TARDBP

TAR DNA binding protein, also known as TARDBP or as TDP-43, is a cellular protein. It is one of the genes on chromosome 1. Pathology in this protein has been linked to a couple of diseases, such as frontotemporal lobar degeneration and motor neuron disease.

TARDBP and HIV
HIV-1, the causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), contains an RNA genome that produces a chromosomally integrated DNA during the replicative cycle. Activation of HIV-1 gene expression by the transactivator Tat is dependent on an RNA regulatory element (TAR) located downstream of the transcription initiation site. The protein encoded by this gene is a transcriptional repressor that binds to chromosomally integrated TAR DNA and represses HIV-1 transcription. In addition, this protein regulates alternate splicing of the CFTR gene. A similar pseudogene is present on chromosome 20.