Pericardial fluid

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Pericardial fluid Classification and external resources

WikiDoc Resources for Pericardial fluid
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Most recent articles on Pericardial fluid Most cited articles on Pericardial fluid Review articles on Pericardial fluid Articles on Pericardial fluid in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ
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Evidence Based Medicine
Cochrane Collaboration on Pericardial fluid Bandolier on Pericardial fluid TRIP on Pericardial fluid
Clinical Trials
Ongoing Trials on Pericardial fluid at Clinical Trials.gov Trial results on Pericardial fluid Clinical Trials on Pericardial fluid at Google
Guidelines / Policies / Govt
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Pericardial fluid NICE Guidance on Pericardial fluid NHS PRODIGY Guidance FDA on Pericardial fluid CDC on Pericardial fluid
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Books on Pericardial fluid
News
Pericardial fluid in the news Be alerted to news on Pericardial fluid News trends on Pericardial fluid
Commentary
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Definitions
Definitions of Pericardial fluid
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Healthcare Provider Resources
Symptoms of Pericardial fluid Causes & Risk Factors for Pericardial fluid Diagnostic studies for Pericardial fluid Treatment of Pericardial fluid
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CME Programs on Pericardial fluid
International
Pericardial fluid en Espanol Pericardial fluid en Francais
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List of terms related to Pericardial fluid

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Pericardial fluid is secreted by the serous membrane on the pericardious sac on the outside of the heart. The pericardial cavity contains between 15 and 50ml of pericardial fluid. It is similar to the serous fluid that is found in the brain for cushioning and ability to move semi-freely.

A pericardial effusion is the presence of excessive pericardial fluid. While small effusions occur in many clinical scenarios and are not necessarily dangerous, large and rapidly accumulating effusions may cause cardiac tamponade, a life-threatening complication.

Ben-Horin et al (2005) studied the composition of pericardial fluid in patients undergoing open heart surgery. They found it was relatively rich in lactate dehydrogenase, low in protein and high in lymphocytes and monocytes. They state that these findings may alter diagnostic criteria for abnormal effusions.

Reference

• Ben-Horin S, Shinfeld A, Kachel E, Chetrit A, Livneh A. The composition of normal pericardial fluid and its implications for diagnosing pericardial effusions. Am J Med 2005;118:636-40. PMID 15922695.

v • d • e Circulatory system pathology (I, 390-459)
Hypertension	Hypertensive heart disease - Hypertensive nephropathy - Secondary hypertension (Renovascular hypertension)
Ischaemic heart disease	Angina pectoris (Prinzmetal's angina) - Myocardial infarction (heart attack) - Dressler's syndrome
Pulmonary circulation	Pulmonary embolism - Cor pulmonale
Pericardium	Pericarditis - Pericardial effusion - Cardiac tamponade
Endocardium/heart valves	Endocarditis - mitral valve (regurgitation, prolapse, stenosis) - aortic valve (stenosis, insufficiency) - pulmonary valve (stenosis, insufficiency) - tricuspid valve (stenosis, insufficiency)
Myocardium	Myocarditis - Cardiomyopathy (Dilated cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Loeffler endocarditis, Restrictive cardiomyopathy) - Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia
Electrical conduction system of the heart	Heart block: AV block (First degree, Second degree, Third degree) - Bundle branch block (Left, Right) - Bifascicular block - Trifascicular block Pre-excitation syndrome (Wolff-Parkinson-White, Lown-Ganong-Levine) - Long QT syndrome - Adams-Stokes syndrome - Cardiac arrest - Sudden cardiac death Arrhythmia: Paroxysmal tachycardia (Supraventricular, AV nodal reentrant, Ventricular) - Atrial flutter - Atrial fibrillation (Familial) - Ventricular fibrillation - Premature contraction (Atrial, Ventricular) - Ectopic pacemaker - Sick sinus syndrome
Other heart conditions	Heart failure - Cardiovascular disease - Cardiomegaly - Ventricular hypertrophy (Left, Right)
Cerebrovascular diseases	Stroke - Transient ischemic attack - Intracranial hemorrhage/cerebral hemorrhage: Extra-axial hemorrhage (Epidural hemorrhage, Subdural hemorrhage, Subarachnoid hemorrhage) Intra-axial hematoma (Intraventricular hemorrhages, Intraparenchymal hemorrhage) - Anterior spinal artery syndrome - Binswanger's disease - Moyamoya disease
Arteries, arterioles and capillaries	Atherosclerosis (Renal artery stenosis) - Aortic dissection/Aortic aneurysm (Abdominal aortic aneurysm) - Aneurysm - Raynaud's phenomenon/Raynaud's disease - Buerger's disease - Vasculitis/Arteritis (Aortitis) - Intermittent claudication - Arteriovenous fistula - Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia - Spider angioma - Dissection (Carotid artery, Vertebral artery)
Veins, lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes	Thrombosis/Phlebitis/Thrombophlebitis (Deep vein thrombosis, May-Thurner syndrome, Portal vein thrombosis, Venous thrombosis, Budd-Chiari syndrome, Renal vein thrombosis, Paget-Schroetter disease) - Varicose veins / Portacaval anastomosis (Hemorrhoid, Esophageal varices, Varicocele, Gastric varices, Caput medusae) - Superior vena cava syndrome - Lymph (Lymphadenitis, Lymphedema, Lymphangitis)
Other	Hypotension (Orthostatic hypotension) - Rheumatic fever
See also congenital (Q20-Q28, 745-747)

v • d • e WikiDoc Research Resources for Pericardial fluid (Click show to right to view)
Articles on Pericardial fluid	Most recent articles on Pericardial fluid • Most cited articles on Pericardial fluid • Review articles on Pericardial fluid • Articles on Pericardial fluid in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ
Media (Slides, Video, Images, MP3) on Pericardial fluid	Powerpoint slides on Pericardial fluid • Images of Pericardial fluid • Photos of Pericardial fluid • Podcasts & MP3s on Pericardial fluid • Videos on Pericardial fluid
Evidence Based Medicine Regarding Pericardial fluid	Cochrane Collaboration on Pericardial fluid • Bandolier on Pericardial fluid • TRIP on Pericardial fluid
Cost Effectiveness of Pericardial fluid	Cost Effectiveness of Pericardial fluid
Clinical Trials Involving Pericardial fluid	Ongoing Trials on Pericardial fluid at Clinical Trials.gov • Trial results on Pericardial fluid • Clinical Trials on Pericardial fluid at Google
Guidelines / Policies / Government Resources (FDA/CDC) Regarding Pericardial fluid	US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Pericardial fluid • NICE Guidance on Pericardial fluid • NHS PRODIGY Guidance • FDA on Pericardial fluid • CDC on Pericardial fluid
Textbook Information on Pericardial fluid	Books and Textbook Information on Pericardial fluid
Pharmacology Resources on Pericardial fluid	Dosing of Pericardial fluid • Drug interactions with Pericardial fluid • Side effects of Pericardial fluid • Allergic reactions to Pericardial fluid • Overdose information on Pericardial fluid • Carcinogenicity information on Pericardial fluid • Pericardial fluid in pregnancy • Pharmacokinetics of Pericardial fluid •
Genetics, Pharmacogenomics, and Proteinomics of Pericardial fluid	Genetics of Pericardial fluid • Pharmacogenomics of Pericardial fluid • Proteomics of Pericardial fluid
Newstories on Pericardial fluid	Pericardial fluid in the news • Be alerted to news on Pericardial fluid • News trends on Pericardial fluid
Commentary on Pericardial fluid	Blogs on Pericardial fluid
Patient Resources on Pericardial fluid	Patient resources on Pericardial fluid • Discussion groups on Pericardial fluid • Patient Handouts on Pericardial fluid • Directions to Hospitals Treating Pericardial fluid • Risk calculators and risk factors for Pericardial fluid
Healthcare Provider Resources on Pericardial fluid	Symptoms of Pericardial fluid • Causes & Risk Factors for Pericardial fluid • Diagnostic studies for Pericardial fluid • Treatment of Pericardial fluid
Continuing Medical Education (CME) Programs on Pericardial fluid	CME Programs on Pericardial fluid
International Resources on Pericardial fluid	Pericardial fluid en Espanol • Pericardial fluid en Francais
Business Resources on Pericardial fluid	Pericardial fluid in the Marketplace • Patents on Pericardial fluid
Informatics Resources on Pericardial fluid	List of terms related to Pericardial fluid

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Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content

Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .