Calcium cyanamide
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| Calcium cyanamide | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name | Calcium cyanamide |
| Other names | Cyanamide calcium salt, Lime Nitrogen, UN 1403 |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | |
| EINECS number | |
| RTECS number | GS6000000 |
| SMILES | [Ca]=NC#N |
| InChI | InChI=1/CN2.Ca/c2-1-3;/q-2;+2 |
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | CaCN2 |
| Molar mass | 80.11 g.mol-1 |
| Appearance | White solid (Often gray or black from impurities) |
| Density | 2.29 g.cm-3 |
| Melting point |
1300 °C |
| Boiling point |
1150 °C (sublim.) |
| Solubility in water | Insoluble (decomp.) |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | Harmful (Xn) |
| NFPA 704 |
|
| R-phrases | R22, R37, |
| S-phrases | S22, S26, S36/37/39 |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references | |
Calcium cyanamide or CaCN2 is a calcium compound used as fertiliser, first synthesized in 1898 by Adolph Frank and Nikodem Caro. It is formed when calcium carbide reacts with nitrogen. It is commercially known as Nitrolim
- CaC2 + N2 → CaCN2 + C
The reaction takes place in large steel chambers. An electric carbon element heats the reactants to red heat. Nitrogen is pressurised at 2 atmospheres.
It crystalizes in hexagonal crystal system with space group R3m and lattice constants a = 3.67, c = 14.85 (.10-1 nm).[1]
Contents |
Uses
The main use of calcium cyanamide is in agriculture as a fertiliser. In contact with water it decomposes and liberates ammonia:
- CaCN2 + 3 H2O → 2 NH3 + CaCO3
It was used to produce sodium cyanide by fusing with sodium carbonate, which was used in cyanide process in gold mining:
- CaCN2 + Na2CO3 → 2 NaCN + CaO + O2
References
See also
External links
- NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards 0091
- History of calcium cyanamide
- Bioassay of Calcium Cyanamide for Possible Carcinogenicity (CAS No. 156-62-7)
- Entry at Classical EncyclopediaTemplate:Inorganic-compound-stub
de:Calciumcyanamid it:Calciocianammide ja:カルシウムシアナミド
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
