Immunodeficiency
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| Immunodeficiency Classification and external resources | |
| ICD-10 | D84.9 |
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| ICD-9 | 279.3 |
| DiseasesDB | 21506 |
| MeSH | D007153 |
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WikiDoc Resources for Immunodeficiency | |
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Most recent articles on Immunodeficiency Most cited articles on Immunodeficiency | |
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Powerpoint slides on Immunodeficiency | |
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Evidence Based Medicine | |
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Clinical Trials | |
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Ongoing Trials on Immunodeficiency at Clinical Trials.gov Trial results on Immunodeficiency Clinical Trials on Immunodeficiency at Google
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US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Immunodeficiency NICE Guidance on Immunodeficiency
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Definitions | |
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Patient Resources / Community | |
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Patient resources on Immunodeficiency Discussion groups on Immunodeficiency Patient Handouts on Immunodeficiency Directions to Hospitals Treating Immunodeficiency Risk calculators and risk factors for Immunodeficiency
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Healthcare Provider Resources | |
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Causes & Risk Factors for Immunodeficiency | |
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Overview
In medicine, immunodeficiency (or immune deficiency) is a state in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease is compromised or entirely absent. Most cases of immunodeficiency are acquired ("secondary") but some people are born with defects in the immune system, or primary immunodeficiency. A person who has an immunodeficiency of any kind is said to be immunocompromised. An immunocompromised person may be particularly vulnerable to opportunistic infections, in addition to normal infections that could affect everyone.
Primary immunodeficiency
A number of rare diseases feature a heightened susceptibility to infections from childhood onward. Many of these disorders are hereditary and are autosomal recessive or X-linked. There are over 80 recognised primary immunodeficiency syndromes; they are generally grouped by the part of the immune system that is malfunctioning, such as lymphocytes or granulocytes.[1]
The treatment of primary immunodeficiencies depends on the nature of the defect, and may involve antibody infusions, long-term antibiotics and (in certain cases) stem cell transplantation.
Acquired immunodeficiency
Immune deficiency may also be the result of particular external processes or diseases; the resultant state is called "secondary" or "acquired" immunodeficiency. Common causes for secondary immunodeficiency are malnutrition, aging and particular medications (e.g. chemotherapy, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, immunosuppressive drugs after organ transplants, glucocorticoids).
Many specific diseases directly or indirectly impair the immune system. This include many types of cancer, particularly those of the bone marrow and blood cells (leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma), and certain chronic infections. Immunodeficiency is also the hallmark of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV directly attacks the immune system.
References
Immune system / Immunology | |
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| Systems | Adaptive immune system vs. Innate immune system • Humoral immune system vs. Cellular immune system • Complement system (Anaphylatoxins) • Intrinsic immune system |
| Antibodies and antigens | Antibody (Monoclonal antibodies, Polyclonal antibodies, Autoantibody) • Allotype • Isotype • Idiotype • Antigen (Superantigen) |
| Immune cells | White blood cells (T cell, B cell, NK cell, Mast cell, Basophil, Eosinophil) • Phagocyte (Neutrophil, Macrophage, Dendritic cell) • Antigen-presenting cell • Reticuloendothelial system |
| Immunity vs. tolerance | Immunity • Autoimmunity • Allergy • Tolerance (Central) • Immunodeficiency |
| Immunogenetics | Somatic hypermutation • V(D)J recombination • Immunoglobulin class switching • MHC / HLA |
| Substances | Cytokines • Opsonin • Cytolysin |
| Other | Inflammation • Epitope (Hapten) • Cross-reactivity |
WikiDoc Research Resources for Immunodeficiency | |
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| Articles on Immunodeficiency | Most recent articles on Immunodeficiency • Most cited articles on Immunodeficiency • Review articles on Immunodeficiency • Articles on Immunodeficiency in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ |
| Media (Slides, Video, Images, MP3) on Immunodeficiency | Powerpoint slides on Immunodeficiency • Images of Immunodeficiency • Photos of Immunodeficiency • Podcasts & MP3s on Immunodeficiency • Videos on Immunodeficiency |
| Evidence Based Medicine Regarding Immunodeficiency | Cochrane Collaboration on Immunodeficiency • Bandolier on Immunodeficiency • TRIP on Immunodeficiency |
| Cost Effectiveness of Immunodeficiency | Cost Effectiveness of Immunodeficiency |
| Clinical Trials Involving Immunodeficiency | Ongoing Trials on Immunodeficiency at Clinical Trials.gov • Trial results on Immunodeficiency • Clinical Trials on Immunodeficiency at Google |
| Guidelines / Policies / Government Resources (FDA/CDC) Regarding Immunodeficiency | US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Immunodeficiency • NICE Guidance on Immunodeficiency • NHS PRODIGY Guidance • FDA on Immunodeficiency • CDC on Immunodeficiency |
| Textbook Information on Immunodeficiency | Books and Textbook Information on Immunodeficiency |
| Pharmacology Resources on Immunodeficiency | Dosing of Immunodeficiency • Drug interactions with Immunodeficiency • Side effects of Immunodeficiency • Allergic reactions to Immunodeficiency • Overdose information on Immunodeficiency • Carcinogenicity information on Immunodeficiency • Immunodeficiency in pregnancy • Pharmacokinetics of Immunodeficiency • |
| Genetics, Pharmacogenomics, and Proteinomics of Immunodeficiency | Genetics of Immunodeficiency • Pharmacogenomics of Immunodeficiency • Proteomics of Immunodeficiency |
| Newstories on Immunodeficiency | Immunodeficiency in the news • Be alerted to news on Immunodeficiency • News trends on Immunodeficiency |
| Commentary on Immunodeficiency | Blogs on Immunodeficiency |
| Patient Resources on Immunodeficiency | Patient resources on Immunodeficiency • Discussion groups on Immunodeficiency • Patient Handouts on Immunodeficiency • Directions to Hospitals Treating Immunodeficiency • Risk calculators and risk factors for Immunodeficiency |
| Healthcare Provider Resources on Immunodeficiency | Symptoms of Immunodeficiency • Causes & Risk Factors for Immunodeficiency • Diagnostic studies for Immunodeficiency • Treatment of Immunodeficiency |
| Continuing Medical Education (CME) Programs on Immunodeficiency | CME Programs on Immunodeficiency |
| International Resources on Immunodeficiency | Immunodeficiency en Espanol • Immunodeficiency en Francais |
| Business Resources on Immunodeficiency | Immunodeficiency in the Marketplace • Patents on Immunodeficiency |
| Informatics Resources on Immunodeficiency | List of terms related to Immunodeficiency |
de:Immundefekt el:Ανοσολογική ανεπάρκειαfr:Immunodépression he:כשל חיסוני
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Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
