Lymphadenopathy

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Lymphadenopathy Classification and external resources
Lymphadenopathy
ICD-10	I88., L04., R59.1
ICD-9	289.1-289.3, 683, 785.6
DiseasesDB	22225
eMedicine	ped/1333
MeSH	D008206

WikiDoc Resources for Lymphadenopathy
Articles
Most recent articles on Lymphadenopathy Most cited articles on Lymphadenopathy Review articles on Lymphadenopathy Articles on Lymphadenopathy in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ
Media
Powerpoint slides on Lymphadenopathy Images of Lymphadenopathy Photos of Lymphadenopathy Podcasts & MP3s on Lymphadenopathy Videos on Lymphadenopathy
Evidence Based Medicine
Cochrane Collaboration on Lymphadenopathy Bandolier on Lymphadenopathy TRIP on Lymphadenopathy
Clinical Trials
Ongoing Trials on Lymphadenopathy at Clinical Trials.gov Trial results on Lymphadenopathy Clinical Trials on Lymphadenopathy at Google
Guidelines / Policies / Govt
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Lymphadenopathy NICE Guidance on Lymphadenopathy NHS PRODIGY Guidance FDA on Lymphadenopathy CDC on Lymphadenopathy
Books
Books on Lymphadenopathy
News
Lymphadenopathy in the news Be alerted to news on Lymphadenopathy News trends on Lymphadenopathy
Commentary
Blogs on Lymphadenopathy
Definitions
Definitions of Lymphadenopathy
Patient Resources / Community
Patient resources on Lymphadenopathy Discussion groups on Lymphadenopathy Patient Handouts on Lymphadenopathy Directions to Hospitals Treating Lymphadenopathy Risk calculators and risk factors for Lymphadenopathy
Healthcare Provider Resources
Symptoms of Lymphadenopathy Causes & Risk Factors for Lymphadenopathy Diagnostic studies for Lymphadenopathy Treatment of Lymphadenopathy
Continuing Medical Education (CME)
CME Programs on Lymphadenopathy
International
Lymphadenopathy en Espanol Lymphadenopathy en Francais
Businness
Lymphadenopathy in the Marketplace Patents on Lymphadenopathy
Experimental / Informatics
List of terms related to Lymphadenopathy

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Overview

Lymphadenopathy is a term meaning "disease of the lymph nodes." It is, however, almost synonymously used with "swollen/enlarged lymph nodes".

When the infection is of the lymph nodes themselves, it is called lymphadenitis, but when the infection is of the lymph channels, it is called lymphangitis.

Associated conditions

Enlarged lymph nodes are a common symptom in a number of infectious and cancerous diseases. It is a recognized symptom of many diseases, which include:

• reactive: acute infection (e.g. bacterial, or viral), or chronic infections (tuberculous lymphadenitis, cat-scratch disease).
  • Infectious mononucleosis is an acute viral infection, the hallmark of which is marked enlargement of the cervical lymph nodes.
  • it is also a symptom of cutaneous anthrax, measles and Human African trypanosomiasis, the latter two giving lymphadenopathy in lymph nodes in the neck
  • toxoplasmosis, a parasitic disease, gives a generalized lymphadenopathy^[1]

• tumoral:
  • Primary: Hodgkin lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, hairy cell leukemia, give lymphadenopathy in all or a few lymph nodes ^[1]
  • Secondary: metastasis, Virchow's Node, Neuroblastoma

• autoimmune etiology: sarcoidosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis all giving a generalized lymphadenopathy.^[1]

• immunocompromised etiology: AIDS. Generalized lymphadenopathy is an early sign of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). "Lymphadenopathy syndrome" has been used to describe the first symptomatic stage of HIV progression, preceding AIDS-related complex and full-blown AIDS.^[1]

Diagnosis

Patterns of Benign (Reactive) Lymphadenopathy

There are three distinct patterns of benign lymphadenopathy:

• Follicular hyperplasia. Seen in infections, autoimmune disorders, and nonspecific reactions.
• Paracortical hyperplasia. Seen in viral infections, skin diseases, and nonspecific reactions.
• Sinus histiocytosis. Seen in lymph nodes draining limbs, inflammatory lesions, and malignancies.

Bihilar lymphadenopathy

Bihilar lymphadenopathy is a radiographic term that describes the enlargement of mediastinal lymph nodes. It is easily and most commonly identified by a chest x-ray. The causes can divide into the four commonest:

• Tuberculosis
• Sarcoidosis
• Lymphoma
• Other malignancies

Less common causes include:

• Churg-Strauss syndrome
• Human Immunodeficiency Virus
• Extrinsic allergic alveolitis
• Pneumoconiosis

Physical Examination

Chest X Ray

Differential Diagnosis of Causes of Lymphadenopathy

In alphabetical order. ^{[1] [1]}

• A. catarrhalis
• Anthrax
• Aphthous stomatitis
• Breast Cancer
• Brucellosis
• Cat scratch fever
• Erysipelas
• German Measles
• Hemoblastosis
• Histoblastosis
• Hodgkin's Lymphoma
• Idiopathic
• Infectious mononucleosis
• Influenza
• Listeriosis
• Leukemia
• Lymphangitis
• Lymphatic leukemia
• Mastitis
• Measles
• Metastatic tumor
• Mumps
• Pancoast tumor
• Reticulosis
• Streptococcal tonsillitis
• Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
• Three-day fever
• Toxoplasmosis
• Tuberculosis
• Tularemia
• Vaccination
• Varicella
• Vincent's angina
• Waldenstrom's Syndrome

References

v • d • e Circulatory system pathology (I, 390-459)
Hypertension	Hypertensive heart disease - Hypertensive nephropathy - Secondary hypertension (Renovascular hypertension)
Ischaemic heart disease	Angina pectoris (Prinzmetal's angina) - Myocardial infarction (heart attack) - Dressler's syndrome
Pulmonary circulation	Pulmonary embolism - Cor pulmonale
Pericardium	Pericarditis - Pericardial effusion - Cardiac tamponade
Endocardium/heart valves	Endocarditis - mitral valve (regurgitation, prolapse, stenosis) - aortic valve (stenosis, insufficiency) - pulmonary valve (stenosis, insufficiency) - tricuspid valve (stenosis, insufficiency)
Myocardium	Myocarditis - Cardiomyopathy (Dilated cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Loeffler endocarditis, Restrictive cardiomyopathy) - Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia
Electrical conduction system of the heart	Heart block: AV block (First degree, Second degree, Third degree) - Bundle branch block (Left, Right) - Bifascicular block - Trifascicular block Pre-excitation syndrome (Wolff-Parkinson-White, Lown-Ganong-Levine) - Long QT syndrome - Adams-Stokes syndrome - Cardiac arrest - Sudden cardiac death Arrhythmia: Paroxysmal tachycardia (Supraventricular, AV nodal reentrant, Ventricular) - Atrial flutter - Atrial fibrillation (Familial) - Ventricular fibrillation - Premature contraction (Atrial, Ventricular) - Ectopic pacemaker - Sick sinus syndrome
Other heart conditions	Heart failure - Cardiovascular disease - Cardiomegaly - Ventricular hypertrophy (Left, Right)
Cerebrovascular diseases	Stroke - Transient ischemic attack - Intracranial hemorrhage/cerebral hemorrhage: Extra-axial hemorrhage (Epidural hemorrhage, Subdural hemorrhage, Subarachnoid hemorrhage) Intra-axial hematoma (Intraventricular hemorrhages, Intraparenchymal hemorrhage) - Anterior spinal artery syndrome - Binswanger's disease - Moyamoya disease
Arteries, arterioles and capillaries	Atherosclerosis (Renal artery stenosis) - Aortic dissection/Aortic aneurysm (Abdominal aortic aneurysm) - Aneurysm - Raynaud's phenomenon/Raynaud's disease - Buerger's disease - Vasculitis/Arteritis (Aortitis) - Intermittent claudication - Arteriovenous fistula - Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia - Spider angioma - Dissection (Carotid artery, Vertebral artery)
Veins, lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes	Thrombosis/Phlebitis/Thrombophlebitis (Deep vein thrombosis, May-Thurner syndrome, Portal vein thrombosis, Venous thrombosis, Budd-Chiari syndrome, Renal vein thrombosis, Paget-Schroetter disease) - Varicose veins / Portacaval anastomosis (Hemorrhoid, Esophageal varices, Varicocele, Gastric varices, Caput medusae) - Superior vena cava syndrome - Lymph (Lymphadenitis, Lymphedema, Lymphangitis)
Other	Hypotension (Orthostatic hypotension) - Rheumatic fever
See also congenital (Q20-Q28, 745-747)

v • d • e Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (integumentary system) (L, 680-709)
Infections	Staphylococcus (Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, Impetigo, Boil, Carbuncle) - Cellulitis (Paronychia) - Acute lymphadenitis - Pilonidal cyst - Corynebacterium (Erythrasma) - Pimple (Pustule)
Bullous disorders	acantholysis (Pemphigus, Transient acantholytic dermatosis) - Pemphigoid (Bullous, Mucous membrane, Gestational) - Dermatitis herpetiformis
Inflammatory	Dermatitis and eczema Atopic dermatitis - Seborrhoeic dermatitis (Dandruff, Cradle cap) - Contact dermatitis (Diaper rash, Urushiol-induced contact dermatitis) - Erythroderma - Lichen simplex chronicus/Prurigo nodularis - Itch (Pruritus ani) - Nummular dermatitis - Dyshidrosis - Pityriasis alba Papulosquamous disorders Psoriasis (Psoriatic arthritis) - Parapsoriasis (Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta, Pityriasis lichenoides chronica, Lymphomatoid papulosis) - other pityriasis (Pityriasis rosea, Pityriasis rubra pilaris) - other lichenoid (Lichen planus, Lichen nitidus) Urticaria and erythema Urticaria: Dermatographic urticaria - Cholinergic urticaria Erythema multiforme/drug eruptions: Stevens-Johnson syndrome - Toxic epidermal necrolysis - Erythema nodosum Other erythema: Erythema annulare centrifugum - Erythema marginatum - Necrolytic migratory erythema - Erythema toxicum
Radiation-related disorders	Sunburn - Actinic keratosis - Polymorphous light eruption - Radiodermatitis - Erythema ab igne
Pigmentation disorder	hypopigmentation (Albinism, Vitiligo) - hyperpigmentation (Melasma, Freckle, Café au lait spot, Lentigo/Liver spot, Acanthosis nigricans)
Other	keratosis/hyperkeratosis (Seborrheic keratosis, Callus) - other epidermal thickening (Ichthyosis acquisita, Palmoplantar keratoderma) skin ulcer (Pyoderma gangrenosum, Bedsore) atrophic (Lichen sclerosus, Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans) necrobiosis (Granuloma annulare, Necrobiosis lipoidica) - other granuloma (Granuloma faciale, Pyogenic granuloma) vasculitis (Livedoid vasculitis, Erythema elevatum diutinum) Keloid - Systemic lupus erythematosus - Morphea - Calcinosis cutis - Sclerodactyly - Ainhum
Disorders of skin appendages	Nail Ingrown nail - Onychogryposis - Beau's lines - Yellow nail syndrome - Leukonychia Hair Hair loss Alopecia areata (Alopecia totalis, Alopecia universalis, Ophiasis) Androgenic alopecia - Hypotrichosis - Telogen effluvium - Traction alopecia - Lichen planopilaris - Trichorrhexis nodosa Other Hypertrichosis (Hirsutism) Acneiform eruption (Acne vulgaris, Chloracne, Blackhead) - Rosacea (Perioral dermatitis, Rhinophyma) follicular cysts (Epidermoid cyst, Sebaceous cyst, Steatocystoma multiplex) Pseudofolliculitis barbae - Hidradenitis suppurativa - Folliculitis Sweat glands eccrine (Miliaria, Anhidrosis) - apocrine (Body odor, Chromhidrosis, Fox-Fordyce disease)
see also congenital, neoplasia

v • d • e Symptoms and signs (R00-R69, 780-789)
Circulatory and respiratory systems	Tachycardia - Bradycardia - Palpitation - Heart murmur - Nosebleed - Hemoptysis - Cough - abnormalities of breathing (Dyspnea, Orthopnoea, Stridor, Wheeze, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, Hyperventilation, Mouth breathing, Hiccup, Bradypnea, Hypoventilation) - Chest pain - Asphyxia - Pleurisy - Respiratory arrest - Sputum - Bruit
Digestive system and abdomen	Abdominal pain - Acute abdomen - Nausea - Vomiting - Heartburn - Dysphagia - Flatulence - Burping - Fecal incontinence - Encopresis - Hepatomegaly - Splenomegaly - Hepatosplenomegaly - Jaundice - Ascites - Fecal occult blood - Halitosis
Skin and subcutaneous tissue	disturbances of skin sensation (Hypoesthesia, Paresthesia, Hyperesthesia) - Rash - Cyanosis - Pallor - Flushing - Petechia - Desquamation - Induration
Nervous and musculoskeletal systems	abnormal involuntary movements (Tremor, Spasm, Fasciculation, Athetosis) - Gait abnormality - lack of coordination (Ataxia, Dysmetria, Dysdiadochokinesia, Hypotonia) - Tetany - Meningism - Hyperreflexia
Urinary system	Dysuria - Vesical tenesmus - Urinary incontinence - Urinary retention - Oliguria - Polyuria - Nocturia
Cognition, perception, emotional state and behaviour	Anxiety - Somnolence - Coma - Amnesia (Anterograde amnesia, Retrograde amnesia) - Dizziness/Vertigo - smell and taste (Anosmia, Ageusia, Parosmia, Parageusia)
Speech and voice	speech disturbances (Dysphasia, Aphasia, Dysarthria) - symbolic dysfunctions (Dyslexia, Alexia, Agnosia, Apraxia, Acalculia, Agraphia) - voice disturbances (Dysphonia, Aphonia)
General symptoms and signs	Fever (Hyperpyrexia) - Headache - Chronic pain - Malaise - Fatigue - Fainting (Vasovagal syncope) - Febrile seizure - Shock (Cardiogenic shock) - Lymphadenopathy - Edema (Peripheral edema, Anasarca) - Hyperhidrosis (Sleep hyperhidrosis) - Delayed milestone - Failure to thrive - food and fluid intake (Anorexia, Polydipsia, Polyphagia) - Cachexia - Xerostomia - Clubbing

