TNF inhibitor

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Overview

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) promotes the inflammatory response, which in turn causes many of the clinical problems associated with autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, Crohn's disease, psoriasis and refractory asthma. These disorders are sometimes treated by using a TNF inhibitor. This inhibition can be achieved with a monoclonal antibody such as infliximab (Remicade) or adalimumab (Humira), or with a circulating receptor fusion protein such as etanercept (Enbrel).

Clinical trials regarding the effectiveness of these drugs on hidradenitis suppurativa are currently ongoing. A fourth anti-TNF biologic, certolizumab pegol, is expected to receive approval for human use in the near future.

In patients with latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, active tuberculosis (TB) may develop soon after the initiation of treatment with infliximab.^[1] Before prescribing the drug, physicians should screen patients for latent TB infection or disease. The anti-TNF monoclonal antibody biologics, Infliximab and adalimumab, and the fusion protein etanercept which are all currently Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved for human use, have label warnings which state that patients should be evaluated for latent TB infection and treatment should be initiated prior to starting therapy with these medications.

TNF or the effects of TNF are also inhibited by a number of natural compounds, including curcumin ^{[1] [1] [1] [1]} (a compound present in turmeric) and catechins (in green tea).

References

v • d • e Immunomodulators - Immunosuppressants - Immunosuppressive drugs (L04)
Monoclonal antibodies	TNF inhibitors (Infliximab, Adalimumab, Certolizumab pegol), Afelimomab, Aselizumab, Atlizumab, Atorolimumab, Basiliximab, Belimumab, Bertilimumab, Cedelizumab, Clenoliximab, Daclizumab, Dorlimomab aritox, Dorlixizumab, Eculizumab, Efalizumab, Elsilimomab, Erlizumab, Faralimomab, Fontolizumab, Galiximab, Gantenerumab, Gavilimomab, Golimumab, Gomiliximab, Ibalizumab, Inolimomab, Ipilimumab, Keliximab, Lebrilizumab, Lerdelimumab, Lumiliximab, Maslimomab, Mepolizumab, Metelimumab, Morolimumab, Muromonab-CD3, Natalizumab, Nerelimomab, Ocrelizumab, Odulimomab, Omalizumab, Otelixizumab, Pascolizumab, Pexelizumab, Reslizumab, Rovelizumab, Ruplizumab, Siplizumab, Talizumab, Telimomab aritox, Teneliximab, Teplizumab, Tocilizumab, Toralizumab, Vapaliximab, Vepalimomab, Visilizumab, Zanolimumab, Ziralimumab, Zolimomab aritox
-imus	Abetimus, Deforolimus, Everolimus, Gusperimus, Pimecrolimus, Sirolimus, Tacrolimus, Temsirolimus
-cept (Fusion protein)	Abatacept, Alefacept, Belatacept, Rilonacept, TNF inhibitor (Etanercept)
Other	Anakinra, Azathioprine, Ciclosporin, Leflunomide, Methotrexate, Mycophenolic acid, Thalidomide

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Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content

Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .