Acute monocytic leukemia

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Acute monocytic leukemia Classification and external resources
ICD-10	C93.0
ICD-9	206.0
MeSH	D007948

WikiDoc Resources for Acute monocytic leukemia
Articles
Most recent articles on Acute monocytic leukemia Most cited articles on Acute monocytic leukemia Review articles on Acute monocytic leukemia Articles on Acute monocytic leukemia in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ
Media
Powerpoint slides on Acute monocytic leukemia Images of Acute monocytic leukemia Photos of Acute monocytic leukemia Podcasts & MP3s on Acute monocytic leukemia Videos on Acute monocytic leukemia
Evidence Based Medicine
Cochrane Collaboration on Acute monocytic leukemia Bandolier on Acute monocytic leukemia TRIP on Acute monocytic leukemia
Clinical Trials
Ongoing Trials on Acute monocytic leukemia at Clinical Trials.gov Trial results on Acute monocytic leukemia Clinical Trials on Acute monocytic leukemia at Google
Guidelines / Policies / Govt
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Acute monocytic leukemia NICE Guidance on Acute monocytic leukemia NHS PRODIGY Guidance FDA on Acute monocytic leukemia CDC on Acute monocytic leukemia
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Books on Acute monocytic leukemia
News
Acute monocytic leukemia in the news Be alerted to news on Acute monocytic leukemia News trends on Acute monocytic leukemia
Commentary
Blogs on Acute monocytic leukemia
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Definitions of Acute monocytic leukemia
Patient Resources / Community
Patient resources on Acute monocytic leukemia Discussion groups on Acute monocytic leukemia Patient Handouts on Acute monocytic leukemia Directions to Hospitals Treating Acute monocytic leukemia Risk calculators and risk factors for Acute monocytic leukemia
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Symptoms of Acute monocytic leukemia Causes & Risk Factors for Acute monocytic leukemia Diagnostic studies for Acute monocytic leukemia Treatment of Acute monocytic leukemia
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CME Programs on Acute monocytic leukemia
International
Acute monocytic leukemia en Espanol Acute monocytic leukemia en Francais
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Acute monocytic leukemia in the Marketplace Patents on Acute monocytic leukemia
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List of terms related to Acute monocytic leukemia

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Acute monocytic leukemia (AMoL, or AML-M5) is considered a type of acute myeloid leukemia. In order to fulfill World Health Organization (WHO) criteria for AML-5, a patient must have greater than 20% blasts in the bone marrow, and of these, greater than 80% must be of the monocytic lineage. A further subclassification (M5a versus M5b) is made depending on whether the monocytic cells are predominantly monoblasts (>80%) (acute monoblastic leukemia) or a mixture of monoblasts and promonocytes (<80% blasts). Monoblasts can be distinguished by having a roughly circular nucleus, delicate lacy chromatin, and abundant, often basophilic cytoplasm. These cells may also have pseudopods. By contrast, promonocytes have a more convoluted nucleus, and their cytoplasm may contain metachromatic granules. Monoblasts are typically MPO negative and promonocytes are MPO variable. Both monoblasts and promonocytes stain positive for non-specific esterase (NSE), however NSE may often be negative.

Immunophenotypically, M5-AML variably express myeloid (CD13, CD33) and monocytic (CD11b, CD11c) markers. Cells may aberrantly express B cels marker CD20 and the NK marker CD56. Monoblasts may be positive for CD34.

M5 is associated with characteristic chromosomal abnormalities, often involving 11q23 or t(9;11)affecting the MLL locus, however the MLL translocation is also found in other AML subtypes. MLL is believed to be prognostically unfavorable in AML-M5 compared to other genetic alterations involving MLL such as t(9;11) The t(8;16) translocation in MLL is associated with hemophagocytosis.

AML-M5 is thought to be associated with exposure to epidophyllotoxins.

AML-M5 is treated with intensive chemotherapy (such as anthracyclines) or with bone marrow transplantation.

External links

• AML images at Nagoya
• AML Images

v • d • e Pathology: hematology (primarily D50-D77, 280-289)
RBCs/anemia/ hemoglobinopathy (Myeloid)	nutritional anemia: Iron deficiency anemia, Plummer-Vinson syndrome, Megaloblastic anemia (Pernicious anemia) hereditary hemolytic anemia: enzyme disorders (G6PD Deficiency, Pyruvate kinase deficiency,Triosephosphate isomerase deficiency), Thalassemia, Sickle-cell disease/trait, Hereditary spherocytosis, Hereditary elliptocytosis, Hereditary stomatocytosis acquired hemolytic anemia: Autoimmune (Warm), HUS, MAHA, PNH, PCH aplastic anemia: Acquired PRCA, Diamond-Blackfan anemia, Fanconi anemia • Sideroblastic anemia
Coagulation/platelets (Myeloid)	coagulopathy: DIC (Congenital afibrinogenemia, Purpura fulminans) • Hemophilia (A/VII, B/IX, C/XI, XIII) • Von Willebrand disease Purpura: Henoch-Schönlein, ITP (Evans syndrome), TTP primary hypercoagulable state: Protein C deficiency - Protein S deficiency - Antithrombin III deficiency - Factor V Leiden - Activated protein C resistance - Antiphospholipid syndrome other hemorrhagic conditions: Bernard-Soulier syndrome - Glanzmann's thrombasthenia - Grey platelet syndrome - May Hegglin anomaly Essential thrombocytosis - Thrombocytopenia
Monocytes/Macrophages (Myeloid)	WHO-I histiocytosis (Langerhans cell histiocytosis) WHO-II/non-Langerhans-cell histiocytosis (Juvenile xanthogranuloma, Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis) WHO-III/malignant histiocytic disorders (Acute monocytic leukemia, Malignant histiocytosis, Erdheim-Chester disease) -cytosis: Monocytosis -penia: Monocytopenia
Granulocytes (Myeloid)	-cytosis: granulocytosis (Neutrophilia, Eosinophilia, Basophilia) -penia: Granulocytopenia/agranulocytosis (Neutropenia, Kostmann syndrome)
Other/general myeloid	Chronic granulomatous disease
Lymphoid	-cytosis: Lymphocytosis -penia: Lymphopenia
Other	Asplenia/hyposplenism - Methemoglobinemia - Pancytopenia
See also hematological malignancy and immune disorders

v • d • e Pathology: hematology, myeloid hematologic disease (primarily D50-D77, 280-289)
RBCs/ hemoglobinopathy	+ Polycythemia - Macrocytosis - Anemia Nutritional Iron deficiency anemia (Plummer-Vinson syndrome), Megaloblastic anemia (Pernicious anemia) Hemolytic Hereditary enzyme: G6PD Deficiency - Pyruvate kinase deficiency - Triosephosphate isomerase deficiency hemoglobin: Thalassemia - Sickle-cell disease/trait membrane: Hereditary spherocytosis - Hereditary elliptocytosis - Hereditary stomatocytosis Acquired Autoimmune (Warm, Cold), HUS, MAHA, PNH, PCH, Myelophthisic Aplastic Acquired PRCA, Diamond-Blackfan anemia, Fanconi anemia, Sideroblastic anemia Blood tests Normocytic - Microcytic - Macrocytic - Normochromic - Hypochromic Other Methemoglobinemia
Coagulation/platelets/ coagulopathy/ bleeding diathesis	+ Hypercoagulability primary: Antithrombin III deficiency - Protein C deficiency/Activated protein C resistance/Protein S deficiency/Factor V Leiden - Hyperprothrombinemia acquired: DIC (Congenital afibrinogenemia, Purpura fulminans) - autoimmune (Antiphospholipid) Other Essential thrombocytosis - clotting factor: Hemophilia (A/VIII, B/IX, C/XI) • Von Willebrand disease • Hypoprothrombinemia/II - XIII platelet function: Bernard-Soulier syndrome - Glanzmann's thrombasthenia - Gray platelet syndrome - May Hegglin anomaly - Pelger-Huet anomaly Purpura: Henoch-Schönlein, ITP (Evans syndrome), TTP Thrombocytopenia (Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia)
Monocytes/ macrophages	+ Histiocytosis WHO-I (Langerhans cell histiocytosis) WHO-II/non-Langerhans-cell (Juvenile xanthogranuloma, Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis) WHO-III/malignant (Acute monocytic leukemia, Malignant histiocytosis, Erdheim-Chester disease) Other Chronic granulomatous disease -cytosis: Monocytosis - -penia: Monocytopenia
Granulocytes	+ -cytosis: granulocytosis (Neutrophilia, Eosinophilia, Basophilia) - -penia: Granulocytopenia/agranulocytosis (Neutropenia, Kostmann syndrome)
See also hematological malignancy and immune disorders

v • d • e WikiDoc Research Resources for Acute monocytic leukemia (Click show to right to view)
Articles on Acute monocytic leukemia	Most recent articles on Acute monocytic leukemia • Most cited articles on Acute monocytic leukemia • Review articles on Acute monocytic leukemia • Articles on Acute monocytic leukemia in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ
Media (Slides, Video, Images, MP3) on Acute monocytic leukemia	Powerpoint slides on Acute monocytic leukemia • Images of Acute monocytic leukemia • Photos of Acute monocytic leukemia • Podcasts & MP3s on Acute monocytic leukemia • Videos on Acute monocytic leukemia
Evidence Based Medicine Regarding Acute monocytic leukemia	Cochrane Collaboration on Acute monocytic leukemia • Bandolier on Acute monocytic leukemia • TRIP on Acute monocytic leukemia
Cost Effectiveness of Acute monocytic leukemia	Cost Effectiveness of Acute monocytic leukemia
Clinical Trials Involving Acute monocytic leukemia	Ongoing Trials on Acute monocytic leukemia at Clinical Trials.gov • Trial results on Acute monocytic leukemia • Clinical Trials on Acute monocytic leukemia at Google
Guidelines / Policies / Government Resources (FDA/CDC) Regarding Acute monocytic leukemia	US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Acute monocytic leukemia • NICE Guidance on Acute monocytic leukemia • NHS PRODIGY Guidance • FDA on Acute monocytic leukemia • CDC on Acute monocytic leukemia
Textbook Information on Acute monocytic leukemia	Books and Textbook Information on Acute monocytic leukemia
Pharmacology Resources on Acute monocytic leukemia	Dosing of Acute monocytic leukemia • Drug interactions with Acute monocytic leukemia • Side effects of Acute monocytic leukemia • Allergic reactions to Acute monocytic leukemia • Overdose information on Acute monocytic leukemia • Carcinogenicity information on Acute monocytic leukemia • Acute monocytic leukemia in pregnancy • Pharmacokinetics of Acute monocytic leukemia •
Genetics, Pharmacogenomics, and Proteinomics of Acute monocytic leukemia	Genetics of Acute monocytic leukemia • Pharmacogenomics of Acute monocytic leukemia • Proteomics of Acute monocytic leukemia
Newstories on Acute monocytic leukemia	Acute monocytic leukemia in the news • Be alerted to news on Acute monocytic leukemia • News trends on Acute monocytic leukemia
Commentary on Acute monocytic leukemia	Blogs on Acute monocytic leukemia
Patient Resources on Acute monocytic leukemia	Patient resources on Acute monocytic leukemia • Discussion groups on Acute monocytic leukemia • Patient Handouts on Acute monocytic leukemia • Directions to Hospitals Treating Acute monocytic leukemia • Risk calculators and risk factors for Acute monocytic leukemia
Healthcare Provider Resources on Acute monocytic leukemia	Symptoms of Acute monocytic leukemia • Causes & Risk Factors for Acute monocytic leukemia • Diagnostic studies for Acute monocytic leukemia • Treatment of Acute monocytic leukemia
Continuing Medical Education (CME) Programs on Acute monocytic leukemia	CME Programs on Acute monocytic leukemia
International Resources on Acute monocytic leukemia	Acute monocytic leukemia en Espanol • Acute monocytic leukemia en Francais
Business Resources on Acute monocytic leukemia	Acute monocytic leukemia in the Marketplace • Patents on Acute monocytic leukemia
Informatics Resources on Acute monocytic leukemia	List of terms related to Acute monocytic leukemia

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Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content

Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .