Bartonellosis
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| Bartonellosis Classification and external resources | |
| ICD-10 | A44 |
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| ICD-9 | 088.0 |
| DiseasesDB | 1249 |
| eMedicine | med/212 |
| MeSH | D001474 |
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Bartonellosis (also known as Carrion's disease or Oroya fever) is a rare infectious disease found only in certain regions of the Andes mountains of South America. Endemic in some areas of Peru,[1] bartonellosis is caused by infection with the bacterium Bartonella bacilliformis and transmitted by sandflies of genus Lutzomyia. Bartonellosis has been recently found in the United States as well as in Canada.
Pathophysiology
Bartonellosis is usually characterized by an acute stage with primarily vascular effects and a chronic stage associated with skin symptoms. In the acute stage (also known as Oroya fever or Fiebre de la Oroya), bartonellosis is a sudden, potentially life-threatening illness associated with high fever and decreased levels of circulating red blood cells (i.e., hemolytic anemia). The acute phase typically lasts two-to-four weeks. Peripheral blood smears shows anisomacrocytosis with many bacilli adherent to red blood cells. Thrombocytopenia is also seen and can be very severe. Neurologic involvement is sometimes seen (neurobartonellosis) and the prognosis in this case is very guarded. It can present as spinal meningitis or as paralysis. In the acute stage, the most feared complication is fulminant Salmonella superinfection: for this reason chloramphenicol is the preferred antibiotic treatment.
The chronic manifestation—Verruga Peruana—consists of a benign skin eruption with raised, reddish-purple nodules (angiomatous tumours). Visualization is possible using a silver stain (the Warthin–Starry method).
Untreated, bartonellosis has a death rate of about 40%.
History
The disease was named after Dr. Alcides Carrión of Cerro de Pasco, Peru. Carrión described the disease after being infected on his request by Doctor Evaristo M. Chávez, a close friend and coworker in Dos de Mayo National Hospital. Carrión kept a meticulous clinical history until he was not able to do so because of the high fever. Carrión proved that "Fiebre de la Oroya" and "Verruga Peruana" were two stages of the same disease, not two different ones as thought at the time.
Dr Carrion had infected himself from the pus in the purple lesion in a bart No. 1 subspecies (bartonellosis) patient in 1885. He died from the disease several weeks later. Bart "1" is considered the most deadly bart to date..rarely killing in late chronic stage but in early stage some studies show a death rate of up to 90%. He was able to show the 2 disease stages where in fact 1 sole disease. He gave his life for us, and it led to the discovery of many more (23 subspecies to date) of bartonella. Although his work didn't save anyone at that time, he surely got the ball rolling. On his honor, we shall be forever grateful for his efforts on this disease.
The causative bacterial agent of bartonellosis was discovered by Alberto Barton in 1905, but it was not published until 1909. Barton originally identified them as endoglobular structures, which actually were the bacteria living inside red blood cells. Until 1993, the Bartonella genus contained only one species; there are now 23 identified species, all of them within family Bartonellaceae.[1]
References
External links
WikiDoc Research Resources for Bartonellosis (Click show to right to view) | |
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| Articles on Bartonellosis | Most recent articles on Bartonellosis • Most cited articles on Bartonellosis • Review articles on Bartonellosis • Articles on Bartonellosis in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ |
| Media (Slides, Video, Images, MP3) on Bartonellosis | Powerpoint slides on Bartonellosis • Images of Bartonellosis • Photos of Bartonellosis • Podcasts & MP3s on Bartonellosis • Videos on Bartonellosis |
| Evidence Based Medicine Regarding Bartonellosis | Cochrane Collaboration on Bartonellosis • Bandolier on Bartonellosis • TRIP on Bartonellosis |
| Cost Effectiveness of Bartonellosis | Cost Effectiveness of Bartonellosis |
| Clinical Trials Involving Bartonellosis | Ongoing Trials on Bartonellosis at Clinical Trials.gov • Trial results on Bartonellosis • Clinical Trials on Bartonellosis at Google |
| Guidelines / Policies / Government Resources (FDA/CDC) Regarding Bartonellosis | US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Bartonellosis • NICE Guidance on Bartonellosis • NHS PRODIGY Guidance • FDA on Bartonellosis • CDC on Bartonellosis |
| Textbook Information on Bartonellosis | Books and Textbook Information on Bartonellosis |
| Pharmacology Resources on Bartonellosis | Dosing of Bartonellosis • Drug interactions with Bartonellosis • Side effects of Bartonellosis • Allergic reactions to Bartonellosis • Overdose information on Bartonellosis • Carcinogenicity information on Bartonellosis • Bartonellosis in pregnancy • Pharmacokinetics of Bartonellosis • |
| Genetics, Pharmacogenomics, and Proteinomics of Bartonellosis | Genetics of Bartonellosis • Pharmacogenomics of Bartonellosis • Proteomics of Bartonellosis |
| Newstories on Bartonellosis | Bartonellosis in the news • Be alerted to news on Bartonellosis • News trends on Bartonellosis |
| Commentary on Bartonellosis | Blogs on Bartonellosis |
| Patient Resources on Bartonellosis | Patient resources on Bartonellosis • Discussion groups on Bartonellosis • Patient Handouts on Bartonellosis • Directions to Hospitals Treating Bartonellosis • Risk calculators and risk factors for Bartonellosis |
| Healthcare Provider Resources on Bartonellosis | Symptoms of Bartonellosis • Causes & Risk Factors for Bartonellosis • Diagnostic studies for Bartonellosis • Treatment of Bartonellosis |
| Continuing Medical Education (CME) Programs on Bartonellosis | CME Programs on Bartonellosis |
| International Resources on Bartonellosis | Bartonellosis en Espanol • Bartonellosis en Francais |
| Business Resources on Bartonellosis | Bartonellosis in the Marketplace • Patents on Bartonellosis |
| Informatics Resources on Bartonellosis | List of terms related to Bartonellosis |
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Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
