Conductive hearing loss

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Conductive hearing loss Classification and external resources
Anatomy of the human ear.
ICD-10	H90.0-H90.2
ICD-9	389.0
DiseasesDB	3043
MeSH	D006314

Conductive hearing loss is a failure in the efficient conduction of sound waves through the outer ear, tympanic membrane (eardrum) or middle ears (ossicles). This type of hearing loss may occur in conjunction with sensorineural hearing loss or alone.

Causes of conductive hearing loss

External ear

Common

• Cerumen (earwax)
• Otitis externa

Uncommon

• Foreign body in the external auditory canal
• Exostoses
• Tumour of the of canal
• Congenital atresia

Middle ear

Common

• Acute otitis media
• Serous otitis media
• Tympanic membrane perforation

Uncommon

• Cholesteatoma
• Otosclerosis
• Middle ear tumour
• Temporal bone trauma

Differentiating conductive and sensorineuronal hearing loss

When a Weber test is carried out, sound localizes to the ear affected by the conductive loss. A Rinne test, in which air conduction is normally greater than bone conduction, is usually negative (abnormal), and shows higher greater bone conduction than air conduction.

Table 1. A table comparing sensorineural hearing loss to conductive

Criteria	Sensorineural hearing loss	Conductive hearing loss
Anatomical Site	Inner ear, cranial nerve VIII, or central processing centers	Middle ear (ossicular chain), tympanic membrane, or external ear
Weber Test	Sound localizes to normal ear	Sound localizes to affected ear (ear with conductive loss)
Rinne Test	Positive Rinne; Air conduction > Bone conduction (both air and bone conduction are decreased equally, but the difference between them is unchanged).	Negative Rinne; Bone Conduction > Air Conduction (Bone/Air Gap)

v • d • e Diseases of the ear and mastoid process (H60-H99, 380-389)
External ear	Otitis externa
Middle ear and mastoid	Otitis media - Mastoiditis (Bezold's abscess) - Cholesteatoma - Perforated eardrum
Inner ear	Otosclerosis - Balance disorder - Ménière's disease - Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo - Vestibular neuronitis - Vertigo - Labyrinthitis - Perilymph fistula
Hearing impairment	Conductive hearing loss - Sensorineural hearing loss - Presbycusis
Other	Tinnitus - Hyperacusis
See also congenital

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Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content

Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .