Co-receptor
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A co-receptor is a second cell surface receptor required for the entry of a pathogen into a host cell or initiation of a biological process. It is also a protein that increases the sensitivity of an antigen receptor to its antigen by binding to other ligands. From Lymphocyte Development (Pillai), a coreceptor is defined as a signaling receptor that directly associates with the very same antigen that is seen by the antigen receptor. As a result, an antigen may physically bring together an antigen receptor and a coreceptor. Signaling molecules associated with the coreceptor may "turn on" the antigen receptor.
Many antigens, including HIV, require a receptor/coreceptor complex in order to infect the target cell.
References
- Pillai S. 2000. Lymphocyte Development. Birkhäuser: Boston.
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
