Atrial septal defect ostium secundum


 * Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S. [mailto:psingh@perfuse.org]; Assistant Editor(s)-In-Chief: Kristin Feeney, B.S. [mailto:kfeeney@perfuse.org]

For a full discussion on atrial septal defects click here.

Overview
During fetal development, the septal wall may fail to fuse causing an atrial septal defect to arise. An ostium secundum atrial septal defect is one such type of malformation arising from the irregular development of the foramen ovale, septum secundum or septum primum. It is the most common type of atrial septal defect.

Integration of fluoroscopy and 3D TEE Into Surgical Closure


This ASD closure demonstrates the benefits of integrating ultrasound echocardiography into the procedure room to assist in the guidance of structural heart disease interventions. The integration of x-ray fluoroscopy and ultrasound echocardiography technologies, specifically real-time 3D TEE and its accompanying xPlane offering two simultaneous ultrasound perspectives, as well as the integration of the ultrasound team (echocardiographer and/or sonographer) allows for more efficient heart disease interventions. The three dimensional aspect of echo imaging greatly helps to understand the anatomy of the defect and also during the actual deployment of the device in terms of sizing, alignment, and placement in 3D space of the heart, and then to do a quick efficient interrogation of whether device deployment has a good rim capture, or whether there is residual leaks or any other issues with the device interfering with contiguous structures like valves. The value of real-time three dimensional and multi-plane echocardiography increases even more proportionally as larger and more complex ASDs are operated on percutaneously.

Surgical Repair
