Sialyl lewis x

Sialyl LewisX, also known as sialyl LeX and SLeX, is a tetrasaccharide carbohydrate, that is usually attached to O-glycans on the surface of the cells, and known to play a vital role in cell-cell recognition processes. Sialyl Lewis X is one of the most important blood group antigens and is displayed on the terminus of glycolipids that are present on the cell-surface. Sialyl Lewis X determinant, E-selectin ligand carbohydrate structure, is constitutively expressed on granulocytes and monocytes and mediates inflammatory extravasation of these cells. Resting T and B lymphocytes lack its expression and are induced to strongly express sialyl Lewis X upon activation. Sialyl Lewis X determinant is expressed preferentially on activated Th1 cells but not on Th2 cells. Defective synthesis of the sialyl Lewis X antigen results in immunodeficiency. Defective synthesis can be caused by the loss of fucosyltransferase, impairing the glycosylation of the glycosphingolipid.