Chylothorax

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Chylothorax Classification and external resources
ICD-10	I89.8, J91.
ICD-9	457.8, 511.9
DiseasesDB	29612
eMedicine	med/381
MeSH	D002916

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A chylothorax is a type of pleural effusion. It results from lymphatic fluid accumulating in the pleural cavity.

Causes

Its cause is usually leakage from the thoracic duct or one of the main lymphatic vessels that drain to it. The most common causes are lymphoma and trauma caused by thoracic surgery. The effusion is characteristically white and milky in appearance and contains high levels of triglycerides.

In animals, chylothorax usually results from diseases that cause obstruction to the thoracic duct preventing lymph from draining normally into the venous system. Examples include tumors, heartworm disease, right sided cardiac failure, or idiopathic lymphangiectasia. The most effective form of treatment is surgical ligation of the thoracic duct combined with partial pericardectomy.^[1]

Differential Diagnosis

• Cirrhosis
• Congenital chylothorax
• Filariasis
• Iatrogenic
• Idiopathic
• Lymphoma
• Nonlymphomatous malignancies
• Nonsurgical penetrating trauma
• Tuberculosis ^{[1] [1]}

See also

• Pleural effusion

References

External links

• 00085 at CHORUS

v • d • e Cardiovascular disease: vascular disease - Circulatory system pathology (I60-I99, 430-459)
Cerebrovascular diseases	Intracranial hemorrhage: extra-axial (Epidural, Subdural, Subarachnoid) - Cerebral/Intra-axial (Intraventricular, Intraparenchymal) Stroke/Brain ischemia: Vertebrobasilar insufficiency (Subclavian steal syndrome) - TIA Carotid artery stenosis - Cerebral aneurysm - Binswanger's disease - Moyamoya disease Anterior spinal artery syndrome
Arteries, arterioles and capillaries	Arterial occlusive disease: Arteriosclerosis (Atherosclerosis, Intermittent claudication, Atheroma) - Renal artery stenosis - Fibromuscular dysplasia - Degos disease Peripheral vascular disease: Raynaud's phenomenon/Raynaud's disease - Erythromelalgia Aneurysm (Aortic/Abdominal aortic) - Dissection (Aortic, Carotid, Vertebral) - Pseudoaneurysm Arteritis (Aortitis) - Buerger's disease Arteriovenous fistula - Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia Nevus (Spider angioma)
Veins	Venous thrombosis/Phlebitis/Thrombophlebitis: Deep vein thrombosis - abdomen (May-Thurner syndrome, Portal vein thrombosis, Budd-Chiari syndrome, Renal vein thrombosis) - upper limb (Paget-Schroetter disease) - head (Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis) - Post-thrombotic syndrome Varicose veins: Varicocele - Gastric varices - Portacaval anastomosis (Hemorrhoid, Esophageal varices, Caput medusae) Superior vena cava syndrome - Venous ulcer
Arteries or veins	Vasculitis - Thrombosis - Embolism (Pulmonary embolism, Cholesterol embolism)
Lymphatic vessels/nodes	Lymphadenitis - Lymphedema - Lymphangitis
Blood pressure	Hypertension: Hypertensive heart disease - Hypertensive nephropathy - Secondary hypertension (Renovascular hypertension) Hypotension: Orthostatic hypotension
See also congenital (Q20-Q28, 745-747)

v • d • e Pathology of respiratory system (J, 460-519), respiratory diseases
Upper RT (including URTIs, Common cold)	Head sinuses: Sinusitis nose: Rhinitis (Vasomotor rhinitis, Atrophic rhinitis, Hay fever) - Nasal polyp - Deviated septum tonsil: Tonsillitis - Adenoid hypertrophy - Peritonsillar abscess Neck pharynx: Pharyngitis (Strep throat) larynx: Laryngitis - Croup - Laryngospasm - vocal folds: Vocal fold nodule - epiglottis: Epiglottitis trachea: Tracheitis - Tracheal stenosis
Lower RT/lung disease (including LRTIs)	Pneumonia Viral - Bacterial/Atypical pneumonia (Mycoplasma) - Fungal pneumonia (Pneumocystis pneumonia) - Parasitic pneumonia - Bronchopneumonia - Chemical pneumonia (Mendelson's syndrome) Bronchial/ obstructive Acute: Bronchitis (Acute, Chronic) - Bronchiolitis Chronic: Emphysema - COPD - Asthma (Status asthmaticus) - Diffuse panbronchiolitis - Bronchiectasis Interstitial/ restrictive External agents/ occupational lung disease Pneumoconiosis (Asbestosis, Baritosis, Bauxite fibrosis, Berylliosis, Caplan's syndrome, Chalicosis, Coalworker's pneumoconiosis, Siderosis, Silicosis, Byssinosis) Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (Bagassosis, Bird fancier's lung, Farmer's lung) Other ARDS - Pulmonary edema - Löffler's syndrome/Eosinophilic pneumonia - Respiratory hypersensitivity (Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis) Hamman-Rich syndrome - Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis Obstructive or restrictive Atelectasis - Bronchiolitis obliterans
Pleural cavity/mediastinum	Suppuration Empyema - Lung abscess Pleural disease/pleural effusion Hemothorax - Pneumothorax (Tension pneumothorax) - Hemopneumothorax - Hydrothorax - Chylothorax - Pleurisy Mediastinal disease Mediastinal emphysema - Mediastinitis
Other/general	Respiratory failure - Influenza - SARS - Idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis
see also congenital, neoplasia

v • d • e WikiDoc Research Resources for Chylothorax
Articles on Chylothorax	Most recent articles on Chylothorax • Most cited articles on Chylothorax • Review articles on Chylothorax • Articles on Chylothorax in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ
Media (Slides, Video, Images, MP3) on Chylothorax	Powerpoint slides on Chylothorax • Images of Chylothorax • Photos of Chylothorax • Podcasts & MP3s on Chylothorax • Videos on Chylothorax
Evidence Based Medicine Regarding Chylothorax	Cochrane Collaboration on Chylothorax • Bandolier on Chylothorax • TRIP on Chylothorax
Cost Effectiveness of Chylothorax	Cost Effectiveness of Chylothorax
Clinical Trials Involving Chylothorax	Ongoing Trials on Chylothorax at Clinical Trials.gov • Trial results on Chylothorax • Clinical Trials on Chylothorax at Google
Guidelines / Policies / Government Resources (FDA/CDC) Regarding Chylothorax	US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Chylothorax • NICE Guidance on Chylothorax • NHS PRODIGY Guidance • FDA on Chylothorax • CDC on Chylothorax
Textbook Information on Chylothorax	Books and Textbook Information on Chylothorax
Pharmacology Resources on Chylothorax	Dosing of Chylothorax • Drug interactions with Chylothorax • Side effects of Chylothorax • Allergic reactions to Chylothorax • Overdose information on Chylothorax • Carcinogenicity information on Chylothorax • Chylothorax in pregnancy • Pharmacokinetics of Chylothorax •
Genetics, Pharmacogenomics, and Proteinomics of Chylothorax	Genetics of Chylothorax • Pharmacogenomics of Chylothorax • Proteomics of Chylothorax
Newstories on Chylothorax	Chylothorax in the news • Be alerted to news on Chylothorax • News trends on Chylothorax
Commentary on Chylothorax	Blogs on Chylothorax
Patient Resources on Chylothorax	Patient resources on Chylothorax • Discussion groups on Chylothorax • Patient Handouts on Chylothorax • Directions to Hospitals Treating Chylothorax • Risk calculators and risk factors for Chylothorax
Healthcare Provider Resources on Chylothorax	Symptoms of Chylothorax • Causes & Risk Factors for Chylothorax • Diagnostic studies for Chylothorax • Treatment of Chylothorax
Continuing Medical Education (CME) Programs on Chylothorax	CME Programs on Chylothorax
International Resources on Chylothorax	Chylothorax en Espanol • Chylothorax en Francais
Business Resources on Chylothorax	Chylothorax in the Marketplace • Patents on Chylothorax
Informatics Resources on Chylothorax	List of terms related to Chylothorax

de:Chylothorax

nl:Chylothorax ja:乳び胸

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Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content

Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .