Multiple myeloma staging

Staging
The International Staging System (ISS) for myeloma was published by the International Myeloma Working Group in 2003 :
 * International Staging System
 * Stage I: β2-microglobulin (β2M) < 3.5 mg/L, albumin >= 3.5 g/dL
 * Stage II: β2M < 3.5 and albumin < 3.5; or β2M between 3.5 and 5.5
 * Stage III: β2M > 5.5

First published in 1975, the Durie-Salmon staging system is still in use, but has largely been superseded by the simpler ISS:
 * Durie-Salmon staging system
 * stage 1: all of
 * Hb > 10g/dL
 * normal calcium
 * Skeletal survey: normal or single plasmacytoma or osteoporosis
 * Serum paraprotein level < 5 g/dL if IgG, < 3 g/dL if IgA
 * Urinary light chain excretion < 4 g/24h
 * stage 2: fulfilling the criteria of neither 1 nor 3
 * stage 3: one or more of
 * Hb < 8.5g/dL
 * high calcium > 12mg/dL
 * Skeletal survey: 3 or more lytic bone lesions
 * Serum paraprotein >7g/dL if IgG, > 5 g/dL if IgA
 * Urinary light chain excretion > 12g/24h

Stages 1, 2 and 3 of the Durie-Salmon staging system can be divided into A or B depending on serum creatinine:
 * A: serum creatinine < 2mg/dL (< 177 umol/L)
 * B: serum creatinine > 2mg/dL (> 177 umol/L)