James Sykes (governor)

Dr. James Sykes (March 27 1761 – October 18 1822) was an American physician and politician from Dover, in Kent County, Delaware. He was a member of the Federalist Party, who served in the Delaware General Assembly and as Governor of Delaware.

Early life and family
James Sykes was born near Dover, Delaware on March 27 1761, the son of James and Agnes Sykes. His father was a member of the Delaware General Assembly and a delegate to the Continental Congress. James, Jr. studied medicine under Dr. Joshua Clayton and first practiced in Cambridge, Maryland. While there he married Elizabeth Goldsborough, daughter of Judge Robert Goldsborough. After four years they returned to Dover, Delaware, living on The Green. They had three children; James, Anna Matilda, and William, and were members of Christ Episcopal Church. Their house is now an office building.

Political career
In 1791 the Delaware General Assembly appointed Sykes to help manage a lottery to raise one thousand pounds to defray expenses incurred in constructing a new state house. After serving as clerk for the State House in 1796, he was elected to the State Senate in 1793. He served one term for the 1794, 1795, and 1796 sessions. Returning a year later, he served six more terms from the 1798 session through the 1812 session. He was Speaker in 1801, and then in every session from 1804 through 1812.

On February 20 1801, Governor Richard Bassett resigned following his appointment as U.S. Circuit Court Judge by U.S. President John Adams. As the Speaker of the State Senate, Sykes was next in line of succession and took office as Governor. He chose not to run for election in his right, and returned to the State Senate on January 19 1802.

Professional career
In the meantime, Sykes had become one of the state's most renowned surgeons. From his office at 45 The Green in Dover, he specialized in treating gallstones and yellow fever. In 1814 he moved his practice to New York City for six years, but then returned to the Dover practice with his son, James. In 1822 he became President of the Delaware Medical Society.

Death and legacy
Sykes died October 18 1822 in Dover, Delaware, and is buried there, at Christ Episcopal Church Cemetery. His son, James, was a physician in Dover and his son, William was the father of Major General George Sykes, a commander at Gettysburg in the American Civil War.

Public offices
Elections were held the first Tuesday of October. Members of the Delaware General Assembly took office the first Tuesday of January. State Senators had a three year term. The Governor takes office the third Tuesday of January and had a three year term.

{|class=wikitable style="width: 94%" style="text-align: center;" align="center" ! Office ! Type ! Location ! Elected ! Took Office ! Left Office ! notes
 * -bgcolor=#cccccc
 * State Senator
 * Legislature
 * Dover
 * 1793
 * January 6 1794
 * January 6 1797
 * State Senator
 * Legislature
 * Dover
 * 1797
 * January 6 1798
 * January 6 1801
 * Speaker
 * State Senator
 * Legislature
 * Dover
 * 1800
 * January 6 1801
 * February 20 1801
 * Speaker
 * Governor
 * Executive
 * Dover
 * February 20 1801
 * January 19 1802
 * Acting
 * State Senator
 * Legislature
 * Dover
 * 1801
 * January 6 1802
 * January 6 1804
 * State Senator
 * Legislature
 * Dover
 * 1803
 * January 6 1804
 * January 6 1807
 * Speaker
 * State Senator
 * Legislature
 * Dover
 * 1806
 * January 6 1807
 * January 6 1810
 * Speaker
 * State Senator
 * Legislature
 * Dover
 * 1809
 * January 6 1810
 * January 6 1813
 * Speaker
 * January 6 1807
 * January 6 1810
 * Speaker
 * State Senator
 * Legislature
 * Dover
 * 1809
 * January 6 1810
 * January 6 1813
 * Speaker
 * Speaker

Places with more information

 * Historical Society of Delaware 505 Market St., Wilmington, Delaware (302) 655-7161
 * University of Delaware Library 181 South College Ave., Newark, Delaware (302) 831-2965