| Foramina of the skull (and canals, fissures, meati, and hiati) |
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| Anterior cranial fossa | to Orbit: ethmoidal foramina (anterior, posterior) to Nasal cavity: olfactory foramina (CN-I) - foramen cecum |
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| Middle cranial fossa | to Orbit: optic canal (CN-II) - superior orbital fissure (CN-III,IV,V1,VI)
to Pterygopalatine fossa: foramen rotundum (CN-V2) - pterygoid canal
to Infratemporal fossa: foramen ovale (CN-V3) - foramen spinosum/carotid canal
other: foramen lacerum - hiatus for greater petrosal nerve - hiatus for lesser petrosal nerve - sphenoidal emissary foramen |
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| Posterior cranial fossa | internal auditory meatus/facial canal/stylomastoid foramen (CN-VII,VIII) - jugular foramen (CN-IX,X,XI) - foramen magnum (CN-XI) - hypoglossal canal (CN-XII) - condylar canal - mastoid foramen |
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| Orbit | to Nasal cavity: nasolacrimal canal
to Face: supraorbital (notch, foramen) - infraorbital (foramen, groove) - zygomatic foramen (-facial, -temporal)
to Pterygopalatine fossa: inferior orbital fissure |
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| Pterygopalatine fossa | to Nasal cavity: sphenopalatine foramen
to Oral cavity: greater palatine canal/greater palatine foramen - lesser palatine canals/lesser palatine foramina
to Infratemporal fossa: pterygomaxillary fissure
to Nasopharynx: palatovaginal canal |
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| Nasal cavity | to Oral cavity: incisive canals - incisive foramen |
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| Other | external acoustic meatus - mandibular foramen - mental foramen - parietal foramen - petrotympanic fissure - semilunar hiatus |
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