Protease inhibitor (biology)

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In biology and biochemistry, protease inhibitors are molecules that inhibit the function of peptidases (old name: protease, hence the term protease inhibitor). Many naturally-occurring protease inhibitors are proteins.

In medicine, protease inhibitor is often used interchangeably with alpha 1-antitrypsin (A1AT, which is abbreviated P_i for this reason).^[1] A1AT is indeed the protease inhibitor most often involved in disease, namely in alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency.

Contents 1 Classification 1.1 By protease 1.2 By mechanism 2 References

Classification

Protease inhibitors may be classified either by the type of protease the inhibit, or by their mechanism of action.

By protease

Classes of proteases are:

• Cysteine protease inhibitors
• Serine protease inhibitors (serpins)
  • Trypsin inhibitors
• Threonine protease inhibitors
• Aspartic protease inhibitors
• Metalloprotease inhibitors

By mechanism

Classes of inhibitor mechanisms of action are:

• Suicide inhibitor
• Transition state inhibitor
• Protein protease inhibitor (See serpins)
• Chelating agents

References

Template:Enzyme-stub

v • d • e Pharmacology: enzyme inhibition
Class	Competitive inhibition - Uncompetitive inhibition - Non-competitive inhibition - Suicide inhibition - Mixed inhibition
Substrate	Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors - Aromatase inhibitors - Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors - Integrase inhibitor - Kinase inhibitors - Lipoxygenase inhibitor - Monoamine oxidase inhibitors - Reverse transcriptase inhibitors - Phosphodiesterase inhibitors - Protease inhibitors (ACE inhibitor, Trypsin inhibitor)