HLA-A29

HLA-A29 (A29) is an HLA-A serotype. The serotype identifies the more common HLA-A*29 gene products. A29 is a split antigen of the A19 broad antigen serotype group. It is similar to the antigens A30, A31, A32, A33, and A74. A31 is more common in Japan, Siberia and Indigenous Americans. It is also more frequent in NE Europe than SW Europe.

A29-B Haplotypes
A29-Cw16-B44(A*2902:Cw*1601:B*4403) appears to have originated in West Africa were Cw*16 frequency is highest and had undergone more linkage equilibrium. Cw*16 decline slowly heading north and more rapidly to the east and northeast, with the highest frequency/latitude north generally along Eastern Spain into the British Ilses, some flow up the channel but haplotype frequency drops in the interior of Europe.

This haplotype can generally be extended from A- to -DQ as A29-Cw16-B44-DR7-DQ2.2:

A*2901 : Cw*1601 : B*4403 : DRB1*0701 : DQA1*0201 : DQB1*0202

And, the Cw16 component is in strong linkage disequilibrium with the DR7-DQ2.2 component suggesting that since the haplotypes introduction into Europe there has not been adequate time for equilibration, supporting its recent introduction into Europe. This particular haplotype supports theories of migration that are more numerous than those supported by mtDNA or Y chromosomal information, many such 'smaller' migrations are evident with HLA haplotypes, suggesting a much greater complexity to human population than haploid loci make evident.