Budesonide
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| Budesonide
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| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
| 16,17-(butylidenebis(oxy))-11,21-dihydroxy-, (11-β,16-α)-pregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | |
| ATC code | A07 D07AC09, R01AD05, R03BA02 |
| PubChem | |
| DrugBank | |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C25H34O6 |
| Mol. mass | 430.534 g/mol |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 100% (but large first pass effect) |
| Protein binding | 85-90% |
| Metabolism | Hepatic CYP3A4 |
| Half life | 2.0-3.6 hours |
| Excretion | Renal, Faecal |
| Therapeutic considerations | |
| Pregnancy cat. |
C(US) |
| Legal status | |
| Routes | Oral, Nasal, tracheal, rectal |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Phone:617-525-6884
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Budesonide is a glucocorticoid steroid for the treatment of asthma, non-infectious rhinitis (including hay fever and other allergies), and for treatment and prevention of nasal polyposis. Additionally, it is used for inflammatory bowel disease. It is marketed by AstraZeneca as a nasal inhalation with the brand name Rhinocort (in Denmark, as Rhinosol), as an oral inhalation with the brand name Pulmicort, and as an enema and a modified-release capsule with the brand name Entocort. It is also sold in combination with formoterol (Oxis) in a single inhaler, with the brand name Symbicort.
Pharmacology
Budesonide has a high first pass metabolism. It has efficacy in the terminal ileum and the right colon. Budesonide in comparison with prednisolone has been associated with fewer bone density losses and unlike other corticosteroids has little influence on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis which also limit the need of tapering before discontinuation. Overall, it has a lower incidence of systemic manifestations than similar medications.
Side Effects
Budesonide may cause:
- nose irritation or burning
- bleeding or sores in the nose
- lightheadedness
- upset stomach
- cough
- hoarseness
- dry mouth
In addition the following should be reported:
- Immediately if difficulty breathing or swelling of the face
- white patches in the throat, mouth, or nose
- irregular menstrual periods
- severe acne
Recall
Pulmicort inhalers were recalled in 2002 because there was concern that they may not always have provided the full dosage.
External links
Antidiarrheals, intestinal anti-inflammatory/anti-infective agents (A07) | |
|---|---|
| Intestinal anti-infectives | Antibiotics (Neomycin, Nystatin, Natamycin, Streptomycin, Polymyxin B, Paromomycin, Amphotericin B, Kanamycin, Vancomycin, Colistin, Rifaximin)
Sulfonamides (Phthalylsulfathiazole, Sulfaguanidine, Succinylsulfathiazole) other (Miconazole, Broxyquinoline, Acetarsol, Nifuroxazide, Nifurzide) |
| Intestinal adsorbents | Charcoal - Bismuth - Pectin - Kaolin - Crospovidone - Attapulgite - Diosmectite |
| Antipropulsives | Diphenoxylate - Opium - Loperamide - Difenoxin |
| Intestinal anti-inflammatory agents | corticosteroids acting locally (Prednisolone, Hydrocortisone, Prednisone, Betamethasone, Tixocortol, Budesonide, Beclometasone)
antiallergic agents, excluding corticosteroids (Cromoglicic acid) aminosalicylic acid and similar agents (Sulfasalazine, Mesalazine, Olsalazine, Balsalazide) |
| Antidiarrheal micro-organisms | Saccharomyces boulardii |
| Other antidiarrheals | Albumin tannate - Ceratonia - Racecadotril |
Decongestants and other nasal preparations (R01) | |
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| Topical: sympathomimetics, plain | Cyclopentamine - Ephedrine - Phenylephrine - Oxymetazoline - Tetryzoline - Xylometazoline - Naphazoline - Tramazoline - Metizoline - Tuaminoheptane - Fenoxazoline - Tymazoline - Epinephrine |
| Topical: antiallergic agents, excluding corticosteroids | Cromoglicic acid - Levocabastine - Azelastine - Antazoline - Spaglumic acid - Thonzylamine - Nedocromil - Olopatadine |
| Topical: corticosteroids | Beclometasone - Prednisolone - Dexamethasone - Flunisolide - Budesonide - Betamethasone - Tixocortol - Fluticasone - Mometasone furoate - Triamcinolone - Ciclesonide |
| Topical: other nasal preparations | Calcium hexamine thiocyanate - Retinol - Ipratropium bromide - Ritiometan - Mupirocin - Hexamidine - Framycetin |
| Systemic use: Sympathomimetics | Phenylpropanolamine - Pseudoephedrine - Phenylephrine |
Drugs for obstructive airway diseases: asthma/COPD (R03) | |
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| Adrenergics, inhalants | Short acting β2-agonists: Salbutamol/Levosalbutamol • Fenoterol • Terbutaline Long acting β2-agonists (LABA): Bambuterol • Clenbuterol • Formoterol • Salmeterol other: Epinephrine • Isoproterenol • Orciprenaline |
| Glucocorticoids | Beclometasone • Budesonide • Ciclesonide • Fluticasone • Mometasone |
| Anticholinergics | Ipratropium • Tiotropium |
| Mast cell stabilizers | Cromoglicate • Nedocromil |
| Xanthines | Aminophylline • Theobromine • Theophylline |
| Leukotriene antagonists | Montelukast • Pranlukast • Zafirlukast |
| Combination products | Budesonide/formoterol • Fluticasone/salmeterol • Ipratropium/salbutamol |
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
