Glomerular basement membrane

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Glomerular basement membrane
Glomerulus. (Diagram in French, but "Membrane basale glomerulaire et ses podocytes" labeled near center.)
MeSH	glomerular+basement+membrane
Dorlands/Elsevier	m_08/12522684

The glomerular basement membrane is the basal laminal portion of the glomerulus which performs the actual filtration though the filtration slits between the podocytes , separating the blood on the inside from the filtrate on the outside. It is a fusion of the endothelial cell and podocyte basal laminas. ^[1]

Layers

The GBM contains three layers: ^[2]

Layer	Location	Composition	Function
lamina rara externa	adjacent to podocyte processes	heparan sulfate	blocks by charge
lamina densa	dark central zone	type 4 collagen and laminin	blocks by size (MW > 69,000)
lamina rara interna	adjacent to endothelial cells	heparan sulfate	blocks by charge

Pathology

• Goodpasture's syndrome is also known as "anti-glomerular basement membrane disease". Capillaries become inflamed as a result of damage to the basement membrane by antibodies.

• Nephrotic syndrome is a change in the structure of the glomerular filtration mechanism usually in the glomerular basement membrane. Some symptoms include proteinuria, hypoalbuminaemia, oedema, and hyperlipidemia.

• Diabetic glomerulosclerosis is a thickening of the basement membrane, which can become up to 4-5 times thicker than normal. Can be caused by insulin deficiency or resultant hyperglycemia.

See also

• basement membrane
• nephrin

References

1. ↑ Physiology at MCG 7/7ch04/7ch04p07 - "Basement Membrane"
2. ↑ http://www.jci.org/cgi/content/full/116/8/2090/F1

External links

• MeSH glomerular+basement+membrane
• "The GBM and its disorders" at dmed.ed.ac.uk
• Histology at harvard.edu
• Structure at wramc.army.mi

v • d • e Urinary system - Kidney
Layers	Renal fascia • Renal capsule • Renal cortex  (Renal column) • Renal medulla (Renal sinus, Renal pyramids, medullary interstitium) • Renal lobe • Cortical lobule • Medullary ray • Nephron
Afferent circulation	Renal artery → Segmental arteries → Interlobar arteries → Arcuate arteries → Cortical radial arteries → Afferent arterioles → Renal corpuscle (Glomerulus, Bowman's capsule)
Renal tubule	Proximal tubule → Loop of Henle (Descending, Thin ascending, Thick ascending) → Distal convoluted tubule → Connecting tubule → Collecting ducts → Duct of Bellini → Renal papilla → Minor calyx → Major calyx → Renal pelvis → Ureter
Efferent circulation	Glomerulus → Efferent arterioles → Peritubular capillaries/Vasa recta → Arcuate vein → Interlobar veins → Renal vein
Juxtaglomerular apparatus	Macula densa • Juxtaglomerular cells • Extraglomerular mesangial cell
Filtration	Glomerular basement membrane • Podocyte • Filtration slits • Intraglomerular mesangial cell • Tubular fluid
Renal physiology	Acid base physiology • Fluid balance

Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content

Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .