Glucuronidase

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glucuronidase, beta
Identifiers
Symbol	GUSB
Entrez	2990
HUGO	4696
OMIM	253220
RefSeq	NM_000181
UniProt	P08236
Other data
EC number	3.2.1.31
Locus	Chr. 7 q22

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Glucuronidases are enzymes that separate glucoronic acid molecules from other molecules by cutting glycosidic bonds. They are thus classified as glycoside hydrolases that cleave glucuronides.

In eukaryotes, glucuronidase is located in lysosomes and plays an important role in recycling cellular components by cleaving glucuronide moieties from proteins. Glucuronidase exhibits both endo-glycosidase and exo-glycosidase activities, meaning that it can cleave monosaccharides from the middle of a chain or from the end.

Preparations of beta-glucuronidase from the snail Helix pomatia are commercially available and referred to by the trademark Glusulase. These enzymes preparations are used to digest the ascus of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae after sporulation.

E. coli is among the few bacteria that can synthezise glucuronidase, and this trait is commonly used to identify the bacterium.

Pathology

Sly syndrome is an inherited disease in which a genetic defect leads to a deficiency in glucuronidase. This results in numerous symptoms because of the accumulation of complex carbohydrates in many tissues and organs of the body.

Use as reporter gene

In molecular biology, beta-glucuronidase is used as a reporter gene to monitor gene expression. Monitoring glucuronidase activity using a so-called GUS assay allows determination of the spatial and temporal expression of the gene being monitored. The beta-glucuronidase enzyme transforms certain substrates into colored or fluorescent products which can then be observed and measured.

External links

• MeSH Glucuronidase
• Updated research on reporter glucuronidase and other reporters from Reportergene

v • d • e Hydrolase: sugar hydrolases (EC 3.2)
3.2.1: Glycoside hydrolases	Amylase (Alpha-Amylase) - Chitinase - Lysozyme - Neuraminidase - Galactosidases (Alpha, Beta) - alpha-Mannosidase - Glucuronidase - Hyaluronidase - Pullulanase - Glucocerebrosidase - Galactosylceramidase - Alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase - Fucosidase - Hexosaminidase - Iduronidase - Disaccharidase (Sucrase/Sucrase-isomaltase/Invertase, Maltase, Trehalase, Lactase) - Glucosidases (Cellulase, Alpha-glucosidase, Beta-glucosidase, Debranching enzyme)
3.2.2: Hydrolysing N-Glycosyl compounds	DNA glycosylases: Oxoguanine glycosylase

v • d • e Carbohydrate metabolism: glycosaminoglycan metabolism enzymes
Anabolism	L-xylulose reductase - L-gulonolactone oxidase - UDP-glucuronate 5'-epimerase - Xylosyltransferase - Sulfotransferase
Catabolism: Hunter, Hurler	Iduronate-2-sulfatase - Iduronidase
Catabolism: Sanfilippo, Sly	Heparan sulfamidase - N-acetyltransferase - Alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase - Glucuronidase - N-acetylglucosamine-6-sulfatase
Catabolism: Morquio/Maroteaux-Lamy	Arylsulfatase B - Galactosamine-6 sulfatase - Beta-galactosidase

de:Glucuronidase

fr:Glucuronidase ja:Β-グルクロニダーゼ

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Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content

Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .