Fumarate hydratase

In enzymology, a fumarate hydratase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction


 * (S)-malate $$\rightleftharpoons$$ fumarate + H2O

Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, (S)-malate, and two products, fumarate and H2O.

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the hydro-lyases, which cleave carbon-oxygen bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is (S)-malate hydro-lyase (fumarate-forming). Other names in common use include fumarase, L-malate hydro-lyase, and (S)-malate hydro-lyase. This enzyme participates in 3 metabolic pathways: citrate cycle (tca cycle), reductive carboxylate cycle (co2 fixation), and renal cell carcinoma.

Structural studies
As of late 2007, 10 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes, , , , , , , , , and.