Sodium valproate

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Main article: Valproic acid

Image:Sodium-valproate-2D-skeletal.png
Sodium valproate
Systematic (IUPAC) name
sodium 2-propylpentanoate
Identifiers
CAS number	1069-66-5
ATC code	N03AG01
PubChem	14047
Chemical data
Formula	C8H15NaO2
Mol. mass	166.20 g/mol
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	?
Protein binding	90–95%
Metabolism	75% by CYP enzymes
Half life	9–18 hours
Excretion	20% excreted as glucuronide
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.	D(AU) D(US)
Legal status	POM(UK) ℞-only(US)
Routes	Oral, i.v.

Sodium valproate (INN) or valproate sodium (USAN) is the sodium salt of valproic acid and is an anticonvulsant used in the treatment of epilepsy and bipolar disorder, as well as other psychiatric conditions requiring the administration of a mood stabilizer. The intravenous formulations are used when oral administration is not possible.

Formulations

Trade names are in bold, followed by the manufacturer.

U.S.

• Intravenous injection – Depacon by Abbott Laboratories.
• Syrup – Depakene by Abbott Laboratories. (Note Depakene capsules are valproic acid).

UK and Australia

• Tablets – Orlept by Wockhardt and Epilim by Sanofi-Aventis.
• Oral solution – Orlept Sugar Free by Wockhardt and Epilim by Sanofi-Aventis.
• Syrup – Epilim by Sanofi-Aventis.
• Intravenous injection – Epilim Intravenous by Sanofi-Aventis.
• Extended release tablets – Epilim Chrono by Sanofi-Aventis. A combination of sodium valproate and valproic acid in a 2.3:1 ratio.
• Enteric-coated tablets – Epilim EC200 by Sanofi-synthélabo. A 200 mg sodium valproate enteric-coated tablet.

Germany, Switzerland, Norway

• Tablets – Orfiril by Desitin Pharmaceuticals
• Intravenous injection – Orfiril IV by Desitin Pharmaceuticals

South Africa

• Syrup – Convulex by Byk Madaus

Canada

• Intravenous injection – Epival or Epiject by Abbott Laboratories.
• Syrup – Depakene by Abbott Laboratories. Generic formulations include Apo-Valproic and ratio-Valproic.

Others

In much of Europe, Depakine and Depakine Chrono are equivalent to Epilim and Epilim Chrono above.

See also

• Valproate semisodium

External links

• Chemical Land21: Sodium Valproate
• RXList.com: Depacon (Sodium Valproate)
• British National Formulary Edition 50
• Med Broadcast.com: Epival
• Drugs.com: Depaken Syrup

v • d • e Anticonvulsants (N03)
Barbiturates	Barbexaclone, Metharbital, Methylphenobarbital, Pentobarbital, Phenobarbital, Primidone
Hydantoins	Ethotoin, Fosphenytoin, Mephenytoin, Phenytoin
Oxazolidinediones	Ethadione, Paramethadione, Trimethadione
Succinimides	Ethosuximide, Mesuximide, Phensuximide
Benzodiazepines	Clobazam, Clonazepam, Clorazepate, Diazepam, Lorazepam, Midazolam, Nimetazepam, Nitrazepam, Temazepam
Carboxamides	Carbamazepine, Oxcarbazepine, Rufinamide
Fatty acid derivatives	Valpromide, Valnoctamide
Carboxylic acids	Valproic acid (Sodium valproate & Valproate semisodium), Tiagabine
Others	GABA analogs: Gabapentin, Pregabalin, Progabide, Vigabatrin -- Monosaccharides: Topiramate -- Aromatic allylic alcohols: Stiripentol -- Ureas: Phenacemide, Pheneturide -- Phenyltriazines: Lamotrigine Carbamates: Emylcamate, Felbamate, Meprobamate -- Pyrrolidines: Brivaracetam, Levetiracetam, Nefiracetam, Seletracetam Sulfa drugs: Acetazolamide, Ethoxzolamide, Sultiame, Zonisamide -- Propionates: Beclamide -- Aldehydes: Paraldehyde -- Bromides: Potassium bromide, Sodium bromide

Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content

Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .