NADPH oxidase

You don't need to be Editor-In-Chief to add or edit content to WikiDoc. You can begin to add to or edit text on this WikiDoc page by clicking on the edit button at the top of this page. Next enter or edit the information that you would like to appear here. Once you are done editing, scroll down and click the Save page button at the bottom of the page.

The NADPH oxidase (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase) complex is an enzyme complex

Subunits

It is made up of six subunits. These subunits are:

• a Rho guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase), usually Rac1 or Rac2 (Rac stands for Rho-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate)
• Five "phox" units. (Phox stands for phagocytic oxidase.)
• gp91phox
• p22phox
• p40phox
• p47phox
• p67phox

Function

The complex is normally latent in neutrophils and is activated to assemble in the membranes during respiratory burst.

It generates superoxide by transferring electrons from NADPH inside the cell across the membrane and coupling these to molecular oxygen to produce the superoxide, which is highly reactive free radical. Superoxide can be produced into phagosomes which contain ingested bacteria and fungi, or it can be produced outside of the cell.

Superoxide is capable of killing bacteria and fungi by its ability to react with other body compounds to generate a large family of reactive oxygen species. These include hydrogen peroxide and hypochlorous acid, the reactive agent in bleach.

Chemical reaction

2 NADPH + O₂ ↔ 2 NADP⁺ + H₂O₂

Inihibition

NADPH oxidase can be inhibited by apocynin and DPI.Apocynin prevents the assembly of its subunits.

External links

• MeSH NADPH+Oxidase
• EC 1.6.3.1Template:Enzyme-stub

v • d • e NADH or NADPH oxidoreductases (EC 1.6)
Methemoglobin reductase - NADPH oxidase (P91-PHOX) - NADH dehydrogenase

v • d • e Protein: flavoproteins
Acetolactate synthase - Acyl CoA dehydrogenase - Apoptosis-inducing factor - Butyryl CoA dehydrogenase - Cryptochrome - Cytochrome b5 reductase - Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase - Flavodoxin - Methemoglobin reductase - Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase - NADH dehydrogenase - NADPH oxidase - Nitrate reductase - Sarcosine oxidase - Thioredoxin reductase

Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content

Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .