Papillary muscle rupture
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Overview
Papillary muscle rupture is an infrequent mechanical complication of acute myocardial infarction. Early diagnosis is important for surgical repair possibilities.
The vascularization of the papillary muscles shows many individual variations and depends also on coronary artery anatomy and dominance. However, the posterior papillary muscle is vascularized by posterior left ventricular branches that may have origin in the right, left or both coronary arteries.
The anterior papillary muscle is vascularized by branches from diagonal, circumflex or even acute marginal branches of the left coronary artery. Arterial branches for the papillary muscle have recurrent tract toward their apices and represent the most distal coronary territory (both as length from the aortic origin and as number of bifurcations).
The vascularization of the posterior left ventricle and the posterior papillary muscles are specially dependent on coronary typology and intercoronary anastomoses. Papillary muscle ischemia is concomitantly an ischemia of the adjacent ventricular wall.
Pathological Findings
Images shown below are courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission. © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology
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References
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
