Echocardiography

Editor(s)-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson M.S., M.D. [mailto:mgibson@perfuse.org] Phone:617-525-6884 ; Eli V. Gelfand, M.D. [mailto:egelfand@bidmc.harvard.edu]

General principles of echocardiography

 * Basic physical principles of ultrasound
 * Quantification of pressure gradients
 * Echocardiographic evaluation of ventricular dyssynchrony
 * Echocardiography terminology
 * Guidelines for echocardiography

Principal echocardiographic modalities

 * Standard transthoracic views and measurements
 * Transthoracic echo (TTE): standard views and measurements
 * Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE): standard views
 * M-mode echo: principles and classic findings
 * Doppler echocardiography
 * Tissue Doppler imaging
 * Contrast echocardiography
 * Stress echocardiography
 * Three-dimensional echocardiography
 * Myocardial contrast echocardiography
 * Intraoperative echocardiography

Echocardiographic diagnosis and evaluation of specific cardiovascular disorders

 * Echo in emergencies
 * Echo in coronary artery disease
 * Echo in pericardial diseases: effusion, cardiac tamponade, constriction
 * Echo in dilated cardiomyopathies
 * Echo in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
 * Echo in restrictive cardiomyopathies
 * Echo in pulmonary hypertension
 * Echo in pulmonary embolism
 * Endocarditis (TTE and TEE)
 * Echo in patients with atrial fibrillation
 * Echo in cardiac tumors and masses
 * Echo in diseases of the aorta
 * Echo in congenital heart disease
 * Echo in non-cardiac systemic disease

Miscellaneous

 * Incidental cardiac findings on echocardiography
 * Noncardiac findings on echocardiography