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Click Here For A Complete Listing Of All Chapters In The Living Textbook Of Infectious Disease In Alphabetical Order

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Physiology

v • d • e Immune system / Immunology
Systems	Adaptive immune system vs. Innate immune system • Humoral immune system vs. Cellular immune system • Complement system (Anaphylatoxins) • Intrinsic immune system
Antibodies and antigens	Antibody (Monoclonal antibodies, Polyclonal antibodies, Autoantibody) • Allotype • Isotype • Idiotype • Antigen (Superantigen)
Immune cells	White blood cells (T cell, B cell, NK cell, Mast cell, Basophil, Eosinophil) • Phagocyte (Neutrophil, Macrophage, Dendritic cell) • Antigen-presenting cell • Reticuloendothelial system
Immunity vs. tolerance	Immunity • Autoimmunity • Allergy • Tolerance (Central) • Immunodeficiency
Immunogenetics	Somatic hypermutation • V(D)J recombination • Immunoglobulin class switching • MHC / HLA
Substances	Cytokines • Opsonin • Cytolysin
Other	Inflammation • Epitope (Hapten) • Cross-reactivity

Disease States

v • d • e Bacterial diseases (primarily A00-A79, 001-041,080-109)
G+/Firmicutes	Clostridium (Pseudomembranous colitis, Botulism, Tetanus, Gas gangrene) - Streptococcus A and B (Scarlet fever, Erysipelas) - Staphylococcus (Toxic shock syndrome) - Bacilli (Anthrax, Listeriosis)
G+/Actinobacteria	Mycobacterium: Tuberculosis (Ghon focus, Ghon's complex, Tuberculous meningitis, Pott's disease, Rich focus, Scrofula, Bazin disease, Lupus vulgaris, Miliary tuberculosis) - Leprosy - Lady Windermere syndrome - Buruli ulcer - Actinomycetales: Actinomycosis - Nocardiosis - Diphtheria - Erythrasma
G-/Spirochetal	Syphilis (Bejel) - Yaws - Pinta - Relapsing fever - Noma - Trench mouth - Lyme disease - Rat-bite fever (Sodoku) - Leptospirosis
G-/Chlamydiae	Chlamydophila (Psittacosis) - Chlamydia (Chlamydia, Lymphogranuloma venereum, Trachoma)
G-/α Proteobacteria	Rickettsioses (Typhus, Scrub typhus, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Boutonneuse fever, Q fever, Trench fever, Rickettsialpox) - Brucellosis - Cat scratch fever Bartonellosis (Bacillary angiomatosis)
G-/β&γ Proteobacteria	Salmonella (Typhoid fever, Paratyphoid fever, Salmonellosis) - other intestinal (Cholera, Shigellosis) - Zoonotic (Bubonic plague, Tularemia, Glanders, Melioidosis, Pasteurellosis) - Other: Pertussis - Meningococcus (Meningococcal disease, Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome) - Legionellosis - Brazilian purpuric fever - Chancroid - Donovanosis - Gonorrhea

v • d • e Influenza
Influenza	Research - Vaccine - Avian influenza - Treatment - Genome sequencing - Season
Influenza viruses	Orthomyxoviridae - Influenza A - Influenza B - Influenza C
Subtypes of Influenza A virus	H1N1 - H1N2 - H2N2 - H3N1 - H3N2 - H3N8 - H5N1 - H5N2 - H5N3 - H5N8 - H5N9 - H7N1 - H7N2 - H7N3 - H7N4 - H7N7 - H9N2 - H10N7
H5N1	Genetic structure - Transmission and infection - Global spread - Clinical Trials - Human mortality
Antiviral drugs	Arbidol - adamantane derivatives (Amantadine, Rimantadine) - neuraminidase inhibitors (Oseltamivir, Peramivir, Zanamivir) Experimental (Peramivir)
Influenza vaccines	FluMist - Fluzone
Influenza pandemics	Asian Flu - Hong Kong Flu - Spanish flu - Fujian flu - Pandemic Severity Index
Outbreaks of Avian influenza	Croatia (2005) - India (2006) - UK (2007) - West Bengal (2008)
Influenza in non-human mammals	Canine influenza - Equine influenza (2007 Australian outbreak) - Swine flu

v • d • e Protozoal diseases (A06-A07, B50-B64)
Apicomplexa	Coccidia (Cryptosporidiosis, Isosporiasis, Cyclosporiasis, Toxoplasmosis) - Malaria (Blackwater fever) - Babesiosis
Excavata	Giardiasis - Trypanosomiasis (Sleeping sickness, Chagas disease) - Leishmaniasis (Cutaneous leishmaniasis, Visceral leishmaniasis) - Trichomoniasis
Other	Amoebiasis - Blastocystosis - Dientamoebiasis - Microsporidiosis -Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis

