Acquired pure red cell aplasia

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Acquired pure red cell aplasia Classification and external resources
ICD-10	D60.
ICD-9	284.8
DiseasesDB	29063
eMedicine	med/1967
MeSH	D012010

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Acquired pure red cell aplasia (or PRCA) refers to a type of anemia affecting the precursors to red blood cells but not to white blood cells. In PRCA, the bone marrow ceases to produce red blood cells.

Causes

Pure red cell aplasia is regarded as an autoimmune disease. It may also be a manifestation of thymoma. It may also be as a result of viral infections such as HIV, herpes, parvovirus B19 (Fifth disease), or hepatitis. Association of pure red cell aplasia with T large granular lymphocyte leukemia is also well recognized, especially in China (http://jcp.bmj.com/cgi/content/abstract/51/9/672). Many cases of PRCA are considered idiopathic in that there is no discernable cause detected.

It can be associated with the administration of erythropoietin.

Treatment

PRCA is considered an autoimmune disease as it will respond to immunosuppressant treatment such as ciclosporin. It has also been also been shown to respond to treatments with Rituxan.

See also

• Diamond-Blackfan anemia (genetic red cell aplasia)
• aplastic anemia (aplasia affecting other bone marrow cells as well)

External links

• Aplastic Anemia & MDS International Foundation
• NEJM

v • d • e Pathology: hematology (primarily D50-D77, 280-289)
RBCs/anemia/ hemoglobinopathy (Myeloid)	nutritional anemia: Iron deficiency anemia, Plummer-Vinson syndrome, Megaloblastic anemia (Pernicious anemia) hereditary hemolytic anemia: enzyme disorders (G6PD Deficiency, Pyruvate kinase deficiency,Triosephosphate isomerase deficiency), Thalassemia, Sickle-cell disease/trait, Hereditary spherocytosis, Hereditary elliptocytosis, Hereditary stomatocytosis acquired hemolytic anemia: Autoimmune (Warm), HUS, MAHA, PNH, PCH aplastic anemia: Acquired PRCA, Diamond-Blackfan anemia, Fanconi anemia • Sideroblastic anemia
Coagulation/platelets (Myeloid)	coagulopathy: DIC (Congenital afibrinogenemia, Purpura fulminans) • Hemophilia (A/VII, B/IX, C/XI, XIII) • Von Willebrand disease Purpura: Henoch-Schönlein, ITP (Evans syndrome), TTP primary hypercoagulable state: Protein C deficiency - Protein S deficiency - Antithrombin III deficiency - Factor V Leiden - Activated protein C resistance - Antiphospholipid syndrome other hemorrhagic conditions: Bernard-Soulier syndrome - Glanzmann's thrombasthenia - Grey platelet syndrome - May Hegglin anomaly Essential thrombocytosis - Thrombocytopenia
Monocytes/Macrophages (Myeloid)	WHO-I histiocytosis (Langerhans cell histiocytosis) WHO-II/non-Langerhans-cell histiocytosis (Juvenile xanthogranuloma, Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis) WHO-III/malignant histiocytic disorders (Acute monocytic leukemia, Malignant histiocytosis, Erdheim-Chester disease) -cytosis: Monocytosis -penia: Monocytopenia
Granulocytes (Myeloid)	-cytosis: granulocytosis (Neutrophilia, Eosinophilia, Basophilia) -penia: Granulocytopenia/agranulocytosis (Neutropenia, Kostmann syndrome)
Other/general myeloid	Chronic granulomatous disease
Lymphoid	-cytosis: Lymphocytosis -penia: Lymphopenia
Other	Asplenia/hyposplenism - Methemoglobinemia - Pancytopenia
See also hematological malignancy and immune disorders

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Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content

Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .