Absent radius

Overview
Absent radius is a very rare medical condition in which the radius bone is not developed. This results in a typical position of the arm in which the wrist is plantarflexed and radially deviated.

The aetiology of radial club hand or radial dysplasia can be divided into:


 * 1) sporadic cases, which are not inherited and are presumed to be due to de novo genetic mutations
 * 2) syndromal cases; certain syndromes have a higher than expected association with radial dysplasia. Typically, organ systems are affected that develop at the same time as the upper limb:
 * VACTERL or VATER syndrome
 * Holt-Oram syndrome
 * Edwards syndrome
 * haematopoietic syndromes:
 * Fanconi anemia
 * Thrombocytopaenia with Absent Radius (TAR syndrome)
 * craniofacial syndromes:
 * Nager's syndrome
 * Goldenhar's syndrome
 * Mobius syndrome
 * cleft lip and palate
 * Treacher-Collins syndrome
 * skeletal syndromes and isolated skeletal associations:
 * Klippel-Feil syndrome
 * Sprengel deformity
 * syndactyly
 * scoliosis
 * teratogens:
 * radiations
 * valproic acid
 * thalidomide