Bovinae

The biological subfamily bovinae includes a diverse group of 10 genera of medium to large sized ungulates, including domestic cattle, the bison, the water buffalo, the yak, and the four-horned and spiral-horned antelopes. The evolutionary relationship between the members of the group is obscure, and their classification into loose tribes rather than formal sub-groups reflects this uncertainty. General characteristics include a cloven hoof and usually at least one of the sexes of a species having a true horn.

In most countries, bovines are used for food. Cows are eaten almost everywhere except in India, where bovines are considered sacred by Hindus.

Systematics and classification

 * FAMILY BOVIDAE
 * Subfamily Bovinae
 * Tribe Boselaphini
 * Genus Tetracerus
 * Four-horned Antelope, Tetracerus quadricornis
 * Genus Boselaphus
 * Nilgai or blue bull, Boselaphus tragocamelus (not to be confused with the extinct Bluebuck Hippotragus leucophaeus, Hippotraginae)
 * Tribe Bovini
 * Genus Bubalus
 * Domestic Asian Water buffalo, Bubalus bubalis
 * Wild Asian Water buffalo, Bubalus arnee
 * Lowland Anoa, Bubalus depressicornis
 * Mountain Anoa, Bubalus quarlesi
 * Tamaraw, Bubalus mindorensis
 * Genus Bos
 * Aurochs, Bos primigenius (extinct)
 * Banteng, Bos javanicus
 * Gaur, Bos gaurus
 * Gayal, Bos frontalis (domestic gaur)
 * Yak, Bos mutus
 * Domestic Cattle, Bos taurus (increasingly considered a subspecies of Bos primigenius)
 * Kouprey, Bos sauveli
 * Genus Pseudonovibos
 * Kting Voar, Pseudonovibos spiralis
 * Genus Pseudoryx
 * Saola, Pseudoryx nghetinhensis
 * Genus Syncerus
 * African Buffalo, Syncerus caffer
 * Genus Bison
 * American Bison, Bison bison
 * Wisent, Bison bonasus
 * Steppe Wisent, Bison priscus (extinct)
 * Tribe Strepsicerotini
 * Genus Tragelaphus (antelope-like)
 * Sitatunga, Tragelaphus spekeii
 * Nyala, Tragelaphus angasii
 * Bushbuck, Tragelaphus scriptus
 * Mountain Nyala Tragelaphus buxtoni
 * Lesser Kudu, Tragelaphus imberbis
 * Greater Kudu, Tragelaphus strepsiceros
 * Bongo, Tragelaphus eurycerus
 * Genus Taurotragus
 * Common Eland, Taurotragus oryx
 * Giant Eland, Taurotragus derbianus

Etymology
Bovine is derived from Latin bos, "ox", through Late Latin  bovinus.Bos derives from the Greek word Βους (Vus)meaning ox.