Yersinia pestis infection primary prevention

Primary Prevention
Risk reduction: Attempts to eliminate fleas and wild rodents from the natural environment in plague-infected areas are impractical. However, controlling rodents and their fleas around places where people live, work, and play is very important in preventing human disease. Therefore, preventive measures are directed to home, work, and recreational settings where the risk of acquiring plague is high. A combined approach using the following methods is recommended:

environmental sanitation educating the public on ways to prevent plague exposures preventive antibiotic therapy

Resources
CDC