on urination is a fairly common problem. Peole who have pain with urination also may have the urge to urinate more often.

What causes Dysuria?
Painful urination is most often caused by Painful urination and women and girls may be due to: Other causes of painful urination include:
 * infection or inflammation somewhere in the urinary tract
 * Urethritis (in men) caused by gonorrhea or chlamydia
 * Changes in the vaginal tissue during menopause (atrophic vaginitis)
 * Herpes infection in the genital area
 * Irritation of the vaginal tissue caused by bubble bath, perfumes, or lotions
 * Vulvovaginitis, such as yeast or other infections of the vulva and vagina
 * Interstitial cystitis
 * Prostate infection (prostatitis)
 * Radiation cystitis - damage to the bladder lining from radiation therapy to the pelvis area

Who is at highest risk?

 * Having more than one sex partner.
 * Having sex with an infected partner.

When to seek urgent medical care?
Call your health care provider if:
 * There is drainage or a discharge from your penis or vagina
 * You are pregnant and are having any painful urination
 * You have painful urination that lasts for more than 1 day
 * You notice blood in your urine
 * You have a fever

Diagnosis
Your health care provider will perform a physical examination and ask questions about your symptoms and medication history, such as: The doctor might run the following test If you had a previous bladder or kidney infection, a more detailed history and physical are needed, and extra laboratory studies may be necessary. A pelvic exam and examination of vaginal fluids are necessary if a female has a vaginal discharge. Men who have discharge from the penis will need to have a urethral swab done.
 * When did the painful urination begin?
 * Does the pain occur only during urination?
 * Does the pain stop after urination?
 * Do you have back pain?
 * What other symptoms do you have?
 * Have you had a fever higher than 100 degrees F?
 * Is there drainage or discharge between urinations?
 * Is there an abnormal urine odor?
 * Are there any changes in the volume or frequency of urination?
 * Do you feel the urge to urinate?
 * Have you noticed blood in the urine?
 * Are there any rashes or itching in the genital area?
 * What medications are you taking?
 * Are you pregnant or could you be pregnant?
 * Have you had a bladder infection?
 * Do you have any allergies to any medications?
 * Have you had sexual intercourse with someone who has, or may have, gonorrhea or chlamydia?
 * Has there been a recent change in your brand of soap, detergent, or fabric softener?
 * Have you had surgery or radiation to your urinary or sexual organs?
 * Urinalysis.
 * Urine culture

Treatment options
Treatment depends on what is causing the pain.

Where to find medical care for Dysuria?
Directions to Hospitals Treating Dysuria

What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?
It depend on the cause of dysuria.

Possible complications

 * Urinary tract infection
 * Cystitis
 * Pylonephritis

Prevention
To flush out bacteria from the bladder, for that you should take the following precautions To prevent dysuria caused by irritation To help prevent dysuria caused by sexually transmitted diseases
 * Drink several glasses of water each day.
 * Women should wipe from front to back after having a bowel movement.
 * Women should urinate after sexual intercourse.
 * women
 * should keep the genital area clean and dry
 * change tampons and sanitary napkins frequently
 * avoid using irritating soaps, vaginal sprays and douches.
 * Female children
 * Should limit bubble baths.
 * Wash girls thoroughly but gently after playing in sand and be wary of extended play in wet swimsuits, all of which can lead to irritation and redness of the vulva (vulvitis).
 * Avoid sex or have a sexual relationship with one uninfected person
 * If you have more than one sex partner or if you think your partner could be infected, use latex condoms during sexual activity.