Chlorambucil

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Chlorambucil
Systematic (IUPAC) name
4-[bis(2-chlorethyl)amino]benzenebutanoic acid
Identifiers
CAS number	305-03-3
ATC code	L01AA02
PubChem	2708
DrugBank	APRD00115
Chemical data
Formula	C14H19Cl2NO2
Mol. mass	304.212 g/mol
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	?
Metabolism	Hepatic
Half life	1.5 hours
Excretion	N/A
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.	D(US)
Legal status	℞ Prescription only
Routes	Oral

WikiDoc Resources for Chlorambucil
Articles
Most recent articles on Chlorambucil Most cited articles on Chlorambucil Review articles on Chlorambucil Articles on Chlorambucil in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ
Media
Powerpoint slides on Chlorambucil Images of Chlorambucil Photos of Chlorambucil Podcasts & MP3s on Chlorambucil Videos on Chlorambucil
Evidence Based Medicine
Cochrane Collaboration on Chlorambucil Bandolier on Chlorambucil TRIP on Chlorambucil
Clinical Trials
Ongoing Trials on Chlorambucil at Clinical Trials.gov Trial results on Chlorambucil Clinical Trials on Chlorambucil at Google
Guidelines / Policies / Govt
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Chlorambucil NICE Guidance on Chlorambucil NHS PRODIGY Guidance FDA on Chlorambucil CDC on Chlorambucil
Books
Books on Chlorambucil
News
Chlorambucil in the news Be alerted to news on Chlorambucil News trends on Chlorambucil
Commentary
Blogs on Chlorambucil
Definitions
Definitions of Chlorambucil
Patient Resources / Community
Patient resources on Chlorambucil Discussion groups on Chlorambucil Patient Handouts on Chlorambucil Directions to Hospitals Treating Chlorambucil Risk calculators and risk factors for Chlorambucil
Healthcare Provider Resources
Symptoms of Chlorambucil Causes & Risk Factors for Chlorambucil Diagnostic studies for Chlorambucil Treatment of Chlorambucil
Continuing Medical Education (CME)
CME Programs on Chlorambucil
International
Chlorambucil en Espanol Chlorambucil en Francais
Businness
Chlorambucil in the Marketplace Patents on Chlorambucil
Experimental / Informatics
List of terms related to Chlorambucil

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Overview

Chlorambucil (marketed as Leukeran by GlaxoSmithKline) is a chemotherapy drug that has been mainly used in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. It is a nitrogen mustard alkylating agent and can be given orally.

In the past, it has been used for treating some types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Waldenström macroglobulinemia, polycythemia vera, trophoblastic neoplasms, ovarian carcinoma. It also has been used as an immunosuppressive drug for various autoimmune and inflammatory conditions, e.g. nephrotic syndrome. Its current use is mainly for CLL as it is well tolerated by most patients, though this has been primarily replaced by fludarabine.^[1]

Side Effects

The IARC has found strong evidence that chlorambucil is itself a cancer agent, and listed it as such in its list 1.

Myelosuppression (anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia), or bone marrow suppression is the most commonly occurring side effect of chlorambucil. Withdrawn from the drug, this side effect may be reversible, but bone marrow failure can occur in rare cases.

Less commonly occurring side effects include:

• Gastrointestinal Distress (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and oral ulcerations).
• Central Nervous System: Seizures, tremors, muscular twitching, confusion, agitation, ataxia, and hallucinations.
• Skin reactions
• Hepatotoxicity
• Infertility

References

External links

• Leukeran (manufacturer's website)
• Chlorambucil (patient information)
• MedlinePlus's Drug Information

v • d • e Chemotherapeutic agents/Antineoplastic agents (L01)
Alkylating and alkylating-like agents	Nitrogen mustards: (Chlorambucil, Chlormethine, Cyclophosphamide, Ifosfamide, Melphalan, Bendamustine, Uramustine) Nitrosoureas:(Carmustine, Fotemustine, Lomustine, Streptozocin) Platinum (alkylating-like): (Carboplatin, Cisplatin, Oxaliplatin, Triplatin tetranitrate, Satraplatin) Alkyl sulfonates:(Busulfan, Treosulfan) Hydrazines:(Procarbazine, Dacarbazine, Temozolomide) Aziridines:(ThioTEPA)
Antimetabolites	Folic acid: (Aminopterin, Methotrexate, Pemetrexed, Raltitrexed). Purine:(Cladribine, Clofarabine, Fludarabine, Mercaptopurine, Pentostatin, Thioguanine) Pyrimidine:(Capecitabine, Cytarabine, Decitabine, Fluorouracil, Floxuridine, Gemcitabine)
Spindle poison/mitotic inhibitor	Taxane: (Docetaxel, Larotaxel, Paclitaxel). Vinca: (Vinblastine, Vincristine, Vindesine, Vinorelbine).
Cytotoxic/antitumor antibiotics	Anthracycline family: (Daunorubicin, Doxorubicin, Epirubicin, Idarubicin, Mitoxantrone, Pixantrone, Valrubicin) streptomyces (Actinomycin, Bleomycin, Mitomycin, Plicamycin) - Hydroxyurea
Topoisomerase inhibitors	Camptotheca: (Camptothecin, Topotecan, Irinotecan, Rubitecan), Podophyllum:(Etoposide, Teniposide)
CI monoclonal antibodies	Receptor tyrosine kinase (Cetuximab, Panitumumab, Trastuzumab) - CD20 (Rituximab, Tositumomab) - other (Alemtuzumab, Bevacizumab, Gemtuzumab)
Photosensitizers	Aminolevulinic acid, Methyl aminolevulinate, Porfimer sodium, Verteporfin
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors	Axitinib, Bosutinib, Cediranib, Dasatinib, Erlotinib, Gefitinib, Imatinib, Lapatinib, Lestaurtinib, Nilotinib, Semaxanib, Sorafenib, Sunitinib, Vandetanib
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor	Seliciclib
Other	retinoids (Alitretinoin, Tretinoin), Fusion protein (Aflibercept) - Altretamine, Amsacrine, Anagrelide, Arsenic trioxide, Asparaginase (Pegaspargase), Bexarotene, Bortezomib, Celecoxib, Denileukin diftitox, Elesclomol, Estramustine, Irofulven, Ixabepilone, Masoprocol, Mitotane, Oblimersen, Testolactone, Tipifarnib, Trabectedin

v • d • e WikiDoc Research Resources for Chlorambucil
Articles on Chlorambucil	Most recent articles on Chlorambucil • Most cited articles on Chlorambucil • Review articles on Chlorambucil • Articles on Chlorambucil in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ
Media (Slides, Video, Images, MP3) on Chlorambucil	Powerpoint slides on Chlorambucil • Images of Chlorambucil • Photos of Chlorambucil • Podcasts & MP3s on Chlorambucil • Videos on Chlorambucil
Evidence Based Medicine Regarding Chlorambucil	Cochrane Collaboration on Chlorambucil • Bandolier on Chlorambucil • TRIP on Chlorambucil
Cost Effectiveness of Chlorambucil	Cost Effectiveness of Chlorambucil
Clinical Trials Involving Chlorambucil	Ongoing Trials on Chlorambucil at Clinical Trials.gov • Trial results on Chlorambucil • Clinical Trials on Chlorambucil at Google
Guidelines / Policies / Government Resources (FDA/CDC) Regarding Chlorambucil	US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Chlorambucil • NICE Guidance on Chlorambucil • NHS PRODIGY Guidance • FDA on Chlorambucil • CDC on Chlorambucil
Textbook Information on Chlorambucil	Books and Textbook Information on Chlorambucil
Pharmacology Resources on Chlorambucil	Dosing of Chlorambucil • Drug interactions with Chlorambucil • Side effects of Chlorambucil • Allergic reactions to Chlorambucil • Overdose information on Chlorambucil • Carcinogenicity information on Chlorambucil • Chlorambucil in pregnancy • Pharmacokinetics of Chlorambucil •
Genetics, Pharmacogenomics, and Proteinomics of Chlorambucil	Genetics of Chlorambucil • Pharmacogenomics of Chlorambucil • Proteomics of Chlorambucil
Newstories on Chlorambucil	Chlorambucil in the news • Be alerted to news on Chlorambucil • News trends on Chlorambucil
Commentary on Chlorambucil	Blogs on Chlorambucil
Patient Resources on Chlorambucil	Patient resources on Chlorambucil • Discussion groups on Chlorambucil • Patient Handouts on Chlorambucil • Directions to Hospitals Treating Chlorambucil • Risk calculators and risk factors for Chlorambucil
Healthcare Provider Resources on Chlorambucil	Symptoms of Chlorambucil • Causes & Risk Factors for Chlorambucil • Diagnostic studies for Chlorambucil • Treatment of Chlorambucil
Continuing Medical Education (CME) Programs on Chlorambucil	CME Programs on Chlorambucil
International Resources on Chlorambucil	Chlorambucil en Espanol • Chlorambucil en Francais
Business Resources on Chlorambucil	Chlorambucil in the Marketplace • Patents on Chlorambucil
Informatics Resources on Chlorambucil	List of terms related to Chlorambucil

de:Chlorambucil

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Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content

Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .