HLA-A31

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major histocompatibility complex (human), class I, A31
Alleles	A*3101 A*3102 A*3103
Structure (See HLA-A)
Identifiers	3101 3102 3103
Symbol(s)	HLA-A
EBI-HLA	A*3101
EBI-HLA	A*3102
EBI-HLA	A*3103
Shared data
Locus	chr.6 6p21.31

HLA-A31 (A31) is an HLA-A serotype. The serotype identifies the more common HLA-A*31 gene products. A31 is a split antigen of the A19 broad antigen serotype group. It is similar to the antigens A29, 30, A32,A33, and A74. A31 is more common in Japan, Siberia and Indigenous Americans. It is also more frequent in NE Europe than SW Europe.

Serotype

A31 serotype recognition of Some HLA A*31 allele-group gene products^[1]

A*31	A31	A19	Sample
allele	%	%	size (N)
3101	90	1	3517
3102	100		11

There is substantive cross reaction of A30 with A*3101, otherwise serological identification is good.

A*31 alleles

A*310102

HLA A*3101 frequencies

		freq
ref.	Population	(%)
[2]	Toba Rosario (Argentina )	36.0
[2]	Navajo, Canoncito (USA)	26.8
[2]	Chiriguanos (Argentina)	26.4
[2]	Nadar (Tamil Nadu, India)	18.9
[2]	Tarasco (Michoacan, Mexico)	18.4
[2]	Terena (indig. Brazil)	18.3
[2]	Lakota Sioux (USA)	18.1
[2]	Seri (Sonora, Mexico)	15.2
[2]	Hyogo (Japan)	14.1
[2]	Mestizos (Colombia)	13.3
[2]	Golla (Andhra Pradesh, India)	13.1
[2]	Teenek Huasteca Region (Mexico)	12.1
[2]	Ainu (Hokkaido, Japan)	12.0
[2]	Mayans (Guatemala)	10.9
[2]	Hyogo-Osaka-Nagano (Japan)	10.3
[2]	Lama (Lamas, Peru)	10.2
[2]	Tarahumara (Chihuahua, Mexico)	10.2
[2]	Tuva (Russia)	9.8
[2]	Japan(5)	9.3
[2]	Tibetian	9.2
[2]	Khalkha (Mongolia)	8.5
[2]	Naxi (Yunnan, China)	8.3
[2]	Mestizos (Guadalajara, Mexico)	8.3
[2]	Okinawa (Ryukyu, Japan)	8.1
[2]	Indig American (USA)	7.8
[2]	Japan Aichi	7.6
[2]	Pima (Indig American)	7.6
[2]	Buriat (Mongolia)	7.5
[2]	Central Japan	7.1
[2]	North Han (China)	7.1
[2]	Mixtec (Oaxaca, Mexico)	6.9
[2]	Zaptotec (Oaxaca, Mexico)	6.7
[2]	North Delhi (India )	6.0
[2]	Pawra (Khandesh,India)	6.0
[2]	Yucpa (Perija Mtns, Venezuela)	5.8
[2]	South Korea (3)	5.4
[2]	Inner Mongolia (China)	5.4
[2]	Madang (PNG)	5.1
[2]	Finland	5.0
[2]	Nivkhi (Sakhalin, Russia)	4.7
[2]	South East France	4.7
[2]	Sindhi (Pakistan)	4.4
[2]	Marathas (Mumbai, India)	4.3
[2]	Belgium	4.2
[2]	Kalash (Pakistan)	4.2
[2]	central Portugal	4.0
[2]	Uppsala (Sweden)	3.8
[2]	Toto (Jalpaiguri,India)	3.8
[2]	China(Beijing)	3.7
[2]	Essen (W. German)	3.6
[2]	Lusaka Zambia	3.5
[2]	Girona (Catalonia Spain )	3.4
[2]	Wales (Gr. Britain)	3.0
[2]	Croatia	3.0
[2]	Karimui (PNG)	3.0
[2]	New Delhi India	3.0
[2]	Basque (Gipuzkoa, Spain )	3.0
[2]	Sudanese	3.0
[2]	Yuendumu (indig. Austr.)	2.9
[2]	Czech Republic	2.8
[2]	Thailand	2.8
[2]	China South Han	2.8
[2]	Northern Ireland	2.6
[2]	Oman	2.5
[2]	Kampala (Uganda)	2.5
[2]	Yunnan Nu (China)	2.5
[2]	Mestizos (Mexico)	2.4
[2]	New Caledonia	2.4
[2]	Romanian	2.3
[2]	Burusho (Pakistan )	2.2
[2]	Baloch (Iran)	2.2
[2]	Berbers (Morocco)	2.1
[2]	Wanigela (PNG)	2.1
[2]	Siraya (Indig. Taiwan)	2.0
[2]	W. Coast Parsis (India)	2.0
[2]	North Hindus (India )	1.9
[2]	Svans (Georgia)	1.9
[2]	Bulgaria	1.8
[2]	Kurds (Georgia)	1.7
[2]	Amman Jordan	1.7
[2]	Pathan (Pakistan)	1.5
[2]	Tunisia	1.5
[2]	Northeast Thailand	1.4
[2]	Yup'ik (Inuit Alaska)	1.2
[2]	Yaounde (Cameroon )	1.1
[2]	Saomi (Murmansk Russia)	1.0
[2]	Tibilisi Georgia	1.0
[2]	Eastern Andalusia (Spain )	1.0
[2]	Baloch (Pakistan)	0.8
[2]	Groote Eylandt (Indig. Austr.)	0.7
[2]	Druse (Arab, Isreal)	0.5
[2]	Kenya	0.3

A31-B Haplotypes

HLA A31 haplotype frequencies

		freq
ref.	Population	(%)
A31-B35 (A*310102:Cw*0401:B*3501)
	Lakota Souix (USA)	4.1
	Indig American (USA)	3.7
	Mestizo (Guad. Mexico)	1.5[3]
	Tibetian	1.1
	Jews (England)	1.3
	Tibetian	1.1
	Italian	0.6
	Japanese	0.5
	French	0.5
	Choushan (China)	0.4
	German	0.3
A31-B39 (A*310102:Cw*0701:B*3901)
	Mixtec (Oax. Mexico)	10.0
	Lakota Souix (USA)	1.6
	Japanese	0.3
	German	0.1
A31-B48 (A*310102:B*4801)
	Orochon (Russia)	6.0
	Maya (Guatemala)	3.5
	Buriat	3.4
	Japanese	0.3
A31-B51 (A*310102:B*5101)
	Ainu (Hokkaido Japan)	8.9
	Indig. Brazil	5.8
	Orochon (Russia)	5.3
	Indig American (USA)	4.3
	Tibetian	3.3
	Inner Mongolian	3.0
	Japanese	3.0
	Portuguese	1.6
	Korean	1.2
	Italian	0.9
	French	0.5
	German	0.3
	Choushan (China)	0.2
(A*310102:B*5102)
	Tarahumura (Mexico)	5.7
	Vietnamese	1.0
A31-B60 (A*310102:Cw*0304:B*4001)
	Lusaka (Zambia)	2.3
	Yakuts (Russia)	2.0
	Irish	0.7
	Choushan (China)	0.7
	Japan	0.6
	Dutch	0.6
	German	0.4
A31-B62 (A*310102:B*1501)
	Nivkhi(Sakalin, Russia)	12.5
	Yakut(Russia)	5.5
	Indig. Brazil	4.1
	Manchu	1.1
	Japan	0.4
	German	0.2
	Choushan (China)	0.2

Examination of A31 haplotypes reveal a probably connection across northern Eurasia during the prehistoric period. Frequencies of the more 'tale-tell' haplotypes (A31-B60, B61, and B62) fall from NE to SW Europe. Other haplotypes appears to have spread from the middle east (A31-B51 and A31-B35).

References

v • d • e HLA-A Serotypes
HLA-A - A1 - A2 - A3 - A9 (A23 - A24) - A10 (A25 - A26 - A34 - A43 - A66) - A11 - A19 (A29 - A30 - A31 - A32 - A33 - A74) - A28 (A68 - A69) - A36 - A80

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Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content

Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .