Temporal bone

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Bone: Temporal bone
Cranial bones
Facial bones.
Latin	os temporales
Gray's	subject #34 138
Articulations	occipital, parietal, sphenoid, mandible and zygomatic

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The temporal bones are situated at the sides and base of the skull.

The temporal bone supports that part of the face known as the temple.

Parts

Each consists of five parts:

• Squama temporalis
• Mastoid portion
• Petrous portion
• Tympanic part
• Styloid process (temporal)

Composition

The structure of the squama is like that of the other cranial bones: the mastoid portion is spongy, and the petrous portion dense and hard.

Diagnosis

Physical Examination

Ear Nose and Throat

Axial CT scan showing oblique left temporal bone fracture [1].	Hemotympanum (blood in the middle ear) causes a bluish discoloration of the drum [2].	Ruptured tympanic membrane and blood in the ear canal (surgeon's view)[3].	Battle's Sign. Bluish discoloration of the post-auricular region, associated with temporal bone fractures [4].
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) otorrhea [5].	Oblique left temporal bone fracture line crossing the mastoid process, into Henle's spine and the external auditory canal (surgeon's view)[6].

Additional images

The skull from the front.	Sphenoid bone visible center right.	Side view of the skull.	Left infratemporal fossa.
Sagittal section of skull.	Articulation of the mandible. Lateral aspect.	Base of the skull. Upper surface.

See also

• Ossification of temporal bone
• Bone terminology
• Terms for anatomical location
• Temporal fenestrae
• Temporomandibular joint

External links

• Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator, at Elsevier 34256.000-1

This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated. Please edit the article if this is the case, and feel free to remove this notice when it is no longer relevant.

v • d • e Bones of head and neck: the cranium of the skull
Occipital	Squama external (Inion/External occipital protuberance, Nuchal lines) - planes (Occipital, Nuchal) - internal (Cruciform eminence, Internal occipital protuberance, Sagittal sulcus, Internal occipital crest) Lateral parts Condyle (Condyloid fossa, Condylar canal) - Hypoglossal canal - jugular (Jugular process, Jugular tubercle) Basilar part Pharyngeal tubercle Other Foramen magnum
Parietal	Parietal eminence - Temporal line - Parietal foramen
Frontal	Squama Frontal suture - Frontal eminence - external (Superciliary arches, Glabella) - foramina (Supraorbital, Cecum) - Zygomatic process - internal (Sagittal sulcus, Frontal crest) Orbital part Ethmoidal notch - Lacrimal fossa - Trochlear fovea - Frontal sinus - Frontonasal duct
Temporal	Squama Articular tubercle - Suprameatal triangle - Mandibular fossa - Petrotympanic fissure - Zygomatic process Mastoid part Mastoid foramen - Mastoid process (Mastoid cells) - Mastoid notch - Occipital groove - Sigmoid sulcus - Mastoid antrum (Entrance) Petrous part Carotid canal - Facial canal (Hiatus) - Internal auditory meatus - Aqueduct of cochlea - Stylomastoid foramen fossae (Subarcuate fossa, Jugular fossa) - canaliculi (Inferior tympanic, Mastoid) - Styloid process - Petrosquamous suture (note: ossicles in petrous part, but not part of temporal bone) Tympanic part Suprameatal spine
Sphenoid	Surfaces Superior surface: Sella turcica (Dorsum sellae, Tuberculum sellae, Hypophysial fossa, Posterior clinoid processes) - Ethmoidal spine - Chiasmatic groove - Middle clinoid process - Petrosal process - Clivus Lateral surface: Carotid groove - Sphenoidal lingula Anterior surface: Sphenoidal sinuses Great wings foramina (Rotundum, Ovale, Vesalii, Spinosum) - Spine - Infratemporal crest - Sulcus for auditory tube Small wings Superior orbital fissure - Anterior clinoid process - Optic canal Pterygoid processes fossae (Pterygoid, Scaphoid) - pterygoid plates (Lateral, Medial) - Pterygoid canal - Hamulus Other Body - Sphenoidal conchae
Ethmoid	Plates Cribriform plate (Crista galli, Olfactory foramina) - Perpendicular plate Surfaces Lateral surface Orbital lamina - Uncinate process Medial surface Superior nasal concha - Superior meatus - Middle nasal concha - Middle meatus Labyrinth Ethmoid sinus - ethmoidal foramina (Posterior, Anterior)

ca:Os temporal

de:Schläfenbein eo:Temporalo fr:Os temporal it:Osso temporale he:עצם הרקה la:Ossa temporalia lv:Deniņu kauls lt:Smilkinkaulis ja:側頭骨sv:Tinningben uk:Скронева кістка sl:Senčnica

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Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content

Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .