Cilostazol detailed information

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Cilostazol detailed information
Systematic (IUPAC) name
6-[4-(1-cyclohexyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)butoxy]- 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-quinolinone
Identifiers
CAS number	73963-72-1
ATC code	?
PubChem	2754
DrugBank	APRD00155
Chemical data
Formula	C20H27N5O2
Mol. mass	369.46 g/mol
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	?
Protein binding	95–98%
Metabolism	Hepatic (CYP2C19- and CYP3A4-mediated)
Half life	11–13 hours
Excretion	renal
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.	C(US)
Legal status
Routes	Oral

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Cilostazol (pronounced /sɨˈlɒstəzɒl/) is a medication used in the alleviation of the symptom of intermittent claudication in individuals with peripheral vascular disease. It is manufactured by Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co. under the trade name Pletal.

Although drugs similar to cilostazol have increased the risk of death in patients with congestive heart failure, studies of significant size have not addressed people without the disease.

Cilostazol is a selective cAMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor. It inhibits platelet aggregation and is a direct arterial vasodilator. Its main effects are dilation of the arteries supplying blood to the legs and decreasing platelet coagulation.

Usage

Cilostazol is approved for the treatment of intermittent claudication. The typical dose is 100 mg twice a day. The effects may take as much as 3 months to be evident.

Interactions and side effects

Drugs that interact with cilostazol include itraconazole, erythromycin, ketoconazole, diltiazem, and omeprazole. Grapefruit juice interacts with the drug; other citrus juices do not.

Possible side effects of cilostazol include headache, diarrhea, abnormal stools, increased heart rate, and palpitations.

Important note

Cilostazol, clearly effective for a debilitating condition whose current treatment is often inadequate, is a member of a pharmacologic class that is dangerous to people with severe heart failure and unstudied in other people. Cilostazol has been studied in people without heart failure, without evidence of harm, but much more data would be needed to determine that there is no risk at all. Although cilostazol would not be approvable for a trivial condition the Cardio-Renal Advisory Committee and FDA concluded that fully informed patients and physicians should be able to choose to use it to treat intermittent claudication. Patient and physician labeling will describe the basis for concern and the incomplete information available.^[1]

External links

• Supplementary information provided by Drug Digest

References

v • d • e Antithrombotics (thrombolytics, anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs) (B01)
Vitamin K antagonists	Acenocoumarol • Clorindione • Coumatetralyl • Dicumarol (Dicoumarol) • Diphenadione • Ethyl biscoumacetate • Phenprocoumon • Phenindione • Tioclomarol • Warfarin
Heparin group	Antithrombin III • Danaparoid • Heparin • Sulodexide • low molecular weight heparin (Bemiparin, Dalteparin, Enoxaparin, Nadroparin, Parnaparin, Reviparin, Tinzaparin)
Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors	Abciximab • Eptifibatide • Tirofiban
Other platelet aggregation inhibitors	Acetylsalicylic acid/Aspirin • Aloxiprin • Ditazole • Carbasalate calcium • Cloricromen • Dipyridamole • Indobufen • Picotamide • Triflusal • ADP receptor inhibitors (Clopidogrel, Ticlopidine, Prasugrel) • prostaglandin analogue (Beraprost, Prostacyclin, Iloprost, Treprostinil)
Enzymes	plasminogen activators (Alteplase/Reteplase/Tenecteplase, Streptokinase, Urokinase/Saruplase, Anistreplase) • other serine endopeptidases (Ancrod, Drotrecogin alfa/Protein C, Fibrinolysin) • Brinase
Direct thrombin inhibitors	Argatroban • Bivalirudin • Dabigatran • Desirudin • Hirudin • Lepirudin • Melagatran • Ximelagatran
Other antithrombotics	Apixaban • Defibrotide • Dermatan sulfate • Fondaparinux • Idraparinux • Otamixaban • Rivaroxaban
Non-medicinal	Citrate • EDTA • Oxalate

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Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content

Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .