Nitrogen mustard

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Image:Nitrogen-mustard-HN1.png HN1 (bis(2-chloroethyl)ethylamine)

Image:Nitrogen-mustard-HN2.png HN2 (bis(2-chloroethyl)methylamine)

Image:Nitrogen-mustard-HN3.png HN3 (tris(2-chloroethyl)amine)

WikiDoc Resources for Nitrogen mustard
Articles
Most recent articles on Nitrogen mustard Most cited articles on Nitrogen mustard Review articles on Nitrogen mustard Articles on Nitrogen mustard in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ
Media
Powerpoint slides on Nitrogen mustard Images of Nitrogen mustard Photos of Nitrogen mustard Podcasts & MP3s on Nitrogen mustard Videos on Nitrogen mustard
Evidence Based Medicine
Cochrane Collaboration on Nitrogen mustard Bandolier on Nitrogen mustard TRIP on Nitrogen mustard
Clinical Trials
Ongoing Trials on Nitrogen mustard at Clinical Trials.gov Trial results on Nitrogen mustard Clinical Trials on Nitrogen mustard at Google
Guidelines / Policies / Govt
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Nitrogen mustard NICE Guidance on Nitrogen mustard NHS PRODIGY Guidance FDA on Nitrogen mustard CDC on Nitrogen mustard
Books
Books on Nitrogen mustard
News
Nitrogen mustard in the news Be alerted to news on Nitrogen mustard News trends on Nitrogen mustard
Commentary
Blogs on Nitrogen mustard
Definitions
Definitions of Nitrogen mustard
Patient Resources / Community
Patient resources on Nitrogen mustard Discussion groups on Nitrogen mustard Patient Handouts on Nitrogen mustard Directions to Hospitals Treating Nitrogen mustard Risk calculators and risk factors for Nitrogen mustard
Healthcare Provider Resources
Symptoms of Nitrogen mustard Causes & Risk Factors for Nitrogen mustard Diagnostic studies for Nitrogen mustard Treatment of Nitrogen mustard
Continuing Medical Education (CME)
CME Programs on Nitrogen mustard
International
Nitrogen mustard en Espanol Nitrogen mustard en Francais
Businness
Nitrogen mustard in the Marketplace Patents on Nitrogen mustard
Experimental / Informatics
List of terms related to Nitrogen mustard

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Overview

The nitrogen mustards are cytotoxic chemotherapy agents similar to mustard gas. Although their common use is medicinal, in principle these compounds may also be used for chemical warfare purposes.

The prototype nitrogen mustard drug is mustine which is no longer commonly in use but was the first drug to be used as an anticancer chemotherapeutic. It is a schedule 1 substance in the Chemical Weapons Convention. Other nitrogen mustards include cyclophosphamide, chlorambucil, uramustine and melphalan.

Nitrogen mustards are nonspecific DNA alkylating agents, because they form cyclic ammonium ions by attack of nitrogen on the organochloride center (see Sulfur mustard#Chemistry). The effects are radiomimetic, i.e. the DNA damage is similar to that which is seen when genetic material is exposed to radiation.

Examples of nitrogen mustards that can be used for chemical warfare purposes and their military weapon designations include:

• HN1: Bis(2-chloroethyl) ethylamine
• HN2: Bis(2-chloroethyl) methylamine
• HN3: Tris(2-chloroethyl) amine

Several nations stock-piled large amounts of munitions containing nitrogen mustard gas during the Second World War, but none were used in combat. As with all types of mustard gas, nitrogen mustard is a powerful and persistent blister agent.

v • d • e Chemical warfare
Blood agents	Cyanogen chloride (CK) · Hydrogen cyanide (AC)
Blister agents	Lewisite (L) · Sulfur mustard gas (HD, H, HT, HL, HQ) · Nitrogen mustard gas (HN1, HN2, HN3)
Nerve agents	G-Agents: Tabun (GA) · Sarin (GB) · Soman (GD) · Cyclosarin (GF) · GV — V-Agents: VE · VG · VM · VX — Novichok agents
Pulmonary agents	Chlorine · Chloropicrin (PS) · Phosgene (CG) · Diphosgene (DP)
Incapacitating agents	Agent 15 (BZ) · KOLOKOL-1
Riot control agents	Pepper spray (OC) · CS gas · CN gas (mace) · CR gas

v • d • e WikiDoc Research Resources for Nitrogen mustard
Articles on Nitrogen mustard	Most recent articles on Nitrogen mustard • Most cited articles on Nitrogen mustard • Review articles on Nitrogen mustard • Articles on Nitrogen mustard in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ
Media (Slides, Video, Images, MP3) on Nitrogen mustard	Powerpoint slides on Nitrogen mustard • Images of Nitrogen mustard • Photos of Nitrogen mustard • Podcasts & MP3s on Nitrogen mustard • Videos on Nitrogen mustard
Evidence Based Medicine Regarding Nitrogen mustard	Cochrane Collaboration on Nitrogen mustard • Bandolier on Nitrogen mustard • TRIP on Nitrogen mustard
Cost Effectiveness of Nitrogen mustard	Cost Effectiveness of Nitrogen mustard
Clinical Trials Involving Nitrogen mustard	Ongoing Trials on Nitrogen mustard at Clinical Trials.gov • Trial results on Nitrogen mustard • Clinical Trials on Nitrogen mustard at Google
Guidelines / Policies / Government Resources (FDA/CDC) Regarding Nitrogen mustard	US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Nitrogen mustard • NICE Guidance on Nitrogen mustard • NHS PRODIGY Guidance • FDA on Nitrogen mustard • CDC on Nitrogen mustard
Textbook Information on Nitrogen mustard	Books and Textbook Information on Nitrogen mustard
Pharmacology Resources on Nitrogen mustard	Dosing of Nitrogen mustard • Drug interactions with Nitrogen mustard • Side effects of Nitrogen mustard • Allergic reactions to Nitrogen mustard • Overdose information on Nitrogen mustard • Carcinogenicity information on Nitrogen mustard • Nitrogen mustard in pregnancy • Pharmacokinetics of Nitrogen mustard •
Genetics, Pharmacogenomics, and Proteinomics of Nitrogen mustard	Genetics of Nitrogen mustard • Pharmacogenomics of Nitrogen mustard • Proteomics of Nitrogen mustard
Newstories on Nitrogen mustard	Nitrogen mustard in the news • Be alerted to news on Nitrogen mustard • News trends on Nitrogen mustard
Commentary on Nitrogen mustard	Blogs on Nitrogen mustard
Patient Resources on Nitrogen mustard	Patient resources on Nitrogen mustard • Discussion groups on Nitrogen mustard • Patient Handouts on Nitrogen mustard • Directions to Hospitals Treating Nitrogen mustard • Risk calculators and risk factors for Nitrogen mustard
Healthcare Provider Resources on Nitrogen mustard	Symptoms of Nitrogen mustard • Causes & Risk Factors for Nitrogen mustard • Diagnostic studies for Nitrogen mustard • Treatment of Nitrogen mustard
Continuing Medical Education (CME) Programs on Nitrogen mustard	CME Programs on Nitrogen mustard
International Resources on Nitrogen mustard	Nitrogen mustard en Espanol • Nitrogen mustard en Francais
Business Resources on Nitrogen mustard	Nitrogen mustard in the Marketplace • Patents on Nitrogen mustard
Informatics Resources on Nitrogen mustard	List of terms related to Nitrogen mustard

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Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content

Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .