Calcitriol
You don't need to be Editor-In-Chief to add or edit content to WikiDoc. You can begin to add to or edit text on this WikiDoc page by clicking on the edit button at the top of this page. Next enter or edit the information that you would like to appear here. Once you are done editing, scroll down and click the Save page button at the bottom of the page.
| |
| Calcitriol
| |
| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
| (1R,3S)- 5-[2-[(1R,3aR,7aS)-1- [(2R)-6-hydroxy-6-methyl-heptan-2-yl]- 7a-methyl-2,3,3a,5,6,7-hexahydro-1H- inden-4-ylidene]ethylidene]- 4-methylidene-cyclohexane-1,3-diol | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | |
| ATC code | A11 D05AX03 |
| PubChem | |
| DrugBank | |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C27H44O3 |
| Mol. mass | 416.64 g/mol |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | ? |
| Metabolism | Renal |
| Half life | 5–8 hours |
| Excretion | Renal |
| Therapeutic considerations | |
| Pregnancy cat. | |
| Legal status |
S4 (Au), POM (UK) |
| Routes | Oral, IV, topical |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Phone:617-525-6884
Please Join in Editing This Page and Apply to be an Editor-In-Chief for this topic: There can be one or more than one Editor-In-Chief. You may also apply to be an Associate Editor-In-Chief of one of the subtopics below. Please mail us [2] to indicate your interest in serving either as an Editor-In-Chief of the entire topic or as an Associate Editor-In-Chief for a subtopic. Please be sure to attach your CV and or biographical sketch.
For patient information, click here
Overview
Calcitriol (INN) (pronounced /ˌkælsɨˈtraɪɒl/, /ˌkælˈsɨtriːɒl/) or 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (abbreviated 1,25-(OH)2D3) is the active form of vitamin D found in the body (vitamin D3). It increases the absorption of calcium and phosphate from the gastrointestinal tract and kidneys and inhibits release of PTH.
Calcitriol is marketed under various trade names including Rocaltrol (Roche), Calcijex (Abbott) and Decostriol (Mibe, Jesalis).
Production and function
It is produced in the kidneys via 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 1-alpha-Hydroxylase by conversion from 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (calcidiol).
This is stimulated by a decrease in serum calcium and/or phosphate (PO43−), and an increase in parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. It increases blood calcium levels by increasing the absorption of calcium and phosphate from the gastrointestinal tract, increasing calcium and phosphate reabsorption in the kidneys and inhibiting the release of PTH.
Calcitriol is also commonly used as a medication in the treatment of hypocalcemia and osteoporosis.
Metabolism
Calcitriol becomes calcitroic acid through the action of 24-hydroxylase. Calcitroic acid is excreted in the urine.
Indications
Calcitriol is indicated for:[1]
- Treatment of hypocalcaemia – hypoparathyroidism, osteomalacia (adults), rickets (infants, children), renal osteodystrophy, chronic renal dialysis
- Treatment of osteoporosis
- Prevention of corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis
Calcitriol is also sometimes used topically in the treatment of psoriasis, however the evidence to support its efficacy is inconclusive.[2] The vitamin D analogue calcipotriol is more commonly used for psoriasis.
Adverse effects
The main adverse drug reaction associated with calcitriol therapy is hypercalcaemia – early symptoms include: nausea, vomiting, constipation, anorexia, apathy, headache, thirst, sweating, and/or polyuria). Compared to other vitamin D compounds in clinical use (cholecalciferol, ergocalciferol), calcitriol has a higher risk of inducing hypercalcaemia. However, such episodes may be shorter and easier to treat due to its relatively short half-life.[1]
See also
Additional images
 Calcitriol synthesis |
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Rossi S, editor. Australian Medicines Handbook 2006. Adelaide: Australian Medicines Handbook; 2006. ISBN 0-9757919-2-3
- ↑ Calcitriol. In: Klasco RK, editor. Drugdex system. vol 128. Greenwood Village (CO): Thomson Micromedex; 2006.
Vitamins (A11) | |
|---|---|
| Fat soluble | A: Retinol - Beta-carotene - Tretinoin - Alpha-carotene
D: 7-Dehydrocholesterol → Previtamin D3 → Cholecalciferol (D3) → Calcidiol → Calcitriol (active form) → Calcitroic acid; Ergosterol → Ergocalciferol (D2); (analogues: Dihydrotachysterol, Calcipotriol, Tacalcitol) E: Tocopherol - Tocotrienol K: Naphthoquinone - Phylloquinone/K1 - Menatetrenone/K2 |
| Water soluble: B vitamins | B1 (Thiamine, Sulbutiamine, Benfotiamine) - B2 (Riboflavin) - B3 (Niacin, Nicotinamide) - B5 (Pantothenic acid, Dexpanthenol, Pantethine) - B6 (Pyridoxine, Pyridoxal phosphate) - B7 (Biotin) - B9 (Folic acid) - B12 (Cyanocobalamin, Hydroxocobalamin, Methylcobalamin, Cobamamide) |
| Water soluble: other | C (Ascorbic acid) - Choline |
| see also enzyme cofactors | |
Antipsoriatics (D05) | |
|---|---|
| Topical: tars | Tar |
| Topical: antracens | Dithranol |
| Topical: psoralens | Trioxysalen - Methoxsalen |
| Topical: other | Fumaric acid - Calcipotriol - Calcitriol - Tacalcitol - Tazarotene |
| Systemic: psoralens | Trioxysalen - Methoxsalen - Bergapten |
| Systemic: retinoids | Etretinate - Acitretin |
dv:ކެލްސިޓްރިއޯލްmk:Калцитриол
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
