Common gamma chain

Common gamma chain (γc) is a cytokine receptor subunit that is located on the surface of certain sub-sets of lymphocytes (white blood cells).

Structure
It has one end outside the cell like an antenna and the other end inside to transmit signals to the cell's nucleus.

Ligands
The common gamma chain partners with other ligand-specific receptors to direct lymphocytes to respond to cytokines including IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-15 and IL-21.

Function
Lymphocytes expressing the common gamma chain can form functional receptors for these cytokine proteins, which transmit signals from one cell to another and direct programs of cellular differentiation.

Clinical significance
A deficiency is associated with severe combined immunodeficiency.