Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH)

In enzymology, a hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction


 * (R)-mevalonate + CoA + 2 NADP+ $$\rightleftharpoons$$ (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are (R)-mevalonate, CoA, and NADP+, whereas its 3 products are (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA, NADPH, and H+.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is (R)-mevalonate:NADP+ oxidoreductase (CoA-acylating). Other names in common use include hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (reduced nicotinamide, adenine dinucleotide phosphate), 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase, beta-hydroxy-beta-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA reductase (NADPH), S-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase, NADPH-hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase, HMGCoA reductase-mevalonate:NADP-oxidoreductase (acetylating-CoA), 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase (NADPH), and hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH2). This enzyme participates in biosynthesis of steroids. At least one compound, Pravastatin is known to inhibit this enzyme.

Structural studies
As of late 2007, 12 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes, , , , , , , , , , , and.