Vladimir Bekhterev

Vladimir Bekhterev (January 20, 1857 – December 24, 1927) was a Russian neurophysiologist and psychiatrist who noted the role of the hippocampus in memory around 1900. He founded the field of psycho reflexology, transferring Ivan Pavlov's work on dogs to humans. He is most remembered for Bekhterev's disease.

In 1907 Bekhterev founded the PsychoNeurological Institute, later renamed to the St. Petersburg State Medical Academy. He died in 1927, after being summoned by Stalin, who presumably sought his expertise in dealing with depression. The facts of his death may never be known, but it has been speculated that the outspoken Bekhterev had diagnosed Stalin with paranoia, causing Stalin, who did not agree with the diagnosis, to have the doctor killed.

V.Bekhterev's son, engineer and inventor Pyotr Bekhterev, was executed during Stalin's purges, and his granddaughter Natalya Bekhtereva is a famous Russian neuroscientist and psychologist.