Alemtuzumab
You don't need to be Editor-In-Chief to add or edit content to WikiDoc. You can begin to add to or edit text on this WikiDoc page by clicking on the edit button at the top of this page. Next enter or edit the information that you would like to appear here. Once you are done editing, scroll down and click the Save page button at the bottom of the page.
| Image:Alemtuzumab Fab 1CE1.png | |
| Alemtuzumab?
| |
| Therapeutic monoclonal antibody | |
| Source | Human |
| Target | CD52 |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | ? |
| ATC code | L01 |
| PubChem | ? |
| DrugBank | |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C6468H10066N1732O2005S40 |
| Mol. mass | 145453.8 g/mol |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | ? |
| Metabolism | ? |
| Half life | ~288 hrs |
| Excretion | ? |
| Therapeutic considerations | |
| Pregnancy cat. |
B2(AU) |
| Legal status | |
| Routes | ? |
|
WikiDoc Resources for Alemtuzumab | |
|
Articles | |
|---|---|
|
Most recent articles on Alemtuzumab Most cited articles on Alemtuzumab | |
|
Media | |
|
Powerpoint slides on Alemtuzumab | |
|
Evidence Based Medicine | |
|
Clinical Trials | |
|
Ongoing Trials on Alemtuzumab at Clinical Trials.gov Clinical Trials on Alemtuzumab at Google
| |
|
Guidelines / Policies / Govt | |
|
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Alemtuzumab
| |
|
Books | |
|
News | |
|
Commentary | |
|
Definitions | |
|
Patient Resources / Community | |
|
Patient resources on Alemtuzumab Discussion groups on Alemtuzumab Patient Handouts on Alemtuzumab Directions to Hospitals Treating Alemtuzumab Risk calculators and risk factors for Alemtuzumab
| |
|
Healthcare Provider Resources | |
|
Causes & Risk Factors for Alemtuzumab | |
|
Continuing Medical Education (CME) | |
|
International | |
|
| |
|
Businness | |
|
Experimental / Informatics | |
Please Take Over This Page and Apply to be Editor-In-Chief for this topic: There can be one or more than one Editor-In-Chief. You may also apply to be an Associate Editor-In-Chief of one of the subtopics below. Please mail us [1] to indicate your interest in serving either as an Editor-In-Chief of the entire topic or as an Associate Editor-In-Chief for a subtopic. Please be sure to attach your CV and or biographical sketch.
Overview
Alemtuzumab (marketed as Campath or Campath-1H) is a monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and T-cell lymphoma.
Alemtuzumab targets CD52, a protein present on the surface of mature lymphocytes, but not on the stem cells from which these lymphocytes were derived. It is used as second line therapy for CLL. It was approved by the Food and Drug Administration for patients who have been treated with alkylating agents and who have failed fludarabine therapy.
A significant complication of therapy with alemtuzumab is that it significantly increases the risk for opportunistic infections, in particular, reactivation of cytomegalovirus.
Alemtuzumab is also used in some conditioning regimens for bone marrow transplantation and kidney transplantation. It is also used under clinical trial protocols for treatment of some autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis.
Description
Alemtuzumab is a recombinant DNA-derived humanized monoclonal antibody (Campath-1H) that is directed against the 21-28 kD cell surface glycoprotein, CD52.
Indications and Use
Alemtuzumab is indicated for the treatment of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) in patients who have been treated with alkylating agents and who have failed fludarabine therapy.
Contraindications and precautions
Alemtuzumab is contraindicated in patients who have active systemic infections, underlying immunodeficiency (e.g., seropositive for HIV), or known Type I hypersensitivity or anaphylactic reactions to Campath or to any one of its components.
Adverse reactions
Alemtuzumab has been associated with infusion-related events including hypotension, rigors, fever, shortness of breath, bronchospasm, chills, and/or rash. In post-marketing reports, the following serious infusion-related events were reported: syncope, pulmonary infiltrates, ARDS, respiratory arrest, cardiac arrhythmias, myocardial infarction and cardiac arrest. The cardiac adverse events have resulted in death in some cases.
History
The origins of alemtuzumab date back to Campath-1 which was derived from the mouse antibodies raised against human lymphocyte proteins by Herman Waldmann and colleagues.[1] The name "Campath" derives from the pathology department of Cambridge University.
Initially, Campath-1 was not ideal for therapy because patients could, in theory, react against the foreign rat protein determinants of the antibody. To circumvent this problem, Greg Winter and his colleagues humanised Campath-1, by extracting the hypervariable loops that had specificity for CD52 and grafted it onto a human antibody framework. This became known as Campath-1H and serves as the basis for alemtuzumab.[1]
References
External links
- Full Prescribing Information
- Mike Clark's Campath story
- From laboratory to clinic: the story of CAMPATH-1 (Geoff Hale and Herman Waldmann)
Humanized monoclonal antibodies ("-zu-") | |
|---|---|
| "-tuzu-" (tumor) | Alemtuzumab, Bevacizumab/Ranibizumab, Bivatuzumab mertansine, Cantuzumab mertansine, Dacetuzumab, Etaracizumab, Etaratuzumab, Gemtuzumab ozogamicin, Inotuzumab ozogamicin, Labetuzumab, Lintuzumab, Matuzumab, Nimotuzumab, Pertuzumab, Sibrotuzumab, Sontuzumab, Tacatuzumab tetraxetan, Trastuzumab, Tucotuzumab celmoleukin |
| "-lizu-" (immune system) | Aselizumab, Atlizumab, Apolizumab, Cedelizumab, Certolizumab pegol, Daclizumab, Eculizumab, Efalizumab, Epratuzumab, Erlizumab, Fontolizumab, Ibalizumab, Lebrilizumab, Mepolizumab, Natalizumab, Ocrelizumab, Omalizumab, Pascolizumab, Pexelizumab, Reslizumab, Rovelizumab, Ruplizumab, Siplizumab, Talizumab, Teplizumab, Tocilizumab, Toralizumab, Visilizumab |
| "-bazu-" (bacterial) | Tefibazumab |
| "-cizu-" (cardiovascular) | Bevacizumab, Tadocizumab |
| "-neuzu-" (nervous system) | Bapineuzumab |
| "-toxazu-" (toxin as target) | Urtoxazumab |
| "-vizu-" (viral infections) | Felvizumab, Motavizumab, Palivizumab, PRO 140 |
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
