Incubation period
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Incubation period, also called the latent period or latency period, is the time elapsed between exposure to a pathogenic organism, or chemical or radiation, and when symptoms and signs are first apparent. The period may be as short as minutes, to as long as thirty years in the case of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
While Latent or Latency period may be synonymous, a distinction is sometimes made between Incubation period - the period between infection and clinical onset of the disease- and Latent period -the time from infection to infectiousness. Which is shorter depends on the disease.
A person may be a carrier of a disease, such as Streptococcus in the throat without exhibiting any symptoms. Depending on the disease, the person may or may not be able to give the disease to others during the incubation period.
Examples of incubation periods
Incubation periods can vary greatly, and are generally expressed as a range. When possible, it is best to express the mean and the 10th and 90th percentiles, though this information is not always available. The values below are arranged roughly in ascending order by number of days, although in some cases the mean had to be inferred.
For many conditions, incubation periods are longer in adults than they are in children or infants.
| Disease | Incubation period | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Cellulitis caused by Pasteurella multocida | less than 1 day | [2] |
| Cholera | 1-3 days | [3] |
| Influenza | 1-4 days | [4] |
| Scarlet fever | 1-4 days | [5] |
| Common cold | 2-5 days | [6] |
| Ebola | 2-21 days | |
| Rocky Mountain spotted fever | 2-14 days | [7] |
| SARS | up to 10 days | [8] |
| Roseola | 5-15 days | [9] |
| Polio | 7-14 days | [10] |
| Pertussis | 7-14 days | [11] |
| Measles | 9-12 days | [12] |
| Smallpox | 7-17 days | [13] |
| Generalized tetanus | 7-21 days | [14] |
| Chicken pox | 14-16 days | [15] |
| Erythema infectiosum (Fifth Disease) | 13-18 days | [16] |
| Mumps | 14-18 days | [17] |
| Rubella (German measles) | 14-21 days | [18] |
| Infectious mononucleosis | 28-42 days | [19] |
| Kuru | mean between 10.3 and 13.2 years | [20] |
See also
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
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