United States Census, 1840

The United States Census of 1840 was the sixth census of the United States. Conducted by the Bureau of the Census on June 1, 1840, it determined the resident population of the United States to be 17,069,4543 &mdash; an increase of 32.7 percent over the 12,866,020 persons enumerated during the 1830 Census. In 1840, the center of population was about 260 miles (418 km) west of Washington near Weston, West Virginia.

Politics
One notable effect of the published census results on the political debates of the time was that the percentage of "insane negroes" seemed to increase the further North one went, reaching catastrophic proportions in Massachusetts and Maine. Pro-slavery advocates pointed to this as evidence of the beneficial effects of slavery. These statistics were later revealed to be false, but no formal correction to the census results was ever published, partly due to John C. Calhoun being Secretary of State in 1844.