Division (biology)
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- This article discusses categorisations of organisms. For a different meaning in biology, see cell division.
Division is a taxonomic rank in biological classification.
In botany and mycology, division refers to a rank equivalent to phylum. The use of either term is allowed under the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature, and both are commonly used in scientific literature.
The main divisions of land plants, in the order in which they probably evolved, are the liverworts (Division Marchantiophyta), the hornworts (Division Anthocerophyta), the mosses (Division Bryophyta), the ferns (Division Filicophyta), the horsetails (Division Sphenophyta), the cycads (Division Cycadophyta), the ginkgo (Division Ginkgophyta), the conifers (Division Pinophyta), the gnetophytes (Division Gnetophyta), and the angiosperms (Division Magnoliophyta). Angiosperms are the flowering plants that now dominate terrestrial ecosystems, comprising 80% of vascular plant species.
In zoology, the term division is applied to an optional rank subordinate to the infraclass and superordinate to the cohort. A widely used classification (e.g. Carroll 1988) recognises teleost fishes as a Division Teleostei within Class Actinopterygii (the ray-finned fishes). Less commonly (as in Milner 1988), living tetrapods are ranked as Divisions Amphibia and Amniota within the clade of vertebrates with fleshy limbs (Sarcopterygii).
References
- Carroll, Robert L. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution. New York: W.H. Freeman & Co. ISBN 0-716-7-1822-7.
- Milner, Andrew. 1988. "The relationships and origin of living amphibians." In M.J. Benton (ed.), The Phylogeny and Classification of the Tetrapods, Volume 1: Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds, pp. 59-102. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Taxonomic ranks
| ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Domain or | Magnorder | |||||||
| Superkingdom | Superphylum/Superdivision | Superclass | Superorder | Superfamily | Superspecies | |||
| Kingdom | Phylum/Division | Class | Order | Family | Tribe | Genus | Species | |
| Subkingdom | Subphylum | Subclass | Cohort | Suborder | Subfamily | Subtribe | Subgenus | Subspecies |
| Branch | Infraphylum | Infraclass | Legion | Infraorder | Alliance | Infraspecies | ||
| Microphylum | Parvclass | Parvorder | ||||||
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an:Dibisión (biolochía) ca:Divisió (biologia) cs:Oddělení (biologie) de:Abteilung (Biologie)eo:Divizio fr:Division (biologie) gl:División (botánica) hr:Odjeljak (taksonomija) id:Divisio lv:Nodalījums (bioloģija) lt:Skyriusfi:Kaari (biologia) sv:Division (biologi) uk:Відділ (біологія)
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
