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A bifid rib or bifurcated rib or sternum bifidum is a congenital abnormality occurring in about 1.2% of the population. Bifid ribs occur in up to 8.4% of Samoans.[citation needed] The sternal end of the rib is cleaved into two. It is usually unilateral.
Effects of this neuroskeletal anomaly can include respiratory difficulties, neurological difficulties, limitations,and limited energy from the stress of needing to compensate for the neurophysiological difficulties, but bifid ribs are usually asymptomatic. They are often incidentally discovered by chest x-ray.
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| Congenital malformations and deformations of musculoskeletal system (Q65-Q79, 754-756) |
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| Limbs | hip: Dislocation of hip/Hip dysplasia - Upington disease
feet (Club foot, Flat feet, Pes cavus)
systemic dislocations Larsen syndrome
head, face, spine and chest: skull, face and jaw (Dolichocephaly, Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome, Plagiocephaly) - spine Scoliosis - chest (Pectus excavatum, Pectus carinatum)
any combination head, face, jaw, upper limb, lower limb, pelvis, dactyly Antley-Bixler syndrome - Schmitt Gillenwater Kelly syndrome
dactyly Polydactyly/Syndactyly (Webbed toes) - Cenani Lenz syndactylism
reduction deficits (Acheiropodia, Amelia, Ectrodactyly, Phocomelia)
upper limb (Cleidocranial dysostosis, Madelung's deformity, Sprengel's deformity, Wallis Zieff Goldblatt syndrome)
knee (Genu valgum, Genu varum)
other Arthrogryposis |
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| Skull and facial bones | Carpenter syndrome - Craniodiaphyseal dysplasia - Craniosynostosis (Scaphocephaly) - Crouzon syndrome - Hypertelorism - Macrocephaly - Oxycephaly - Platybasia - Saethre-Chotzen syndrome - Treacher Collins syndrome - Trigonocephaly |
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| Spine and bony thorax | Klippel-Feil syndrome - Spondylolisthesis - Cervical rib - Bifid rib |
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| Osteochondrodysplasia | developement of cartilage, tubular bones and spine: Achondrogenesis/Hypochondrogenesis - Boomerang dysplasia - Thanatophoric dysplasia - Short rib-polydactyly syndrome - Chondrodysplasia punctata (Rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata, Conradi-Hünermann syndrome), Achondroplasia (Hypochondroplasia, Osteosclerosis congenita) - Ellis-van Creveld syndrome - Otospondylomegaepiphyseal dysplasia - Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita - Osteogenesis imperfecta - McCune-Albright syndrome - Osteopetrosis - Metaphyseal dysplasia - Recessive multiple epiphyseal dysplasia - Hereditary multiple exostoses - Osteopoikilosis - Chondrodystrophy - Osteodystrophy - Atelosteogenesis, type II - Diastrophic dysplasia |
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| Other | abdominal wall (Congenital diaphragmatic hernia, Omphalocele, Gastroschisis, Prune belly syndrome) - Ehlers-Danlos syndrome |
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| See also non-congenital conditions (M, 710-739) |
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