Motilin
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Overview
| Motilin/ghrelin
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| Identifiers | ||
| Symbol | Motilin_ghrelin | |
| Pfam | PF04644 | |
| InterPro | IPR006738 | |
| SCOP | 1lbj | |
| OPM family | 154 | |
| OPM protein | 1lbj | |
| Available PDB structures: | ||
| Motilin
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| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | MLN |
| Entrez | 4295 |
| HUGO | 7141 |
| OMIM | 158270 |
| RefSeq | NM_001040109 |
| UniProt | P12872 |
| Other data | |
| Locus | Chr. 6 p21.3-p21.2 |
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WikiDoc Resources for Motilin | |
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Ongoing Trials on Motilin at Clinical Trials.gov Clinical Trials on Motilin at Google
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US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Motilin
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Directions to Hospitals Treating Motilin Risk calculators and risk factors for Motilin
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Motilin is a polypeptide hormone secreted by Mo cells of the small intestine that increases the migrating myoelectric complex component of gastrointestinal motility and stimulates the production of pepsin. Control of motilin secretion is largely unknown, although some studies suggest that an alkaline pH in the duodenum stimulates its release. Interestingly however, at low pH it inhibits gastric motor activity, whereas at high pH it has a stimulatory effect.
Apart from in humans, motilin receptors are found in pigs', rats',cows' and cats' gastrointestinal tracts and in rabbits' central nervous systems.
Motilin agonists
Erythromycin and related antibiotics act as non-peptide motilin agonists, and are sometimes used for their ability to stimulate gastrointestinal motility. Administration of a low dose of erythromycin will induce peristalsis, which provides additional support for the conclusion that motilin secretion triggers this pattern of gastrointestinal motility, rather than results from it. However, some of erythromycin’s properties, including antibiotic activity, are not appropriate for a drug designed for chronic use over a patient's lifetime.
New motilin agonists are erythromycin based, however, it may be that this class of drugs becomes redundant; growth hormone secretagogue receptors share 52% of their DNA with motilin receptors and agonists of these receptors, termed ghrelins, can bring about similar effects to motilin agonists.
Related peptides
This domain is also found in ghrelin, a growth hormone secretagogue synthesised by endocrine cells in the stomach. Ghrelin stimulates growth hormone secretagogue receptors in the pituitary. These receptors are distinct from the growth hormone-releasing hormone receptors, and thus provide a means of controlling pituitary growth hormone release by the gastr ointestinal system[1].
References
External links
Peptides: neuropeptides | |
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| Hypothalamic | Somatostatin - CRH - GnRH - GHRH - Orexins - TRH - POMC (ACTH, MSH, Lipotropin) |
| Gastrointestinal hormones | Cholecystokinin - Gastric inhibitory polypeptide - Gastrin - Motilin - Secretin - Vasoactive intestinal peptide |
| Other hormones | Vasopressin - Calcitonin - |
| Other | Angiotensin - Bombesin/Neuromedin B - Calcitonin gene-related peptide - Carnosine - Delta sleep-inducing peptide - FMRFamide - Galanin - Gastrin releasing peptide - Kinins (Bradykinin, Tachykinins ) - Neuromedin (B, N, U) - Neuropeptide Y - Neurophysins - Neurotensin - Opioid peptide - Pancreatic polypeptide - Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide |
Hormones: gastrointestinal hormones |
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| CCK - EGF - GIP - Gastrin releasing peptide - Gastrins - Proglucagon - Motilin - Peptide YY -Prokineticin - Secretin - VIP |
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
