Duodenum
You don't need to be Editor-In-Chief to add or edit content to WikiDoc. You can begin to add to or edit text on this WikiDoc page by clicking on the edit button at the top of this page. Next enter or edit the information that you would like to appear here. Once you are done editing, scroll down and click the Save page button at the bottom of the page.
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Phone:617-525-6884
Please Join in Editing This Page and Apply to be an Editor-In-Chief for this topic: There can be one or more than one Editor-In-Chief. You may also apply to be an Associate Editor-In-Chief of one of the subtopics below. Please mail us [2] to indicate your interest in serving either as an Editor-In-Chief of the entire topic or as an Associate Editor-In-Chief for a subtopic. Please be sure to attach your CV and or biographical sketch.
Overview
| Duodenum | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Duodenum is #6 | |
 | |
| Small intestine | |
| Gray's | subject #248 1169 |
| Artery | Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery, Superior pancreaticoduodenal artery |
| Vein | Pancreaticoduodenal veins |
| Nerve | celiac ganglia, vagus [1] |
| Precursor | Foregut (1st and 2nd parts), Midgut (3rd and 4th part) |
| MeSH | duodenum |
| Dorlands/Elsevier | d_30/12315518 |
|
WikiDoc Resources for Duodenum | |
|
Articles | |
|---|---|
|
Most recent articles on Duodenum | |
|
Media | |
|
Evidence Based Medicine | |
|
Clinical Trials | |
|
Ongoing Trials on Duodenum at Clinical Trials.gov Clinical Trials on Duodenum at Google
| |
|
Guidelines / Policies / Govt | |
|
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Duodenum
| |
|
Books | |
|
News | |
|
Commentary | |
|
Definitions | |
|
Patient Resources / Community | |
|
Directions to Hospitals Treating Duodenum Risk calculators and risk factors for Duodenum
| |
|
Healthcare Provider Resources | |
|
Causes & Risk Factors for Duodenum | |
|
Continuing Medical Education (CME) | |
|
International | |
|
| |
|
Businness | |
|
Experimental / Informatics | |
In anatomy of the digestive system, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube connecting the stomach to the jejunum. It is the first and shortest part of the small intestine and it is where most chemical digestion takes place. It begins with the duodenal bulb and ends at the ligament of Treitz. The name duodenum is from the Latin duodenum digitorum, twelve fingers' breadths or inches.
Function
The duodenum is largely responsible for the breakdown of food in the small intestine. Brunner's glands, which secrete mucus, are found in the duodenum. The duodenum wall is composed of a very thin layer of cells that form the muscularis mucosae. The duodenum is almost entirely retroperitoneal. The pH in the duodenum is approximately six.
Sections
The duodenum is divided into four sections for the purposes of description. The first three sections form a "C" shape.
First part
The first (superior) part began as a continuation of the duodenal end of the pylorus. From here it passes laterally (right), superiorly and posteriorly, for approximately 5 cm, before making a sharp curve inferiorly into the superior duodenal flexure (the end of the superior part). It is intraperitoneal.
Second part
The second (descending) part of the duodenum begins at the superior duodenal flexure. It passes inferiorly to the lower border of vertebral body L3, before making a sharp turn medially into the inferior duodenal flexure (the end of the descending part).
The pancreatic duct and common bile duct enter the descending duodenum, commonly known together as the hepatopancreatic duct (or pancreatic duct in the United States), through the major duodenal papilla. This part of the duodenum also contains the minor duodenal papilla, the entrance for the accessory pancreatic duct. The junction between the embryological foregut and midgut lies just below the major duodenal papilla.
Third part
The third (inferior/horizontal) part of the duodenum begins at the inferior duodenal flexure and passes transversely to the left, crossing the inferior vena cava, aorta and the vertebral column.
Fourth part
The fourth (ascending) part passes superiorly, either anterior to, or to the right of, the aorta, until it reaches the inferior border of the body of the pancreas. Then, it curves anteriorly and terminates at the duodenojejunal flexure where it joins the jejunum. The duodenojejunal flexure is surrounded by a peritoneal fold containing muscle fibres: the ligament of Treitz.
Additional images
 The celiac artery and its branches; the stomach has been raised and the peritoneum removed. |
 Superior and inferior duodenal fossæ. |
 Duodenojejunal fossa. |
 Interior of the stomach. |
 Section of duodenum of cat. X 60. |
 The pancreas and duodenum from behind. |
 Transverse section through the middle of the first lumbar vertebra, showing the relations of the pancreas. |
 The pancreatic duct. |
 Duodenum with amyloid deposition in lamina propria. |
 Region of pancreas |
 Stomach |
References
1. Please don't erase this: In an episode of Tak and the Power of Juju, Jibolba says, "Oh, my duodenum!" referring to his duodenum being hurt.
External links
ca:Duodèda:Tolvfingertarm de:Duodenumeo:Duodeno fa:دوازدهه fr:Duodénum hr:Dvanaesnik id:Usus dua belas jari it:Duodeno he:תריסריון la:Duodenum lt:Dvylikapirštė žarna hu:Patkóbél mk:Дванаесетпалечно црево nl:Twaalfvingerige darm ja:十二指腸 no:Tolvfingertarmen nn:Tolvfingertarmensimple:Duodenum sk:Dvanástnik sl:Dvanajstnik sr:Дванаестопалачно црево fi:Pohjukaissuoli sv:Tolvfingertarm
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
