Arenavirus
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| Arenavirus | ||||||
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| Image:Lassa virus virions TEM 8699 lores.jpg Lassa virus virions
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Please Take Over This Page and Apply to be Editor-In-Chief for this topic: There can be one or more than one Editor-In-Chief. You may also apply to be an Associate Editor-In-Chief of one of the subtopics below. Please mail us [1] to indicate your interest in serving either as an Editor-In-Chief of the entire topic or as an Associate Editor-In-Chief for a subtopic. Please be sure to attach your CV and or biographical sketch. Arenavirus is a genus of virus. The type species is Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV); it also includes the species responsible for Lassa fever.
Arena comes from the Latin root meaning sand.
Arenaviruses can be divided into two serogroups, which differ genetically and by geographical distribution:
- LCMV-Lassa virus (Old World) complex:
- Ippy virus
- Lassa virus
- Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus
- Mobala virus
- Mopeia virus
- Tacaribe virus (New World) complex:
- Amapari virus
- Flexal virus
- Guanarito virus
- Junin virus
- Latino virus
- Machupo virus
- Oliveros virus
- Paraná virus
- Pichinde virus
- Pirital virus
- Sabiá virus
- Tacaribe virus
- Tamiami virus
- Whitewater Arroyo virus
Some arenaviruses are zoonotic pathogens and are generally associated with rodent-transmitted disease in humans. Each virus usually is associated with a particular rodent host species in which it is maintained. The virus particles are spherical and have an average diameter of 110-130 nanometers. All are enveloped in a lipid membrane. Viewed in cross-section, they show grainy particles that are ribosomes acquired from their host cells. It is this characteristic that gave them their name, derived from the Latin "arena," which means "sandy." Their genome, or genetic material, is composed of RNA only, and while their replication strategy is not completely understood, we know that new viral particles, called virions, are created by budding from the surface of their hosts’ cells.
| Virus | Disease | Vector | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus | Lymphocytic choriomeningitis | House mouse | Worldwide |
| Lassa virus | Lassa fever | Rat (Mastomys natalensis) | West Africa |
| Junin virus | Argentine hemorrhagic fever | Corn mouse (Calomys musculinus) | Argentina |
| Machupo virus | Bolivian hemorrhagic fever | Vesper mouse (Calomys callosus) | Bolivia |
| Guanarito virus | Venezuelan hemorrhagic fever | Cane mouse (Zygodontomys brevicauda) | Venezuela |
| Sabiá virus | Brazilian hemorrhagic fever | Unknown | Brazil |
| Tacaribe virus | Bat (Artibeus) | Trinidad | |
| Flexal virus | Influenza-like illness | Rice rat (Oryzomys) | Brazil |
| Whitewater Arroyo virus | Hemorrhagic fever | Woodrat (Neotoma) | Southwestern USA |
External links
- Detailed genomic and bioinformatic information about Arenaviridae at NIH-funded database.de:Arenaviridaefr:Arenaviridae
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