v • d • e Viral diseases (A80-B34, 042-079)
Viral infections of the CNS	Poliomyelitis (Post-polio syndrome) - Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis - Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy - Rabies - Encephalitis lethargica - Lymphocytic choriomeningitis - Tick-borne meningoencephalitis - Tropical spastic paraparesis
Arthropod-borne viral fevers and viral haemorrhagic fevers	Mosquito (Dengue fever - Chikungunya - Rift Valley fever - Yellow fever - O'nyong'nyong - West Nile - Japanese Encephalitis - St. Louis Encephalitis - Murray Valley encephalitis - Ross River) Tick (Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever - Omsk hemorrhagic fever - Kyasanur forest disease - Alkurma - Powassan)
Zoonotic viruses (Vector)	Menangle - Nipah - BDV Rat (Lassa fever - Venezuelan hemorrhagic fever - Junin - Argentine hemorrhagic fever - Bolivian hemorrhagic fever - Puumala - Andes - Sin Nombre - Haantan) Bat (Australian bat lyssavirus - Ebola - Marburg hemorrhagic fever - Mokola - Duvenhage)
Viral infections characterized by skin and mucous membrane lesions	Herpes simplex - Chickenpox - Herpes zoster - Smallpox - Monkeypox - Measles - Rubella - Plantar wart - Cowpox - Vaccinia - Molluscum contagiosum - Roseola - Fifth disease - Hand, foot and mouth disease - Foot-and-mouth disease - KSHV
Viral hepatitis	Hepatitis A - Hepatitis B - Hepatitis C - Hepatitis D - Hepatitis E - Hepatitis G
Viral infections of the respiratory system	Avian influenza - Acute viral nasopharyngitis - Infectious mononucleosis - Influenza - Severe acute respiratory syndrome - Viral pneumonia - Human parainfluenza viruses - RSV - hMPV
Sexually transmitted	HIV (AIDS, AIDS dementia complex) - Genital warts - Adult T-cell leukemia
Viral gastroenteritis	Rotavirus - Norovirus - Astrovirus - Coronavirus - Adenovirus
Viruses and cancers	HTLV (induces leukemia) - VSV (oncolytic)
Other viral diseases	Cytomegalovirus - Mumps - Bornholm disease

Pharmacotherapy

v • d • e Antibacterials for systemic use: tetracycline antibiotics (J01A)
Tetracyclines	Chlortetracycline • Clomocycline • Demeclocycline • Doxycycline • Lymecycline • Metacycline • Minocycline • Oxytetracycline • Penimepicycline • Rolitetracycline • Tetracycline
Glycylcyclines	Tigecycline

v • d • e Antibacterials for systemic use: amphenicols (J01B)
Chloramphenicol - Thiamphenicol - Florfenicol

v • d • e Antibacterials for systemic use: beta-lactam antibiotics - penicillins (J01C)
Antibiotics	Amoxicillin • Ampicillin • Azlocillin • Carbenicillin • Cloxacillin • Dicloxacillin • Flucloxacillin • Mezlocillin • Nafcillin • Piperacillin • Pivampicillin • Ticarcillin
Beta-lactamase inhibitors	Sulbactam • Tazobactam • Clavulanic acid
Combinations	Ampicillin/sulbactam (Sultamicillin) • Co-amoxiclav

v • d • e Antibacterials for systemic use: beta-lactam antibiotics - cephalosporins and related (J01D)
First generation	Cefacetrile, Cefadroxil, Cefalexin, Cefaloglycin, Cefaloridine, Cefalotin, Cefapirin, Cefatrizine, Cefazedone, Cefazolin, Cefradine, Cefroxadine, Ceftezole
Second generation	Cefaclor, Cefamandole, Cefmetazole, Cefonicid, Ceforanide, Cefotiam, Cefprozil, Cefuroxime
Third generation	Cefdinir, Cefditoren, Cefetamet, Cefixime, Cefmenoxime, Cefodizime, Cefoperazone, Cefotaxime, Cefpiramide, Cefpodoxime, Cefsulodin, Ceftazidime, Ceftibuten, Ceftizoxime, Ceftriaxone, Latamoxef
Fourth generation	Cefepime, Cefpirome, Cefquinome
Fifth generation	Ceftobiprole
Other beta-lactam antibacterials	Monobactams (Aztreonam), Carbapenems (Parenteral - Meropenem, Ertapenem, Imipenem, Doripenem, Oral - Faropenem)

