Glycolipid
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They occur where a carbohydrate chain is associated with phospholipids on the exoplasmic surface of the cell membrane. The carbohydrates are found on the outer surface of all eukaryotic cell membranes.
They extend from the phospholipid bilayer into the aqueous environment outside the cell where it acts as a recognition site for specific chemicals as well as helping to maintain the stability of the membrane and attaching cells to one another to form tissues.
Types of glycolipids
The following is an incomplete listing of glycolipid types.
- Galactolipids
- Sulfolipids (SQDG)
- Glycosphingolipids
- Cerebrosides
- Gangliosides (the most complex animal glycolipids; contain negatively charged oligosacchrides with one or more sialic acid residues; more than 40 different gangliosides have been identified; they are most abundant in nerve cells)
- Globosides
- Sulfatides
- Glycophosphosphingolipids (complex glycophospholipids from fungi, including yeasts, and in plants, where they were originally called "phytoglycolipids" by Herbert Carter, et al., may comprise as complicated a set of compounds as the negatively charged gangliosides in animals. The head group of a glycolipid is composed of sugars.
See also
External links
Lipids and glycolipids: sphingolipids and glycosphingolipids | |
|---|---|
| Ceramide | Cerebroside (Galactocerebroside, Glucocerebroside) - Globoside |
| Ganglioside | GM1 - GM2 - GD2 |
| Other | Sphingomyelin - Sulfatide |
de:Glycolipidefr:Glycolipide ja:糖脂質th:ไกลโคไลปิดfi:Glykolipidi sv:Glykolipid
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Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
