Azoospermia

Overview
Azoospermia is the medical condition of a male not having any measurable level of sperm in his semen. It is associated with very low levels of fertility.

Azoospermia has two forms: Azoospermia is a reported side effect of androgen drugs and corticosteroids because they suppress the hypothalamus release of GnRH and therefore FSH. This causes azoospermia in males and amenorrhea in females.
 * obstructive azoospermia, where sperm are created, but cannot be mixed with the rest of the ejaculatory fluid due to a physical obstruction, and;
 * non-obstructive azoospermia, where there is a problem with spermatogenesis, as in the condition of hyperprolactinemia.
 * congenital azoospermia, where azoospermia is a manifestation of cystic fibrosis due to agenesis of vas deferens.

Compare with aspermia.

Differential Diagnosis

 * 5-alpha reductase deficiency
 * Anabolic steroid hormone abuse
 * Androgen resistance syndromes
 * Congenital anorchism
 * Cryptorchidism
 * Drugs
 * Ejaculatory duct obstructive lesion
 * Epididymis obstructive lesion
 * Gonadotoxins
 * Hemochromatosis
 * Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
 * Hypothyroidism
 * Impaired nerve function (retrograde ejaculation)
 * Mumps
 * Neurologic disease
 * Other bacterial infections
 * Postoperative conditions (retrograde ejaculation)
 * Prior urologic surgery
 * Psychosexual dysfunction
 * Sertoli only syndrome
 * Syphilis
 * Testicular Tuberculosis
 * Testicular tumor
 * Torsion
 * Traumatic damage
 * Varicocele
 * Vas deferens obstructive lesion
 * Vasectomy