Pinealoma

Overview
Pinealoma is a tumor of the pineal gland.

Presentation
The pineal gland produces the hormone melatonin which plays a role in regulating circadian rhythms. A pinealoma may disrupt production of this hormone, and insomnia may result. Frequently, paralysis of upward gaze along with several ocular findings known collectively as Parinaud's syndrome are the only physical symptom seen. This is caused by the compression of the vertical gaze center in the midbrain tectum. Other symptoms may include hydrocephalus, gait disturbances, and precocious puberty.