Osmolal gap
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Osmolal gap is the difference between measured serum osmolality and calculated serum osmolality.
It is typically calculated as: OG = measured serum osmolality - (2 X serum sodium + serum glucose + serum urea)
Where:
- 2 X serum sodium + serum glucose + serum urea = the calculated serum osmolality and all measures are in mmol/L.
- OG = osmolal gap
In US customary units the calculated osmolarity is: ( 2 x sodium ) + glucose/18 + BUN/2.8.
A normal osmolal gap is < 12 mmol/L.
Causes of an elevated osmolal gap are numerous. Noted causes are:
- ethanol intoxication
- methanol ingestion
- ethylene glycol ingestion
See also
External links
- Osmolar gap - fpnotebook.com
- Serum Osmolality - fpnotebook.com
- Acid-Base Physiology
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