v • d • e WikiDoc Research Resources for Lymphadenopathy
Articles on Lymphadenopathy	Most recent articles on Lymphadenopathy • Most cited articles on Lymphadenopathy • Review articles on Lymphadenopathy • Articles on Lymphadenopathy in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ
Media (Slides, Video, Images, MP3) on Lymphadenopathy	Powerpoint slides on Lymphadenopathy • Images of Lymphadenopathy • Photos of Lymphadenopathy • Podcasts & MP3s on Lymphadenopathy • Videos on Lymphadenopathy
Evidence Based Medicine Regarding Lymphadenopathy	Cochrane Collaboration on Lymphadenopathy • Bandolier on Lymphadenopathy • TRIP on Lymphadenopathy
Cost Effectiveness of Lymphadenopathy	Cost Effectiveness of Lymphadenopathy
Clinical Trials Involving Lymphadenopathy	Ongoing Trials on Lymphadenopathy at Clinical Trials.gov • Trial results on Lymphadenopathy • Clinical Trials on Lymphadenopathy at Google
Guidelines / Policies / Government Resources (FDA/CDC) Regarding Lymphadenopathy	US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Lymphadenopathy • NICE Guidance on Lymphadenopathy • NHS PRODIGY Guidance • FDA on Lymphadenopathy • CDC on Lymphadenopathy
Textbook Information on Lymphadenopathy	Books and Textbook Information on Lymphadenopathy
Pharmacology Resources on Lymphadenopathy	Dosing of Lymphadenopathy • Drug interactions with Lymphadenopathy • Side effects of Lymphadenopathy • Allergic reactions to Lymphadenopathy • Overdose information on Lymphadenopathy • Carcinogenicity information on Lymphadenopathy • Lymphadenopathy in pregnancy • Pharmacokinetics of Lymphadenopathy •
Genetics, Pharmacogenomics, and Proteinomics of Lymphadenopathy	Genetics of Lymphadenopathy • Pharmacogenomics of Lymphadenopathy • Proteomics of Lymphadenopathy
Newstories on Lymphadenopathy	Lymphadenopathy in the news • Be alerted to news on Lymphadenopathy • News trends on Lymphadenopathy
Commentary on Lymphadenopathy	Blogs on Lymphadenopathy
Patient Resources on Lymphadenopathy	Patient resources on Lymphadenopathy • Discussion groups on Lymphadenopathy • Patient Handouts on Lymphadenopathy • Directions to Hospitals Treating Lymphadenopathy • Risk calculators and risk factors for Lymphadenopathy
Healthcare Provider Resources on Lymphadenopathy	Symptoms of Lymphadenopathy • Causes & Risk Factors for Lymphadenopathy • Diagnostic studies for Lymphadenopathy • Treatment of Lymphadenopathy
Continuing Medical Education (CME) Programs on Lymphadenopathy	CME Programs on Lymphadenopathy
International Resources on Lymphadenopathy	Lymphadenopathy en Espanol • Lymphadenopathy en Francais
Business Resources on Lymphadenopathy	Lymphadenopathy in the Marketplace • Patents on Lymphadenopathy
Informatics Resources on Lymphadenopathy	List of terms related to Lymphadenopathy

de:Lymphadenopathie fr:Adénopathie he:לימפדנופתיה id:Limfadenopati lt:Limfadenitas

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