List of subjects in Gray's Anatomy: X. The Organs of the senses and the Common integument


 * peripheral gustatory or taste organs
 * gustatory calyculi (taste-buds)
 * Structure of taste bud
 * gustatory pore
 * supporting cells
 * gustatory cells


 * Structure of taste bud
 * gustatory hair
 * Nerves of Taste
 * chorda tympani
 * glossopharyngeal nerve


 * Organon Olfactorius; The Nose
 * External nose (Nasus Externus; Outer nose)
 * apex
 * base
 * nares
 * columna
 * vibrissae
 * dorsum nasi
 * bridge
 * ala nasi
 * Structure
 * bony frame-work
 * cartilaginous frame-work (cartilagines nasi)
 * cartilage of the septum (cartilago septi nasi)


 * Structure
 * sphenoidal process
 * septum mobile nasi
 * lateral cartilage (cartilago nasi lateralis; upper lateral cartilage)
 * greater alar cartilage (cartilago alaris major; lower lateral cartilage)
 * medial wall (crus mediale)
 * septum mobile nasi
 * lateral wall (crus laterale)
 * lesser alar cartilages (cartilagines alares minores; sesamoid cartilages)


 * Nasal cavity (Cavum Nasi; Nasal fossa)
 * nares
 * choanae
 * vestibule
 * olfactory region
 * respiratory region
 * Lateral wall
 * nasal conchæ
 * sphenoethmoidal recess
 * superior meatus
 * middle meatus


 * Lateral wall
 * atrium
 * bulla ethmoidalis
 * hiatus semilunaris
 * infundibulum
 * ostium maxillare
 * inferior meatus
 * Medial wall


 * Medial wall
 * nasopalatine recess
 * vomeronasal organ of Jacobson
 * vomeronasal cartilage
 * nasopalatine recess
 * Mucous membrane (membrana mucosa nasi)
 * respiratory region
 * olfactory region
 * supporting cells
 * olfactory cells
 * olfactory hair
 * glands of Bowman


 * Nasal aperture: veins of:
 * Nose: nerves of:
 * Nose: veins of:


 * Accessory sinuses of the nose (Sinus paranasales)
 * Frontal sinuses (sinus frontales)
 * Ethmoidal air cells (cellulæ ethmoidales)
 * Sphenoidal sinuses (sinus sphenoidales)


 * Accessory sinuses of the nose (Sinus paranasales)
 * Maxillary sinus (sinus maxillaris; antrum of Highmore)


 * bulb of the eye (bulbus oculi; eyeball), or organ of sight
 * fascia bulbi


 * anterior pole
 * posterior pole
 * optic axis

Development of eye

 * optic vesicles
 * optic stalk
 * lens vesicle
 * optic cup


 * optic vesicles
 * choroidal fissure
 * coloboma
 * retina
 * pars ciliaris and pars iridica retinae
 * optic nerve
 * optic chiasma
 * crystalline lens


 * crystalline lens
 * capsula vasculosa lentis
 * pupillary membrane
 * vitreous body


 * anterior chamber
 * sclera
 * choroid
 * eyelids
 * lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal duct
 * nasoöptic furrow
 * epithelium
 * eyelashes


 * Sclera
 * spatium perichorioideale
 * suprachorioidea
 * lamina cribrosa sclerae
 * venae vorticosae
 * sclero-corneal junction
 * sinus venosus sclerae (canal of Schlemm)


 * Sclera
 * trabecular tissue (Trabecular meshwork)
 * Cornea


 * Cornea
 * sulcus circularis corneae
 * iridial angle or filtration angle
 * scleral spur
 * Structure of cornea
 * corneal epithelium (epithelium corneæ anterior layer)
 * substantia propria


 * Cornea
 * Structure of cornea
 * corneal spaces
 * corneal corpuscle
 * anterior elastic lamina (lamina elastica anterior; anterior limiting layer; Bowman’s membrane)
 * posterior elastic lamina (lamina elastica posterior; membrane of Descemet; membrane of Demours)


 * Cornea
 * Structure of cornea
 * spaces of the angle of the iris (spaces of Fontana)
 * pectinate ligament of the iris
 * endothelium of the anterior chamber (endothelium cameræ anterioris; posterior layer; corneal endothelium)


 * Choroid (chorioidea)


 * Choroid (chorioidea)
 * lamina suprachorioidea
 * choroid proper
 * outer layer (lamina vasculosa)
 * venae vorticosae
 * inner layer (lamina choriocapillaris)
 * stratum intermedium
 * Tapetum
 * Ciliary body (corpus ciliare)
 * orbiculus ciliaris
 * ciliary processes (processus ciliares)


 * Ciliary body (corpus ciliare)
 * ciliary processes (processus ciliares)
 * pars ciliaris retinae
 * Ciliaris muscle (m. ciliaris; Bowman's muscle)
 * meridional fibers and circular fibers


 * Iris
 * pupil
 * anterior chamber
 * posterior chamber


 * Iris
 * stroma (stroma iridis)
 * muscular fibers
 * circular fibers
 * radiating fibers
 * pars iridica retinae (uvea)


 * Iris
 * membrana pupillaris


 * ora serrata


 * pars ciliaris retinae and pars iridica retinae
 * rhodopsin or visual purple
 * macula lutea
 * fovea centralis
 * optic disk
 * colliculus nervi optici
 * blind spot
 * Structure of retina
 * pigmented layer
 * Retina proper
 * stratum opticum or layer of nerve fibers


 * Retina proper
 * ganglionic layer
 * inner plexiform layer
 * inner nuclear layer or layer of inner granules
 * bipolar cells


 * Retina proper
 * inner nuclear layer or layer of inner granules
 * rod bipolars
 * cone bipolars
 * horizontal cells
 * amacrine cells
 * outer plexiform layer
 * outer nuclear layer or layer of outer granules
 * rod granules
 * cone granules
 * Layer of rods and cones (Jacob's membrane)
 * rods
 * cones
 * Supporting Frame-work of the Retina
 * sustentacular fibers of Müller
 * membrana limitans interna
 * membrana limitans externa
 * Macula lutea and Fovea centralis


 * Macula lutea and Fovea centralis
 * ora serrata
 * pars ciliaris retinae
 * pars iridica retinae or uvea
 * arteria centralis retinae


 * Aqueous humor (humor aqueus)
 * Vitreous body (corpus vitreum)
 * hyaloid fossa
 * hyaloid membrane
 * hyaloid canal
 * zonula ciliaris (zonule of Zinn)
 * suspensory ligament of the lens


 * Vitreous body (corpus vitreum)
 * spatia zonularis (canal of Petit)
 * Crystalline lens (lens crystallina)
 * capsule of the lens (capsula lentis)
 * lens
 * lens, poles of:


 * Crystalline lens (lens crystallina)
 * radii lentis


 * Ocular muscles (musculi oculi)
 * Levator palpebræ superioris


 * Ocular muscles (musculi oculi)
 * Recti
 * Rectus inferior
 * Rectus internus
 * Rectus lateralis
 * Rectus superior
 * Rectus medialis
 * annulus tendineus communis
 * ligament of Zinn or tendon of Zinn
 * superior tendon of Lockwood
 * Obliquus oculi superior (superior oblique)


 * Ocular muscles (musculi oculi)
 * Obliquus oculi inferior (inferior oblique)


 * Ocular muscles (musculi oculi)
 * Orbitalis muscle
 * Fascia bulb (capsule of Ténon)
 * periscleral lymph space
 * medial check ligament and lateral check ligament


 * Fascia bulb (capsule of Ténon)
 * suspensory ligament of the eye
 * Orbital fascia
 * Eyebrows (supercilia)
 * Eyelids (palpebræ)
 * palpebral fissure (rima palpebrarum)
 * palpebral commissures or canthi
 * lateral palpebral commissure (commissura palpebrarum lateralis; external canthus)
 * medial palpebral commissure (commissura palpebrarum medialis; internal canthus)
 * lacus lacrimalis
 * lacrimal papilla
 * punctum lacrimale
 * eyelashes (cilia)
 * ciliary glands
 * Structure of the Eyelids
 * integument
 * subcutaneous areolar tissue
 * palpebral fibers of the Orbicularis oculi
 * tarsi (tarsal plates)
 * superior tarsus (tarsus superior; superior tarsal plate)
 * inferior tarsus (tarsus inferior; inferior tarsal plate)


 * orbital septum (septum orbitale; palpebral ligament)
 * Tarsal glands (glandulæ tarsales [Meibomi]; Meibomian glands)
 * conjunctiva


 * conjunctiva
 * Palpebral portion (tunica conjunctiva palpebrarum)
 * plica semilunaris
 * superior fornix
 * inferior fornix
 * Bulbar portion (tunica conjunctiva bulbi)


 * trachoma glands
 * caruncula lacrimalis
 * lacus lacrimalis
 * plica semilunaris
 * Lacrimal apparatus (apparatus lacrimalis)
 * Lacrimal gland (glandula lacrimalis)
 * superior lacrimal gland
 * inferior lacrimal gland
 * Lacrimal ducts (ductus lacrimalis; lacrimal canals)
 * puncta lacrimalia
 * papillae lacrimales
 * superior duct
 * inferior duct
 * ampullae
 * Lacrimal sac (saccus lacrimalis)


 * Lacrimal apparatus (apparatus lacrimalis)
 * Nasolacrimal duct (ductus nasolacrimalis; nasal duct)
 * plica lacrimalis (Hasneri)


 * ear
 * auditory plate
 * auditory pit


 * auditory vesicle


 * Labyrinth: development of:


 * middle ear
 * auditory tube
 * malleus
 * incus
 * stapes
 * external acoustic meatus
 * acoustic nerve
 * vestibular ganglion
 * spiral ganglion


 * external ear
 * auricula (pinna)
 * Helix
 * auricular tubercle of Darwin
 * antihelix


 * auricula (pinna)
 * fossa triangularis
 * concha
 * crus
 * cymba conchae
 * cavum conchae
 * tragus
 * intertragic notch
 * antitragus
 * lobule
 * eminentia conchae
 * eminentia triangularis
 * Structure of auricula
 * cartilage of the auricula (cartilago auriculæ; cartilage of the pinna)
 * spina helicis
 * cauda helicis
 * fissura antitragohelicina
 * sulcus antihelicis transversus
 * ponticulus


 * Structure of auricula
 * ligaments of the auricula (ligamenti auricularia; ligaments of the pinna)
 * Extrinsic muscles of external ear
 * Auricularis anterior (Attrahens aurem)
 * Auricularis superior (Attolens aurem)
 * Auricularis posterior (Retrahens aurem)
 * Intrinsic muscles of external ear
 * Helicis major
 * Helicis minor
 * Tragicus
 * Antitragicus
 * Transversus auriculae
 * Obliquus auriculae


 * External acoustic meatus (meatus acusticus externus; external auditory canal or meatus)
 * isthmus
 * cartilaginous portion (meatus acusticus externus cartilagineus)
 * osseous portion (meatus acusticus externus osseus)


 * External acoustic meatus (meatus acusticus externus; external auditory canal or meatus)
 * tympanic sulcus
 * annulus tympanicus
 * ceruminous glands


 * middle ear


 * tympanic cavity proper
 * epitympanic recess
 * Tegmental wall or Roof (paries tegmentalis)
 * tegmen tympani
 * Jugular wall or Floor (paries jugularis)
 * fundus tympani
 * Membranous or Lateral wall (paries membranacea; outer wall)
 * notch of Rivinus
 * iter chordae posterius (apertura tympanica canaliculi chordae)
 * petrotympanic fissure (fissura petrotympanica; Glaserian fissure)


 * Membranous or Lateral wall (paries membranacea; outer wall)
 * iter chordae anterius (canal of Huguier)
 * Tympanic membrane (membrana tympani)
 * fibrocartilaginous ring
 * tympanic sulcus
 * malleolar folds
 * pars flaccida
 * umbo
 * Structure
 * cutaneous stratum
 * fibrous stratum


 * Labyrinthic or Medial wall (paries labyrinthica; inner wall)
 * fenestra vestibuli (fenestra ovalis)
 * fenestra cochleæ (fenestra rotunda)
 * secondary tympanic membrane


 * Labyrinthic or Medial wall (paries labyrinthica; inner wall)
 * promontory (promontorium)
 * prominence of the facial canal (prominentia canalis facialis; prominence of aqueduct of Fallopius)
 * mastoid or posterior wall (paries mastoidea)
 * entrance to the antrum
 * tympanic or mastoid antrum
 * mastoid air cells
 * pyramidal eminence (eminentia pyramidalis; pyramid)
 * fossa incudis
 * Carotid or Anterior wall (paries carotica)
 * septum canalis musculotubarii
 * semicanal for the Tensor tympani (semicanalis m. tensoris tympani)
 * septum canalis musculotubarii (processus cochleariformis)
 * auditory tube (tuba auditiva; Eustachian tube)


 * auditory tube (tuba auditiva; Eustachian tube)
 * osseous portion (pars osseo tubae auditivae)
 * cartilaginous portion (pars cartilaginea tubae auditivae)
 * torus tubarius
 * tube tonsil


 * Malleus
 * head (capitulum mallei)
 * cog-tooth (spur of the malleus)
 * neck (collum mallei)
 * manubrium mallei (handle)
 * anterior process (processus anterior; processus gracilis)
 * lateral process (processus lateralis; processus brevis)


 * Incus
 * body (corpus incudis)
 * short crus (crus breve; short process)


 * Incus
 * fossa incudis
 * long crus (crus longum; long process)
 * lenticular process


 * Stapes
 * head (capitulum stapedis)
 * crura (crus anterius and crus posterius)
 * base (basis stapedis)


 * Ligaments of the Ossicles (ligamenta ossiculorum auditus)
 * anterior ligament of the malleus (lig. mallei anterius)
 * superior ligament of the malleus (lig. mallei superius)
 * lateral ligament of the malleus (lig. mallei laterale; external ligament of the malleus)
 * axis ligament
 * posterior ligament of the incus (lig. incudis posterius)


 * Ligaments of the Ossicles
 * superior ligament of the incus (lig. incudis superius)
 * annular ligament of the base of the stapes (lig. annulare baseos stapedis)


 * Muscles of the Tympanic Cavity (musculi ossiculorum auditus)
 * Tensor tympani
 * Stapedius


 * Mucous membrane of the Tympanic cavity
 * pouch of Prussak
 * recesses of Troltsch


 * tympanic branch of the glossopharyngeal (Jacobson's nerve)
 * superior and inferior caroticotympanic nerves
 * smaller superficial petrosal nerve
 * chorda tympani nerve


 * internal ear (labyrinth)
 * Osseous labyrinth (labyrinthus osseus)
 * Vestibule (vestibulum)


 * Vestibule (vestibulum)
 * pyramid of the vestibule
 * fossa cochlearis
 * aquæductus vestibuli
 * ductus endolymphaticus
 * recessus ellipticus
 * macula cribrosa superior


 * Bony semicircular canals (canales semicirculares ossei)
 * ampulla
 * superior semicircular canal (canalis semicircularis superior)
 * crus commune
 * posterior semicircular canal (canalis semicircularis posterior)
 * lateral or horizontal canal (canalis semicircularis lateralis; external semicircular canal)


 * Cochlea
 * apex of cochlea (cupula)
 * osseous spiral lamina
 * basilar membrane
 * helicotrema
 * modiolus


 * Cochlea
 * spiral canal of the modiolus
 * spiral ganglion (ganglion of Corti)
 * cupula
 * fenestra cochleae
 * secondary tympanic membrane
 * osseous spiral lamina (lamina spiralis ossea)
 * scala vestibuli
 * scala tympani
 * hamulus laminæ spiralis
 * helicotrema
 * secondary spiral lamina
 * vestibule fissure
 * perilymph
 * Membranous labyrinth (labyrinthus membranaceus)
 * perilymph
 * endolymph
 * utricle (utriculus)
 * macula acustica utriculi


 * utricle (utriculus)
 * ductus utriculosaccularis
 * Saccule (sacculus)
 * macula acustica sacculi
 * ductus endolymphaticus
 * saccus endolymphaticus
 * canalis reuniens of Hensen
 * Semicircular ducts (ductus semicirculares; membranous semicircular canals)
 * septum transversum
 * Structure
 * supporting cells
 * hair cells


 * Structure
 * otoconia
 * Ductus cochlearis (membranous cochlea; scala media)
 * basilar membrane
 * vestibular membrane
 * ductus cochlearis (scala media)
 * lagena
 * canalis reuniens of Hensen
 * spiral ligament
 * basilar crest


 * sulcus spiralis externus
 * stria vascularis
 * limbus laminæ spiralis
 * sulcus spiralis internus
 * vestibular lip
 * tympanic lip
 * auditory teeth


 * Basilar membrane
 * zona arcuata
 * zona pectinata
 * vas spirale
 * spiral organ of Corti
 * pillars of Corti


 * spiral organ of Corti
 * tunnel of Corti
 * reticular membrane
 * rods of Corti
 * phalangeal processes
 * Hair cells


 * Hair cells
 * cells of Deiters
 * phalangeal process
 * supporting cells of Hensen
 * cells of Claudius
 * space of Nuel
 * reticular lamina
 * phalanges
 * tectorial membrane
 * Hensen's stripe
 * acoustic nerve (n. acusticus; auditory nerve or nerve of hearing)
 * vestibular nerve (n. vestibularis)
 * vestibular ganglion (ganglion of Scarpa)


 * Free nerve-endings
 * tactile disks


 * special end-organs


 * special end-organs
 * end-bulbs of Krause
 * genital corpuscles
 * articular end-bulbs
 * tactile corpuscles of Grandry
 * Pacinian corpuscles


 * special end-organs
 * corpuscles of Herbst
 * corpuscles of Golgi and Mazzoni
 * tactile corpuscles of Wagner and Meissner
 * Corpuscles of Ruffini
 * neurotendinous spindles (organs of Golgi)
 * neuromuscular spindles


 * Integumentum Commune; Skin, integument
 * epidermis, cuticle or scarf skin


 * four layers
 * stratum mucosum (mucous layer)
 * stratum germinativum


 * four layers
 * stratum granulosum
 * stratum lucidum
 * stratum corneum (horny layer)
 * keratin
 * melanin


 * Corium, Cutis vera, Dermis, or True skin
 * reticular layer (stratum reticulare; deep layer)
 * papillary layer (stratum papillare; superficial layer; corpus papillare of the corium)
 * papillæ


 * Development
 * vernix caseosa
 * lanugo
 * Appendages of the Skin
 * nails (ungues)
 * free edge
 * nail matrix
 * lunula of nails


 * Appendages of the Skin
 * nails (ungues)
 * eponychium
 * Hairs (pili)
 * shaft or scapus
 * root of the hair (radix pili)
 * hair bulb
 * hair follicle
 * outer coat or dermic coat


 * Appendages of the Skin
 * Hairs (pili)
 * inner coat or epidermic coat
 * outer root sheath and inner root sheath
 * Huxley's layer
 * Henle's layer


 * Appendages of the Skin
 * Hairs (pili)
 * shaft of the hair (scapus pili)
 * cortex
 * cuticle
 * Arrectores pilorum
 * Sebaceous glands (glandulæ sebaceæ)
 * sebum cutaneum


 * Appendages of the Skin
 * Sudoriferous glands or Sweat glands (glandulæ sudoriferæ)
 * areolar tissue
 * epithelium