Membrane

In medicine, microbiology, cellular physiology and biochemistry a membrane is a thin layer that separates various cellular structures or organs. It usually includes lipid bilayer reinforced by proteins and other macromolecules, and can refer to:


 * Basement membrane, the combination of the basal lamina and lamina reticularis or of two basal laminae
 * Biological membrane
 * Cell membrane
 * Endomembrane system that divides the cell into organelles
 * Outer membrane or inner membrane of an organelle
 * S-layer, a cell membrane of bacteria
 * Mucous membrane


 * Serous membrane and mesothelium that surround organs, including:
 * Peritoneum that lines the abdominal cavity
 * Pericardium that surrounds the heart
 * Pleura that surround the lungs
 * Periosteum, membrane that surrounds bone
 * The meninges that surround the brain: the dura mater, arachnoid mater, and the pia mater
 * Skin, part of the integumentary system

Membrane may also refer to:
 * A mechanical membrane, a thin, flat flexible part that can deform or vibrate when excited by an external force.
 * Membrane keyboard
 * Artificial, semipermeable membranes which are used to separate species in a fluid on the basis of size, charge or other characteristics. Such membranes are employed in a range of applications from water and wastewater treatment (see reverse osmosis, diffuser (sewage), landfill liners, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration and microfiltration) to hydrogen fuel cells (see proton exchange membrane).
 * The Membranes - an English post-punk band
 * Membranes also referred to as branes in string theory

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