Leukopenia
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| Leukopenia Classification and external resources | ||
| ICD-10 | D70. | |
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| ICD-9 | 288.0 | |
| DiseasesDB | 32396 | |
| MeSH | C15.378.553.546 | |
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Leukopenia (or leukocytopenia, or leucopenia or leukopaenia) is a decrease in the number of circulating white blood cells (leukocytes) in the blood. As the principal function of white cells is to combat infection, a decrease in the number of these cells can place patients at increased risk for infection.
In pancytopenia, the other cell types in the blood (red blood cells and platelets) are similarly affected.
Neutropenia is a decrease in the number of circulating neutrophil granulocytes, the most abundant white blood cells. The terms leukopenia and neutropenia may occasionally be used interchangeably, as the neutrophil count is the most important indicator of infection risk. However, neutropenia is more properly considered a subset of leukopenia as a whole.
Low white cell counts are associated with chemotherapy, radiation therapy, leukemia (as malignant cells overwhelm the bone marrow), myelofibrosis and aplastic anemia (failure of white and red cell creation, along with poor platelet production). In addition, many common medications can cause leukopenia.
Other causes of low white blood cell count include: Influenza, systemic lupus erythematosus, typhus, malaria, HIV, tuberculosis, dengue, Rickettsial infections, enlargement of the spleen, folate deficiencies and sepsis. Many other causes exist.
Leukopenia can be identified with a complete blood count.
- Acute after certain infections
- Agranulocytosis
- Alcoholism
- Aplastic Anemia
- Benign familial neutropenia
- Benign neutropenia in black people
- Bone marrow damage
- Brucellosis
- Cachexia
- Chickenpox
- Chronically in HIV infection
- Cyclic neutropenia
- Degenerative and inflammatory vasculopathies
- Diphtheria
- Diuretics
- Drug-induced granulocytopenias
- Drugs
- Epstein-Barr Virus
- Exanthema subitum
- Folic acid deficiency
- HIV
- Hyperglobulia
- Hypersplenism
- Hypopituitarism
- Hypothyroidism
- Idiopathic
- Infection
- Infectious hepatitis
- Infectious mononucleosis
- Influenza
- Iron deficiency anemia
- Kala-Azar
- Kostmann Syndrome
- Leukemia (acute)
- Lipid storage disease
- Malaria
- Malignant lymphomas
- Myeloproliferative disorders
- Ornithosis
- Osteomyelosclerosis
- Paraproteinemia
- Paratyphus
- Parvovirus B19
- Pernicious anemia
- Poliomyelitis
- Primary and secondary varicosis
- Rickettsial infection
- Sjogren's Syndrome
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
- Thyrotoxicosis
- Toxoplasmosis
- Tuberculosis
- Tularemia
- Tumor infiltration
- Typhoid Fever
- Varicella
- Vein Compression Syndrome
- Vitamin B12 Deficiency
- Yellow Fever [1] [1]
References
External links
- 1355808838 at GPnotebook
- 11-135a. at Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy Professional Edition
de:Leukopeniefr:Leucopénie it:Leucopenia nl:Leukopeniesk:Leukopénia sv:Leukopeni
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
