Kleptomania
You don't need to be Editor-In-Chief to add or edit content to WikiDoc. You can begin to add to or edit text on this WikiDoc page by clicking on the edit button at the top of this page. Next enter or edit the information that you would like to appear here. Once you are done editing, scroll down and click the Save page button at the bottom of the page.
| Kleptomania Classification and external resources | |
| ICD-10 | F63.2 |
|---|---|
| ICD-9 | 312.32 |
Kleptomania (Greek: κλέπτειν, kleptein, "to steal", μανία, "mania") is an inability or great difficulty in resisting impulses of stealing.
People with this disorder are compelled to steal things, generally things of little or no value, such as pens, paper clips, small toys, or packets of sugar. Some may not be aware that they have committed the theft until later. The majority of kleptomaniacs sometimes have preferences to certain items (again, usually subconsciously); for example, batteries or television remote controls.[citation needed]
Kleptomania is distinguished from shoplifting or ordinary theft, as shoplifters and thieves generally steal for monetary value, or associated gains and usually display intent or premeditation, while people with kleptomania are not necessarily contemplating the value of the items they steal or even the theft until they are compulsed.
Although a kleptomaniac may steal uncontrollably without realization, judicial courts in the United Kingdom and United States generally do not accept kleptomania as an affirmative defense.[citation needed]
People with this disorder are likely to have a comorbid condition, specifically paranoid, schizoid or borderline personality disorder.[1] Kleptomania can occur after traumatic brain injury and carbon monoxide poisoning.[1][1]
Kleptomania is usually thought of as part of the obsessive compulsive disorder spectrum, although emerging evidence suggests that it may be more similar to addictive and mood disorders. In particular, this disorder is frequently co-morbid with substance use disorders, and it is common for individuals with kleptomania to have first-degree relatives who suffer from a substance use disorder.[1]
Diagnosis
The DSM-IV-TR lists the following five criteria for kleptomania:
- Recurrent failure to resist impulses to steal objects that are not needed for personal use or for their monetary value.
- Increasing sense of tension immediately before committing the theft.
- Pleasure, gratification, or relief at the time of committing the theft.
- The stealing is not committed to express anger or revenge and is not in response to a delusion or a hallucination.
- The stealing is not better accounted for by conduct disorder, a manic episode, or antisocial personality disorder.
Treatments
Kleptomania has several different treatments. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is recommended as an adjuvant to medication.
Some medications that are used for people diagnosed with kleptomania are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, mood stabilizers and opioid antagonists.[1] The only open-trial of medication for kleptomania showed naltrexone significantly reduced the intensity of urges to steal, stealing thoughts and stealing behavior.[1] A similar three year follow-up of patients treated only with naltrexone showed a clinically significant reduction in kleptomanic behavior.[1]
Relationship to OCD
Kleptomania is often thought of being a part of obsessive-compulsive disorder, since the irresistible and uncontrollable actions are similar to the frequently excessive, unnecessary and unwanted rituals of OCD. Some individuals with kleptomania demonstrate hoarding symptoms that resemble those with OCD.[1].
Prevalence rates between the two disorders do not demonstrate a strong relationship. Studies examing the comorbidity of OCD in subjects with kleptomania have inconsistent results, with some showing a relatively high co-occurrence (45%-60%)[1][1] while others demonstrate low rates (0%-6.5%).[1][1] Similarly, when rates of kleptomania have been examined in subjects with OCD, a relatively low co-occurrence was found(2.2%-5.9%).[1] [1]
References
de:Kleptomaniefr:Kleptomanie io:Kleptomanio it:Cleptomania he:קלפטומניה nl:Kleptomanie ja:窃盗症 no:Kleptomanisr:Клептоманија fi:Kleptomania sv:Kleptomani
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
