Beta thalassemia cardiomyopathy

Untreated thalassemia Major eventually leads to death usually by heart failure, therefore birth screening is very important. β-Thalassemia cardiomyopathy takes on two phenotypes:
 * Dilated phenotype: Left ventricular dilatation and impaired contractility are present
 * Restrictive phenotype: Restrictive left ventricular filling is present along with pulmonary hypertension, and right heart failure.

The pathophysiology of β-Thalassemia cardiomyopathy is multifactorial, with myocardial iron overload and immunoinflammatory processes being the predominant mechanisms.