v • d • e Antibacterials for systemic use: sulfonamides (sulfa drugs) and trimethoprim (J01E)
Trimethoprim and derivatives	Trimethoprim • Brodimoprim
Short-acting sulfonamides	Sulfaisodimidine • Sulfamethizole • Sulfadimidine • Sulfapyridine • Sulfafurazole • Sulfanilamide • Sulfathiazole • Sulfathiourea
Intermediate-acting sulfonamides	Sulfamethoxazole • Sulfadiazine • Sulfamoxole
Long-acting sulfonamides	Sulfadimethoxine • Sulfalene • Sulfametomidine • Sulfametoxydiazine • Sulfamethoxypyridazine • Sulfaperin • Sulfamerazine • Sulfaphenazole • Sulfamazon
Combinations	Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim
Other	Mafenide • Prontosil • Sulfacetamide • Sulfasalazine • Sulfisoxazole

v • d • e Antibacterials for systemic use: macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins (J01F)
Macrolides	Erythromycin - Spiramycin - Midecamycin - Oleandomycin - Roxithromycin - Josamycin - Troleandomycin - Clarithromycin - Azithromycin - Miocamycin - Rokitamycin - Dirithromycin - Flurithromycin - Telithromycin - Cethromycin
Lincosamides	Clindamycin - Lincomycin
Streptogramins	Pristinamycin - Quinupristin/dalfopristin

v • d • e Antibacterials for systemic use: aminoglycosides (J01G)
-mycin (Streptomyces)	Streptomycin • Neomycin (Framycetin, Paromomycin, Ribostamycin) • Kanamycin (Amikacin, Dibekacin, Tobramycin) • Hygromycin B • Spectinomycin
-micin (Micromonospora)	Gentamicin (Netilmicin, Sisomicin, Isepamicin) • Verdamicin

v • d • e Antibacterials for systemic use: quinolones (J01M)
Fluoroquinolones	Ciprofloxacin • Enoxacin • Fleroxacin‡ • Garenoxacin† • Gatifloxacin • Gemifloxacin • Grepafloxacin‡ • Levofloxacin • Lomefloxacin • Moxifloxacin • Norfloxacin • Ofloxacin • Pefloxacin • Prulifloxacin • Rufloxacin • Sitafloxacin† • Sparfloxacin • Temafloxacin‡ • Trovafloxacin‡
Other quinolones	Cinoxacin • Flumequine • Nalidixic acid • Oxolinic acid • Pipemidic acid • Piromidic acid • Rosoxacin
†Undergoing clinical trials. ‡ Withdrawn from market.

v • d • e Antibacterials for systemic use: others (J01X)
Glycopeptide	Vancomycin (Oritavancin, Telavancin) - Teicoplanin (Dalbavancin)
Polymyxins	Colistin - Polymyxin B
Steroid antibacterials	Fusidic acid
Imidazole derivatives	Metronidazole - Tinidazole - Ornidazole
Nitrofuran derivatives	Nitrofurantoin - Nifurtoinol
Other	-mycin (Fosfomycin, Spectinomycin, Daptomycin, Hitachimycin) Xibornol - Clofoctol - Methenamine - Iclaprim - Mandelic acid - Nitroxoline - Linezolid

v • d • e Agents against amoebiasis and other protozoal diseases (P01A)
Hydroxyquinoline derivatives	Clioquinol - Iodoquinol
Nitroimidazole derivatives	Metronidazole - Tinidazole - Ornidazole - Secnidazole
Other	Atovaquone - Emetine - Fumagillin - Trimetrexate

v • d • e Antiprotozoals: Agents against leishmaniasis and trypanosomiasis (P01C)
Nitroimidazole derivatives	Benznidazole
Antimony compounds	Pentavalent antimonials (Meglumine antimoniate, Sodium stibogluconate)
Nitrofuran derivatives	Nifurtimox
Arsenic compounds	Melarsoprol
Other agents	Pentamidine · Suramin · Eflornithine · Miltefosine

v • d • e Antibacterials for systemic use: aminoglycosides (J01G)
-mycin (Streptomyces)	Streptomycin • Neomycin (Framycetin, Paromomycin, Ribostamycin) • Kanamycin (Amikacin, Dibekacin, Tobramycin) • Hygromycin B • Spectinomycin
-micin (Micromonospora)	Gentamicin (Netilmicin, Sisomicin, Isepamicin) • Verdamicin

v • d • e Antibacterials for systemic use: amphenicols (J01B)
Chloramphenicol - Thiamphenicol - Florfenicol

v • d • e Antidiarrheals, intestinal anti-inflammatory/anti-infective agents (A07)
Intestinal anti-infectives	Antibiotics (Neomycin, Nystatin, Natamycin, Streptomycin, Polymyxin B, Paromomycin, Amphotericin B, Kanamycin, Vancomycin, Colistin, Rifaximin) Sulfonamides (Phthalylsulfathiazole, Sulfaguanidine, Succinylsulfathiazole) other (Miconazole, Broxyquinoline, Acetarsol, Nifuroxazide, Nifurzide)
Intestinal adsorbents	Charcoal - Bismuth - Pectin - Kaolin - Crospovidone - Attapulgite - Diosmectite
Antipropulsives	Diphenoxylate - Opium - Loperamide - Difenoxin
Intestinal anti-inflammatory agents	corticosteroids acting locally (Prednisolone, Hydrocortisone, Prednisone, Betamethasone, Tixocortol, Budesonide, Beclometasone) antiallergic agents, excluding corticosteroids (Cromoglicic acid) aminosalicylic acid and similar agents (Sulfasalazine, Mesalazine, Olsalazine, Balsalazide)
Antidiarrheal micro-organisms	Saccharomyces boulardii
Other antidiarrheals	Albumin tannate - Ceratonia - Racecadotril

v • d • e Antifungals (D01 and J02)
Antibiotics	Griseofulvin • polyene antimycotics (Natamycin, Nystatin)
Topical azoles	imidazoles (Bifonazole, Clomidazole, Clotrimazole, Econazole, Fenticonazole, Ketoconazole, Isoconazole, Miconazole, Oxiconazole, Sertaconazole, Sulconazole, Tioconazole) • triazoles (Fluconazole) • benzimidazole (Thiabendazole)
Other topicals	Ciclopirox • Ethylparaben • Flucytosine • Salicylic acid • Selenium sulfide • Tolnaftate • Undecylenic acid • allylamines (Amorolfine, Butenafine, Naftifine, Terbinafine)
For systemic use	Griseofulvin • allylamine (Terbinafine) • polyene antimycotic (Amphotericin B) • triazoles (Itraconazole, Posaconazole, Voriconazole) • echinocandins (Anidulafungin, Caspofungin, Micafungin)
Other	Tea tree oil • citronella oil • lemon grass • orange oil • patchouli • lemon myrtle

v • d • e Anthelmintics (P02)
Antitrematodals	benzimidazole (Triclabendazole) - quinoline (Praziquantel, Oxamniquine) - Metrifonate
Antinematodals	benzimidazole (Mebendazole, Thiabendazole, Albendazole, Fenbendazole) - Piperazine - Diethylcarbamazine - Levamisole - Ivermectin
Anticestodals (Taeniacide)	Niclosamide

v • d • e Antiprotozoals: Antimalarial drugs (P01B)
Aminoquinolines	4-Aminoquinoline (Amodiaquine, Chloroquine, Hydroxychloroquine) • 8-Aminoquinoline (Pamaquine, Primaquine)
Methanolquinolines	Mefloquine • Quinine
Biguanides	Proguanil • Cycloguanil embolate
Diaminopyridines	Pyrimethamine
Artemisinin derivatives	Artemisinin • Artemether • Artesunate • Artenimol • Arteether/Artemotil
Others	Halofantrine • Lumefantrine

v • d • e Antimycobacterials (J04)
Tuberculosis/ tuberculosis treatment	Aminosalicylic acid (Calcium aminosalicylate, Sodium aminosalicylate) Antibiotics (Amikacin, Capreomycin, Cycloserine, Kanamycin, Rifabutin, Rifampicin, Rifamycin, Rifapentin, Streptomycin) hydrazides (Isoniazid) thiocarbamides (Ethionamide, Protionamide, Tiocarlide) Others (Ethambutol, Morinamide, Pyrazinamide, Terizidone)
Leprosy	Aldesulfone sodium • Clofazimine • Dapsone • Rifampicin

v • d • e Antiseptics and disinfectants (D08)
Acridine derivatives	Ethacridine lactate - Aminoacridine - Euflavine
Biguanides and amidines	Dibrompropamidine - Chlorhexidine - Propamidine - Hexamidine - Polihexanide
Phenol and derivatives	Hexachlorophene - Policresulen - Phenol - Triclosan - Chloroxylenol - Biphenylol
Nitrofuran derivatives	Nitrofurazone
Iodine products	Iodine/octylphenoxypolyglycolether - Povidone-iodine - Diiodohydroxypropane
Quinoline derivatives	Dequalinium - Chlorquinaldol - Oxyquinoline - Clioquinol
Quaternary ammonium compounds	Benzalkonium - Cetrimonium - Cetylpyridinium - Cetrimide - Benzoxonium chloride - Didecyldimethylammonium chloride
Mercurial products	Mercuric amidochloride - Phenylmercuric borate - Mercuric chloride - Mercurochrome - Thiomersal - Mercuric iodide
Silver compounds	Silver nitrate
Others	Hydrogen peroxide - Eosin - Propanol - Tosylchloramide sodium - Isopropanol - Potassium permanganate - Sodium hypochlorite - Ethanol

v • d •