Enterovirus

Bovine enterovirus Coxsackie virus Echovirus Human enterovirus A Human enterovirus B Human enterovirus C Human enterovirus D Human enterovirus E Poliovirus Porcine enterovirus A Porcine enterovirus B Swine vesicular disease virus

The enteroviruses are a genus of (+)ssRNA viruses associated with several human and mammalian diseases. Historically the most significant has been the Poliovirus (which is now nearly extinct). Other types are coxsackie and echovirus.

Enterovirus are the most common cause of aseptic meningitis and can cause serious disease especially in infants and the immunocompressed.

Transmission
Poliovirus, as well as coxsackie and echovirus are faecal-oral spread (compare with entero- - relating to the intestines).

Poliovirus
Incubation period of poliovirus is 1-2 weeks. The prodromal phase shows: Fever, malaise (sore muscles), myalgia, sore throat, vomiting, constipation Poliovirus can affect the brain and cause paralysis.

Coxsackie and echovirus
Coxsackie viruses (a non-phylogenic group) are mainly associated with human hand, foot and mouth disease.

Echoviruses, on the other hand, are a cause of many of the non-specific viral infections. It is majorily found in the intestine, and can cause nervous disorders.

The usual symptoms of coxackie and echovirus are: Fever, mild rash, mild upper respiratory tract (URT) illness.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
In September 2007, a study published in the Journal of Clinical Pathology reported that acute respiratory or gastrointestinal infections associated with enterovirus may be a factor in chronic fatigue syndrome. The California-based study showed a statistically significant portion of the chronic fatigue study group tested positive for a viral protein compared to the control group.

Complications
More serious illnesses can arise from these viruses:
 * Aseptic meningitis
 * Bornholm disease
 * Myocarditis/pericarditis
 * Neonatal myocarditis
 * Herpangina, a painful mouth infection

Enterovirus Enterovirus Entérovirus Enterovirusi Enterovirussen エンテロウイルス Enterovirus 腸道病毒