Antimycin A
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| Antimycin A | |
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| Image:Antimycin A.svg | |
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| Molecular formula | C28H40N2O9 |
| Molar mass | 548.625 |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references | |
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Antimycin A is a chemical compound produced by streptomyces bacteria.
Uses
It is the active ingredient in Fintrol(R), a chemical piscicide (fish poison) used in fisheries management and in the catfish industry.
It is also used as an antibiotic.
Mechanism
Antimycin A functions by inhibiting the oxidation of ubiquinol in the electron transport chain, ultimately preventing the formation of ATP.
More specifically, Antimycin A binds to the Qi site of Complex III (the enzyme cytochrome c oxidoreductase), in the cytochrome b subunit.
The inhibition of Complex III by Antimycin A result in the formation of large quantities of the toxic free radical, Superoxide.
It has also been found to inhibit the cyclic electron flow within photosynthetic systems along the proposed ferredoxin quinone reductase pathway.
Antimycin blocks the flow of electrons from semiquinone to ubiquinone in the Q-cycle of complex III in oxidative phosphorylation. By doing so it inhibits the electron transport pathway thus preventing the consumption of oxygen (which occurs at Complex IV) and disrupting the proton gradient across the inner membrane. It is the disruption of the proton gradient that prevents the production of ATP as protons are unable to flow through the ATP synthase complex.
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Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
