Transient tachypnea of the newborn
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| Transient tachypnea of the newborn Classification and external resources | |
| ICD-10 | P22.1 |
|---|---|
| ICD-9 | 770.6 |
| DiseasesDB | 32373 |
| MedlinePlus | 007233 |
| eMedicine | ped/2597 radio/710 |
Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTNB, or "Transitory tachypnea of newborn") is a respiratory problem seen in the newborn shortly after delivery. It consists of a period of rapid breathing (more than the for newborns normal 40-60 times a minute). It is likely due to retained lung fluid, and common in 35+ week gestation babies who are delivered by caesarian section without labour. Usually, this condition resolves over 24-48 hours. Treatment is supportive and may include supplemental oxygen and antibiotics. The chest X-Ray shows hyperinflation of the lungs including prominent pulmonary vasular markings, flattening of the diaphragm, and fluid in the horizontal fissure.
Pathophysiology
- 1. Due to the higher incidence of TTN in newborns delivered by caesarean section, it has been postulated that TTN could result from a delayed absorption of fetal lung fluid from the pulmonary lymphatic system. The increased fluid in the lungs leads to increased airway resistance and reduced lung compliance.
- 2. Pulmonary immaturity has also been proposed as a causative factor. Levels of phosphatidylglycerol (an indicator of lung maturity) was found to be negative in certain newborns.
- 3. Mild surfactant deficiency has also been suggested as a causative factor.
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Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period (P, 760-779) | |
|---|---|
| Maternal factors and complications | Umbilical cord prolapse - Nuchal cord - Chorioamnionitis |
| Length of gestation and fetal growth | Small for gestational age - Large for gestational age - Premature birth - Postmature birth |
| Birth trauma | Cephalhematoma - Brachial plexus lesion (Erb's palsy, Klumpke paralysis) |
| Respiratory and cardiovascular | Intrauterine hypoxia - Infant respiratory distress syndrome - Transient tachypnea of the newborn - Meconium aspiration syndrome - Pneumomediastinum - Wilson-Mikity syndrome - Bronchopulmonary dysplasia |
| Haemorrhagic and haematological | Hemorrhagic disease of newborn - Hemolytic disease of the newborn - Rh disease - Hydrops fetalis - Kernicterus - Neonatal jaundice |
| Digestive system | Ileus - Necrotizing enterocolitis |
| Integument and temperature regulation | Erythema toxicum |
| Other disorders | Periventricular leukomalacia - Congenital hypertonia - Congenital hypotonia - Congenital rubella syndrome |
