Abdominal internal oblique muscle
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| Abdominal internal oblique muscle | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Muscles of the trunk. | |
 | |
| The Obliquus internus abdominis. | |
| Latin | Obliquus internus abdominis |
| Gray's | subject #118 412 |
| Origin | Inguinal ligament, Iliac crest and the Lumbodorsal fascia. |
| Insertion | Linea alba, Xiphoid process and the inferior ribs. |
| Artery: | |
| Nerve: | |
| Action: | Compresses abdomen and rotates vertebral column. |
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Overview
The internal oblique muscle (of the abdomen) is the intermediate muscle of the abdomen, lying just underneath the external oblique and just above (superficial to) the transverse abdominal muscle.
Structure
Its fibers run perpendicular to the external oblique muscle, beginning in the thoracolumbar fascia of the lower back, the anterior 2/3 of the iliac crest (upper part of hip bone) and the lateral half of the inguinal ligament. The muscle fibers run from these points superiomedially (up and towards midline) to the muscle's insertions on the inferior borders of the 10th through 12th ribs and the linea alba (abdominal midline seam.)
Innervation
The internal oblique is innervated by the lower intercostal nerves, as well as the iliohypogastric nerve and the ilioinguinal nerve.
Actions
The internal oblique performs two major functions. First, it acts as an antagonist (opponent) to the diaphragm, helping to reduce the volume of the thoracic (chest) cavity during exhalation. When the diaphragm contracts, it pulls the lower wall of the chest cavity down, increasing the volume of the lungs which then fill with air. Conversely, when the internal obliques contract they compress the organs of the abdomen, pushing them up into the diaphragm which intrudes back into the chest cavity reducing the volume of the air filled lungs, producing an exhalation.
Secondly, its contraction rotates and side-bends the trunk by pulling the rib cage and midline towards the hip and lower back, of the same side. It acts with the external oblique muscle of the opposite side to achieve this torsional movement of the trunk. For example, the right internal oblique and the left external oblique contract as the torso flexes and rotates to bring the left shoulder towards the right hip. For this reason, the internal obliques are referred to as "same side rotators."
See also
References
- Moore, Keith L; & Dalley Arthur R (2006). Clinically Oriented Anatomy (5th ed.). Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. ISBN 0-7817-3639-0.
- [2]
Additional images
 Diagram of a transverse section of the posterior abdominal wall, to show the disposition of the lumbodorsal fascia. |
 Diagram of sheath of Rectus. |
 Diagram of a transverse section through the anterior abdomina wall, below the linea semicircularis. |
 Femoral sheath laid open to show its three compartments. |
 Lumbar triangle |
External links
- -120586161 at GPnotebook
- LUC inab
- SUNY Figs 35:07-05 - "Incision and reflection of the internal abdominal oblique muscle."
- SUNY Anatomy Image 7526
- internal+oblique+muscle at eMedicine Dictionary
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
