Organogenesis
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In animal development, organogenesis is the process by which the ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm develop into the internal organs of the organism. Internal organs initiate development in humans within the 3rd to 8th weeks in utero.The germ layers in organogenesis differ by three processes: folds, splits, and condensation. Developing early during this stage in chordate animals are the neural tube and notochord. Vertebrate animals all differentiate from the gastrula the same way. Vertebrates develop a neural crest that differentiates into many structures, including some bones, muscles, and components of the peripheral nervous system. The coelom of the body forms from a split of the mesoderm along the somite axis.
Production
The proceeding graph represents the products produced by the three germ layers.
| Germ Layer | Category | Product |
|---|---|---|
| Endoderm | General[1] | Gastrointestinal tract |
| Endodern | General | Respiratory tract |
| Endoderm | General | Endocrine glands and organs (liver and pancreas) |
| Mesoderm | General | Bones |
| Mesoderm | General | Most of the Circulatory system |
| Mesoderm | General | Connective tissues of the gut and integuments |
| Mesoderm | General | Excretory Tract |
| Mesoderm | General | Mesenchyme |
| Mesoderm | General | Mesothelium |
| Mesoderm | General | Muscles |
| Mesoderm | General | Peritoneum |
| Mesoderm | General | Reproductive System |
| Mesoderm | General | Urinary System |
| Mesoderm | Vertebrate[1] | Chordamesoderm |
| Mesoderm | Vertebrate | Paraxial mesoderm |
| Mesoderm | Vertebrate | Intermediate mesoderm |
| Mesoderm | Vertebrate | Lateral plate mesoderm |
| Ectoderm | General | Nervous system |
| Ectoderm | General | Outer part of integument |
| Ectoderm | Vertebrate | Skin (along with glands, hair, nails) |
| Ectoderm | Vertebrate | Epithelium of the mouth and nasal cavity |
| Ectoderm | Vertebrate | Lens and cornea of the eye |
| Ectoderm | Vertebrate | Melanocytes |
| Ectoderm | Vertebrate | Peripheral nervous system |
| Ectoderm | Vertebrate | Facial cartilage |
| Ectoderm | Vertebrate | Dentin (in teeth) |
| Ectoderm | Vertebrate | Brain (rhombencephalon, mesencephalon and prosencephalon) |
| Ectoderm | Vertebrate | Spinal cord and motor neurons |
| Ectoderm | Vertebrate | Retina |
| Ectoderm | Vertebrate | Posterior pituitary |
See also
- Ectoderm
- Embryogenesis
- Endoderm
- Eye development
- Germ layer
- Germ line development
- Heart development
- Histogenesis
- Limb development
- Mesoderm
- Morphogenesis
Notes
References
- Evers, Christine A., Lisa Starr. Biology:Concepts and Applications. 6th ed. United States:Thomson, 2006. ISBN 0-534-46224-3.
Germ layers | |
|---|---|
| Germ Layers | Ectoderm • Endoderm • Mesoderm |
| Production | Histogenesis • Organogenesis |
sr:Органогенеза fi:Organogeneesi sk:Organogenéza
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
