Choroid
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| Choroid | |
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| Schematic cross section of the human eye; choroid is shown in purple. | |
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| Interior of anterior half of bulb of eye. (Choroid labeled at right, second from the bottom.) | |
| Latin | choroidea |
| Gray's | subject #225 1009 |
| Artery | short posterior ciliary arteries, long posterior ciliary arteries |
| MeSH | Choroid |
| Dorlands/Elsevier | c_32/12237606 |
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The choroid, also known as the choroidea or choroid coat, is the vascular layer of the eye lying between the retina and the sclera, with a thickness about 0.5 mm. The choroid provides oxygen and nourishment to the outer layers of the retina [3].
Along with the ciliary body and iris, the choroid forms the uveal tract. In humans and other primates, darkly colored melanin pigment in the choroid helps limit reflections within the eye that would potentially result in the perception of confusing images. Poor vision frequently results from lack of this pigmentation in human albinos. By contrast, the choroid of many other animals contains reflective materials that help to collect light in dim situations; this is one type of tapetum lucidum.
The red eye effect on photos is caused by the reflection of light from choroid. It appears red because of the choroid's blood vessels.
Layers
The structure of the choroid is generally divided into four layers:
- Haller's layer - outermost layer of the choroid consisting of larger diameter blood vessels
- Sattler's layer - layer of medium diameter blood vessels
- Choriocapillaris - layer of capillaries
- Bruch's membrane - innermost layer of the choroid
See also
Additional images
 Iris, front view. |
 The terminal portion of the optic nerve and its entrance into the eyeball, in horizontal section. |
 The interior of the posterior half of the left eyeball. |
External links
Sensory system - Visual system - Eye | |
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| Fibrous tunic (outer) | Conjunctiva • Sclera • Schlemm's canal • Trabecular meshwork • Limbus Cornea (Epithelium, Bowman's, Stroma, Descemet's, Endothelium) |
| Uvea (middle) | Choroid (Ciliary processes, Choriocapillaris, Bruch's membrane) • Iris (Stroma) • Pupil • Ciliary body |
| Retina (inner) | Macula • Fovea • Optic disc |
| Anterior segment | Anterior chamber • Aqueous humour • Posterior chamber • Lens |
| Posterior segment | Vitreous humour • Zonule of Zinn |
| Intraocular muscles | parasympathetic (Ciliary muscle, Iris sphincter muscle) • sympathetic (Iris dilator muscle) |
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
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