Acid base physiology

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Overview

Acid-base physiology is the study of the acids, bases and their reactions in the body. For survival, acid base homeostasis is an absolute requirement.

The traditional approach to the study of acid-base physiology has been the empiric approach. The main variants are the base excess approach and the bicarbonate approach. The modern quantitative approach introduced by Peter A Stewart in 1978^[1] is now emerging as the most correct approach.

pH parturition

pH parturition is the tendency for acids to accumulate in basic fluid compartments, and bases to accumulate in acidic compartments.

The reason is that acids become negatively electric charged in basic fluids, since they donate a proton. On the other hand, bases become positively electric charged in acid fluids, since they receive a proton.

Since electric charge decrease the membrane permeability of substances, once an acid enters a basic fluid and becomes electrically charged, then it cannot escape that compartment with ease and therefore accumulates, and vice versa with bases.

See also

• Acid-base homeostasis
• Acidosis
• Alkalosis
• Mixed disorder of acid-base balance

pH range is 7.38-7.42

References

1. ↑ Stewart P (1978). "Independent and dependent variables of acid-base control". Respir Physiol 33 (1): 9-26. PMID 27857.

External links

• Stewart's original text at acidbase.org
• Overview at med.utah.edu
• Overview at anaesthetist.com
• Overview at anst.uu.se
• Tutorial at acid-base.com
• On-line Acid-Base Physiology text

v • d • e Urinary system, physiology: renal physiology and acid base physiology
Filtration	Renal blood flow - Ultrafiltration - Countercurrent exchange
Hormones affecting filtration	Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) - Aldosterone - Atrial natriuretic peptide
Secretion/clearance	Pharmacokinetics - Clearance of medications
Reabsorption	Solvent drag -Na+ - Cl- -urea -glucose -oligopeptides -protein
Endocrine	Renin - Erythropoietin (EPO) - Calcitriol (Active vitamin D) - Prostaglandins
Assessing Renal function / Measures of dialysis	Glomerular filtration rate - Creatinine clearance - Renal clearance ratio - Urea reduction ratio - Kt/V - Standardized Kt/V - Hemodialysis product - PAH clearance (Effective renal plasma flow - Extraction ratio)
Acid base physiology	Fluid balance - Darrow Yannet diagram - Body water - Interstitial fluid - Extracellular fluid - Intracellular fluid/Cytosol - Plasma - Transcellular fluid - Base excess - Davenport diagram - Anion gap - Arterial blood gas
Buffering/compensation	Bicarbonate buffering system - Respiratory compensation - Renal compensation

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Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .