Pulmonary edema causes

Overview
Pulmonary edema is due to either failure of the heart to remove fluid from the lung circulation ("cardiogenic pulmonary edema"), or due to a direct injury to the lung parenchyma or increased permeability or leakiness of the capillaries ("noncardiogenic pulmonary edema").

Cardiogenic

 * Severe arrhythmias (tachycardia/fast heartbeat or bradycardia/slow heartbeat)
 * Arteriovenous malformation
 * Anomalous pulmonary venous return
 * Aortic Regurgitation
 * Aortic Stenosis
 * Arrhythmia
 * Cardiomyopathy
 * Congenita pulmonary venous stenosis
 * Congestive heart failure
 * Coronary Heart Disease
 * Hypertensive crisis
 * Left Heart Failure
 * Left-to-Right Shunt
 * Mitral Regurgitation
 * Mitral Stenosis
 * Myocarditis
 * Pericardial Disease. Pericardial effusion with tamponade
 * ST elevation MI with left ventricular failure

Non-cardiogenic
This form is contiguous with ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome):


 * Acute Bronchial Asthma
 * Acute Renal Failure
 * Bacterial toxins
 * Blood Transfusions
 * Burns
 * Chronic mediastinitis
 * Decompression sickness
 * Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
 * Drowning
 * Drugs
 * Fibrotic/inflammatory disease
 * Fluid overload, e.g. from kidney failure
 * Gastric content aspiration
 * Goodpasture's Syndrome
 * High altitude sickness. Ascent to high altitude occasionally causes high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE)
 * Hyperhydration
 * Hypoalbuminemia / Albumin deficiency
 * Idiopathic Venoocclusive Disease
 * Inhalation of toxic gases
 * Infection
 * Leukemia
 * Malaria
 * Miliary Tuberculosis
 * Neurogenic, e.g. subarachnoid hemorrhage
 * Pheochromocytoma
 * Pneumonia
 * Pulmonary contusion, i.e. high-energy trauma
 * Pulmonary Embolism
 * Reexpansion, i.e. post pneumonectomy or large volume thoracentesis
 * Reperfusion injury, i.e. postpulmonary thromboendartectomy or lung transplantation
 * Sepsis
 * Shock
 * Toxic Shock Syndrome
 * Multitrauma, e.g. motor vehicle accident
 * Upper airway obstruction
 * Uremia

Complete Differential Diagnosis of the Causes of Pulmonary Edema
(By organ system)