Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation

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WikiDoc Resources for Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation
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Evidence Based Medicine
Cochrane Collaboration on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation Bandolier on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation TRIP on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation
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Symptoms of Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation Causes & Risk Factors for Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation Diagnostic studies for Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation Treatment of Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation
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Editors in Chief: Eli Gelfand, M.D. and C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D.

Associate Editors in Chief: Arnoldas Giedrimas, M.D.

Overview

The diagnosis of a congenital anomaly in the coronary circulation is often may on coronary angiography, CMR, or CT angiography ^{[1] [1]}. Stress testing can be used to evaluate the functional risk of ischemia.

Specific Anomalies

Anomalous Origin of the Circumflex Artery

• The origin is from the posterior aortic sinus
• Retroaortic course
• Posterior AV groove course

Anomalous Right Coronary Artery

• Origin from left sinus of Valsalva
• Origin from the left anterior descending artery (LAD)
  • Can lead to MI, sudden cardiac death

Atypical origin of the Left Coronary Artery

The left coronary artery originates from the pulmonary artery in the Bland-White-Garland syndrome. This results in:

• Low perfusion pressure
• Hypoxemia
• May lead to coronary artery steal, and left to right shunt

Atypical origin of the Left Anterior Descending Artery (LAD)

• Aortic root
• Right sinus of Valsalva, Right Coronary Artery (RCA)
  • LAD course between aorta and PA may result in compression with exercise
  • This variant is associated with Tetralogy of Fallot

Atypical origin of LCx

• • Aortic root
  • R sinus of Valsalva, RCA
    • course posterior to L ventricle, generally benign

Tetralogy of Fallot

• • LAD may originate from RCA, courses across pulmonary outflow tract

Other Cogential Heart Diseases in which There Can Be An Anomalous Origin of the Coronary Arteries

• Transposition of the great arteries
• Double outlet right ventricle
• Truncus arteriosus

Myocardial Bridge

References:

Additional Reading

• Moss and Adams' Heart Disease in Infants, Children, and Adolescents Hugh D. Allen, Arthur J. Moss, David J. Driscoll, Forrest H. Adams, Timothy F. Feltes, Robert E. Shaddy, 2007 ISBN 0781786843
• Hurst's the Heart, Fuster V, 12th ed. 2008, ISBN 978-0-07-149928-6
• Willerson JT, Cardiovascular Medicine, 3rd ed., 2007, ISBN 978-1-84628-188-4

v • d • e Congenital malformations and deformations of circulatory system (Q20-Q28, 745-747)
Cardiac chambers and connections	Persistent truncus arteriosus - Double outlet right ventricle (Taussig-Bing syndrome) - Transposition of the great vessels (dextro, levo)
Cardiac septa	Ventricular septal defect - Atrial septal defect (Lutembacher's syndrome) - Atrioventricular septal defect (Ostium primum) - Tetralogy of Fallot - Eisenmenger's syndrome
Right: pulmonary and tricuspid valves	pulmonary valves (stenosis, insufficiency) - tricuspid valves (stenosis, atresia) - Ebstein's anomaly
Left: aortic and mitral valves	aortic valves (stenosis, insufficiency, bicuspid) - mitral valves (stenosis, regurgitation) - Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
Other congenital malformations of heart	Dextrocardia - Levocardia - Cor triatriatum
Great arteries	aorta (Patent ductus arteriosus, Aortic coarctation, Interrupted aortic arch, Overriding aorta, Aneurysm of sinus of Valsalva, Vascular ring) - Pulmonary atresia
Great veins	Persistent left superior vena cava - Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection - Scimitar syndrome
Other	Arteriovenous malformation (Cerebral arteriovenous malformation)
See also non-congenital conditions (I, 390-459)

v • d • e Circulatory system pathology (I, 390-459)
Hypertension	Hypertensive heart disease - Hypertensive nephropathy - Secondary hypertension (Renovascular hypertension)
Ischaemic heart disease	Angina pectoris (Prinzmetal's angina) - Myocardial infarction (heart attack) - Dressler's syndrome
Pulmonary circulation	Pulmonary embolism - Cor pulmonale
Pericardium	Pericarditis - Pericardial effusion - Cardiac tamponade
Endocardium/heart valves	Endocarditis - mitral valve (regurgitation, prolapse, stenosis) - aortic valve (stenosis, insufficiency) - pulmonary valve (stenosis, insufficiency) - tricuspid valve (stenosis, insufficiency)
Myocardium	Myocarditis - Cardiomyopathy (Dilated cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Loeffler endocarditis, Restrictive cardiomyopathy) - Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia
Electrical conduction system of the heart	Heart block: AV block (First degree, Second degree, Third degree) - Bundle branch block (Left, Right) - Bifascicular block - Trifascicular block Pre-excitation syndrome (Wolff-Parkinson-White, Lown-Ganong-Levine) - Long QT syndrome - Adams-Stokes syndrome - Cardiac arrest - Sudden cardiac death Arrhythmia: Paroxysmal tachycardia (Supraventricular, AV nodal reentrant, Ventricular) - Atrial flutter - Atrial fibrillation (Familial) - Ventricular fibrillation - Premature contraction (Atrial, Ventricular) - Ectopic pacemaker - Sick sinus syndrome
Other heart conditions	Heart failure - Cardiovascular disease - Cardiomegaly - Ventricular hypertrophy (Left, Right)
Cerebrovascular diseases	Stroke - Transient ischemic attack - Intracranial hemorrhage/cerebral hemorrhage: Extra-axial hemorrhage (Epidural hemorrhage, Subdural hemorrhage, Subarachnoid hemorrhage) Intra-axial hematoma (Intraventricular hemorrhages, Intraparenchymal hemorrhage) - Anterior spinal artery syndrome - Binswanger's disease - Moyamoya disease
Arteries, arterioles and capillaries	Atherosclerosis (Renal artery stenosis) - Aortic dissection/Aortic aneurysm (Abdominal aortic aneurysm) - Aneurysm - Raynaud's phenomenon/Raynaud's disease - Buerger's disease - Vasculitis/Arteritis (Aortitis) - Intermittent claudication - Arteriovenous fistula - Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia - Spider angioma - Dissection (Carotid artery, Vertebral artery)
Veins, lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes	Thrombosis/Phlebitis/Thrombophlebitis (Deep vein thrombosis, May-Thurner syndrome, Portal vein thrombosis, Venous thrombosis, Budd-Chiari syndrome, Renal vein thrombosis, Paget-Schroetter disease) - Varicose veins / Portacaval anastomosis (Hemorrhoid, Esophageal varices, Varicocele, Gastric varices, Caput medusae) - Superior vena cava syndrome - Lymph (Lymphadenitis, Lymphedema, Lymphangitis)
Other	Hypotension (Orthostatic hypotension) - Rheumatic fever
See also congenital (Q20-Q28, 745-747)

v • d • e WikiDoc Research Resources for Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation (Click show to right to view)
Articles on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation	Most recent articles on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation • Most cited articles on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation • Review articles on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation • Articles on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ
Media (Slides, Video, Images, MP3) on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation	Powerpoint slides on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation • Images of Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation • Photos of Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation • Podcasts & MP3s on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation • Videos on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation
Evidence Based Medicine Regarding Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation	Cochrane Collaboration on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation • Bandolier on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation • TRIP on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation
Cost Effectiveness of Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation	Cost Effectiveness of Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation
Clinical Trials Involving Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation	Ongoing Trials on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation at Clinical Trials.gov • Trial results on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation • Clinical Trials on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation at Google
Guidelines / Policies / Government Resources (FDA/CDC) Regarding Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation	US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation • NICE Guidance on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation • NHS PRODIGY Guidance • FDA on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation • CDC on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation
Textbook Information on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation	Books and Textbook Information on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation
Pharmacology Resources on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation	Dosing of Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation • Drug interactions with Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation • Side effects of Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation • Allergic reactions to Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation • Overdose information on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation • Carcinogenicity information on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation • Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation in pregnancy • Pharmacokinetics of Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation •
Genetics, Pharmacogenomics, and Proteinomics of Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation	Genetics of Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation • Pharmacogenomics of Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation • Proteomics of Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation
Newstories on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation	Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation in the news • Be alerted to news on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation • News trends on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation
Commentary on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation	Blogs on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation
Patient Resources on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation	Patient resources on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation • Discussion groups on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation • Patient Handouts on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation • Directions to Hospitals Treating Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation • Risk calculators and risk factors for Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation
Healthcare Provider Resources on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation	Symptoms of Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation • Causes & Risk Factors for Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation • Diagnostic studies for Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation • Treatment of Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation
Continuing Medical Education (CME) Programs on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation	CME Programs on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation
International Resources on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation	Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation en Espanol • Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation en Francais
Business Resources on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation	Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation in the Marketplace • Patents on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation
Informatics Resources on Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation	List of terms related to Congenital anomalies of the coronary circulation

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Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content

Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .