Methohexital
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| Image:Methohexital2.png | |
| Methohexital
| |
| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
| 5-hex-3-yn-2-yl-1- methyl-5-prop-2-enyl-1, 3-diazinane-2,4,6-trione | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | |
| ATC code | N01 N05CA15 |
| PubChem | |
| DrugBank | |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C14H18N2O3 |
| Mol. mass | 262.304 |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | I.V. ~100% Rectal ~17% |
| Metabolism | Hepatic |
| Half life | 5.6 ± 2.7 minutes |
| Excretion | ? |
| Therapeutic considerations | |
| Pregnancy cat. |
B (USA) |
| Legal status |
? |
| Routes | Intravenous, rectal |
Methohexital (marketed under the brand name Brevital) is a drug which is a barbiturate derivative. It is classified as short-acting, and has a rapid onset of action. It is similar in its effects to sodium thiopental, a drug with which it competed in the market for anaesthetics.
Pharmacology
Methohexital binds to a distinct site which is associated with Cl− ionophores at GABAA receptors. This increases the length of time which the Cl− ionopores are open, thus causing an inhibitory effect.
Metabolism of methohexital is primarily hepatic (i.e. taking place in the liver), via demethylation and oxidation. Side-chain oxidation is the primary means of metabolism involved in the termination of the drug's biological activity.
Protein binding is approximately 73% for methohexital.
Indications
Methohexital is primarily used to induce anesthesia, and is generally provided as a sodium salt (i.e. methohexital sodium). It is only used in hospital or ambulatory care (i.e. in an ambulance) settings, under strict supervision. It has been commonly used to induce deep sedation, "twilight sleep" or general anesthesia for oral surgery and dentistry. It is also used to induce anesthesia prior to ECT(electroconvulsive therapy).
External links
- RxList.com - Methohexital
- Drugs.com - Methohexital Sodium
- DrugLib.com - Brevital (Methohexital Sodium)
Barbiturates (N01AF, N03AA, N05CA) |
|---|
Allobarbital • Alphenal • Amobarbital • Aprobarbital • Barbexaclone • Barbital • Brallobarbital • Butabarbital • Butalbital • Butobarbital • Butallylonal • Crotylbarbital • Cyclobarbital • Cyclopal • Ethallobarbital • Febarbamate • Heptabarbital • Hexethal • Hexobarbital • Mephobarbital • Metharbital • Methohexital • Methylphenobarbital • Narcobarbital • Nealbarbital • Pentobarbital • Phenobarbital • Probarbital • Propallylonal • Proxibarbal • Proxibarbital • Reposal • Secbutabarbital • Secobarbital • Sigmodal • Talbutal • Thialbarbital • Thiamylal • Thiobarbital • Thiobutabarbital • Thiopental • Valofane • Vinbarbital • Vinylbital |
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
