ONCE





ONCE (pronounced ), or Organización Nacional de Ciegos Españoles (National Organization of the Spanish Blind), is a Spanish foundation founded on December 13 1938 to raise funds with which to provide services for the blind and persons with serious visual impairment.

Luis del Rosal Caro established in 1928 (Society of Aid and Defense of blind person) in Cadiz, that later extended to Jerez de la Frontera, in 1938 in the rest of Andalusia and 1942 by decree in all Spain; and under their direction the first Regulations are written up that of National Organization of the Spanish Blind “ONCE”.

Although it is overseen by a board of patrons made up of representatives from various Spanish ministries, it does enjoy a certain amount of freedom of movement as regards the day-to-day running of its activities, and its general council is democratically elected from among its members.

As of June 2006, membership of the organization was 66,851 people, of whom 40% were over the age of 65.

In 1988 ONCE established the foundation Fundación ONCE to provide professional training and employment, to eliminate architectural, urban and communication barriers and promote 'Digital Solidarity', that is, web-based services for people with disabilities of any disability group.

The ONCE is active in both culture and sport, and participates in the International Blind Sport Federation (IBSA), and through the Fundación, in the Paralympic movement.

Between them, the three pillars of the ONCE, that is, the Organization as such, the Fundación and CEOSA, ONCE's business corporation, employ over 40,000 blind, visually-impaired or sighted staff.

The Cupón
One of the most visible aspects of ONCE is the charity lottery ticket known throughout Spain as the "Cupón". Sales of this lottery product are the main source of income for ONCE and can carry huge tax-exempt cash prizes. The draw has different tickets for different days of the week, a special weekend ticket as well as special tickets with higher prizes, usually by season, Spring (Primavera), Summer (Verano) and so on. The draw is currently broadcast live every night on the Spanish television channel Cuatro.

The basic graphic designs on the cupón stay the same on each day, but the theme changes to correspond to current events, for example, when the Euro became legal tender. Collecting old issues of the cupón has thus become a hobby for many cupón buyers in Spain.

Cupón Diario
The Cupón Diario (Daily cupón) is drawn daily (Monday to Friday) and costs 1,00 euro. Prizes are broken down as follows:
 * 1,50€ prize for last or first numbers, 540,000 Prizes

How it works
The cupón is drawn as a 5-digit number and a Series Number. Prizes vary from how many of the 5 digits your cupón has, or the amount of numbers it has plus the Series number. The digits have to be in order to win, from left to right. The lowest prize is effectively a refund of 1,50€, that was used to purchase your ticket.

Where to buy
ONCE lottery tickets are sold on the streets by authorised cupón sellers, as well as in ONCE kiosks, which are clearly identified by the word "ONCE", and can be found along the high street, at airports, and in shopping malls. These points of sales employ the blind or partially-sighted, which is one of the main goals of ONCE, although by agreement with Fundación ONCE, over the last few years some have become available to persons with other disabilities.

Like Spain's National Lottery agency, ONCE does not sell its lottery products over internet, and both bodies continuously issue warnings to that effect, as there have recently been a series of scams involving international criminal organisations claiming to operate as authorised agencies of both lottery institutions. Major (tax-exempt) cash prizes are paid directly into bank accounts once the winner has established contact with the organisation through its delegations throughout Spain.

Likewise, in order to prevent attempts of fraudulent manipulation and counterfeiting, the cupón itself has a number of embedded security features of different kinds, such as optically variable devices, that are extremely difficult to reproduce. The cupón sellers, whether in the street or in kiosks, use electronic reading devices connected to the ONCE's database to check each winning number, as well as the authenticity of the cupón.

Companies
In the 1980s, and in order to diversify risk, i.e., any future potential decrease in sales of the cupón, the managers of the then-affluent ONCE started a policy of profit-oriented investment. One of the acquisitions was a sizeable participation in the Spanish private TV channel Telecinco and the radio network Onda Cero ("Airwave Zero", based on the ONda CEro acronym). The most visible effect was the broadcast, on Telecinco, of the daily lottery draw, the Telecupón, presented by the highly popular retired actress Carmen Sevilla.

Critics pointed to the paradox of blind "upstarts" running one of the newly created commercial TV channels. There were also critics who claimed that it was a manoeuvre of the then-ruling party in government, the Spanish Socialist Workers Party (PSOE) to indirectly control the media in general.

Later management teams divested from Telecinco following a major judicial investigation into supposed tax dodges, etc. by the main shareholder, a company belonging to Silvio Berlusconi's Fininvest.

ONCE no longer has a stake in either of these two media companies, although it does still run a media company, Servimedia, which is a news agency specialising in providing information on issues of social interest, such as disability, integration, corporate social responsibility, leisure, etc.

Cycling
Until the end of the 2003 season, ONCE also sponsored one of the leading cycling teams. Whilst hugely successful in sporting terms and as a marketing vehicle, it was a costly project that was increasingly difficult to justify in terms of the ONCE's commitment to social integration of its members. The former directeur sportif, Manolo Saiz, went on to form the Liberty Seguros-Würth team.