Diabetes dietary recommendations for preventing complications by american diabetes association


 * Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S. [mailto:psingh@perfuse.org];

Overview
==American Diabetes Association - Nutritional interventions for preventing and managing diabetes complications (DO NOT EDIT)  == {{cquote|

Treating and Controlling Diabetes Complications (Tertiary Prevention)
Microvascular Complications


 * Reduction of protein intake to 0.8 to 1.0 g/kg body wt/day in individuals with diabetes and the earlier stages of CKD and to 0.8 g/kg body wt/day in the later stages of CKD may improve measures of renal function (urine albumin excretion rate, glomerular filtration rate) and is recommended. (B)
 * MNT that favorably affects cardiovascular risk factors may also have a favorable effect on microvascular complications such as retinopathy and nephropathy. (C)

Treatment and Management of CVD Risk
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 * Target A1C is as close to normal as possible without significant hypoglycemia. (B)
 * For patients with diabetes at risk for cardiovascular disease, diets high in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and nuts may reduce the risk. (C)
 * For patients with diabetes and symptomatic heart failure, dietary sodium intake of <2,000 mg/day may reduce symptoms. (C)
 * In normotensive and hypertensive individuals, a reduced sodium intake (e.g., 2,300 mg/day) with a diet high in fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy products lowers blood pressure. (A)
 * In most individuals, a modest amount of weight loss beneficially affects blood pressure. (C)