Membrane

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In medicine, microbiology, cellular physiology and biochemistry a membrane is a thin layer that separates various cellular structures or organs. It usually includes lipid bilayer reinforced by proteins and other macromolecules, and can refer to:

• Basement membrane, the combination of the basal lamina and lamina reticularis or of two basal laminae
• Biological membrane
  • Cell membrane
  • Endomembrane system that divides the cell into organelles
  • Outer membrane or inner membrane of an organelle
  • S-layer, a cell membrane of bacteria
• Mucous membrane

• Serous membrane and mesothelium that surround organs, including:
  • Peritoneum that lines the abdominal cavity
  • Pericardium that surrounds the heart
  • Pleura that surround the lungs
  • Periosteum, membrane that surrounds bone
  • The meninges that surround the brain: the dura mater, arachnoid mater, and the pia mater
• Skin, part of the integumentary system

Membrane may also refer to:

• A mechanical membrane, a thin, flat flexible part that can deform or vibrate when excited by an external force.
• Membrane keyboard
• Artificial, semipermeable membranes which are used to separate species in a fluid on the basis of size, charge or other characteristics. Such membranes are employed in a range of applications from water and wastewater treatment (see reverse osmosis, diffuser (sewage), landfill liners, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration and microfiltration) to hydrogen fuel cells (see proton exchange membrane).
• The Membranes - an English post-punk band
• Membranes also referred to as branes in string theory

cs:Membrána

da:Membran de:Membraneo:Membrano fa:غشاء fr:Membrane io:Membrano it:Membrana he:ממברנה lv:Membrāna nl:Membraan ja:膜simple:Membrane sv:Membran uk:Мембрана

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Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .