Yaws
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| Yaws Classification and external resources | |
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| Nodules on the elbow resulting from a Treponema pertenue bacterial infection. | |
| ICD-10 | A66. |
| ICD-9 | 102 |
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Ongoing Trials on Yaws at Clinical Trials.gov Clinical Trials on Yaws at Google
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US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Yaws
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Directions to Hospitals Treating Yaws Risk calculators and risk factors for Yaws
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Yaws (also Pétasse tropica, thymosis, polypapilloma tropicum or pian) is a tropical infection of the skin, bones and joints caused by the spirochete bacterium Treponema pertenue. Other treponematosis diseases are bejel (Treponema endemicum), pinta (Treponema carateum), syphilis (Treponema pallidum), and Lyme Disease (Borrelia burgdorferi)
Epidemiology
The disease is transmitted by skin contact with infected individuals or eye gnats, the spirochete entering through an existing cut or similar damage. Within ninety days (but usually less than a month) of infection a painless but distinctive 'mother yaw' ulcer appears. These tracts heal with keloid formation which can cause deformities, disabilities and limb contractures. The bone lesions caused are periostitis, osteitis, and osteomyelitis, damage to the tibia can lead to a condition known as sabre shins. In a very few cases a condition known as goundou is caused where growths on the nasal maxillae can result in extensive and severe damage to the nose and palate.
The largest group afflicted by yaws are children aged 6 to 10 years in tropical areas of the Americas, Africa, Asia or Oceania. There were World Health Organization funded campaigns against yaws from 1954 to 1963 which greatly reduced the incidence of the disease, although more recently numbers have risen again.
The disease is identified from blood tests or by a lesion sample through a darkfield examination under a microscope. Treatment is by a single dose of penicillin, erythromycin or tetracycline, recurrence or relapse is uncommon.
Examination of ancient remains has led to the suggestion that yaws has affected hominids for the last 1.5 million years. The current name is believed to be of Carib origin, "yaya" meaning sore; frambesia is a Modern Latin word inspired by the French word Pétasse ("raspberry").
Occurrence
Yaws was nearly eradicated by a worldwide treatment program in the 1950s, which reduced the number of sufferers of yaws from an estimated 50 million to nearly zero. However, the World Health Organization reported in January 2007 that yaws is on the rise again, with roughly a half a million sufferers, mostly in poor, rural areas.[1]
References
- McNeill, Katie H. "Plagues and People." Bantam Doubleday Dell Publishing Group, Inc., New York, NY, 1976, ISBN 0-385-12122-9.
WikiDoc Research Resources for Yaws | |
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| Articles on Yaws | Most recent articles on Yaws • Most cited articles on Yaws • Review articles on Yaws • Articles on Yaws in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ |
| Media (Slides, Video, Images, MP3) on Yaws | Powerpoint slides on Yaws • Images of Yaws • Photos of Yaws • Podcasts & MP3s on Yaws • Videos on Yaws |
| Evidence Based Medicine Regarding Yaws | Cochrane Collaboration on Yaws • Bandolier on Yaws • TRIP on Yaws |
| Cost Effectiveness of Yaws | Cost Effectiveness of Yaws |
| Clinical Trials Involving Yaws | Ongoing Trials on Yaws at Clinical Trials.gov • Trial results on Yaws • Clinical Trials on Yaws at Google |
| Guidelines / Policies / Government Resources (FDA/CDC) Regarding Yaws | US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Yaws • NICE Guidance on Yaws • NHS PRODIGY Guidance • FDA on Yaws • CDC on Yaws |
| Textbook Information on Yaws | Books and Textbook Information on Yaws |
| Pharmacology Resources on Yaws | Dosing of Yaws • Drug interactions with Yaws • Side effects of Yaws • Allergic reactions to Yaws • Overdose information on Yaws • Carcinogenicity information on Yaws • Yaws in pregnancy • Pharmacokinetics of Yaws • |
| Genetics, Pharmacogenomics, and Proteinomics of Yaws | Genetics of Yaws • Pharmacogenomics of Yaws • Proteomics of Yaws |
| Newstories on Yaws | Yaws in the news • Be alerted to news on Yaws • News trends on Yaws |
| Commentary on Yaws | Blogs on Yaws |
| Patient Resources on Yaws | Patient resources on Yaws • Discussion groups on Yaws • Patient Handouts on Yaws • Directions to Hospitals Treating Yaws • Risk calculators and risk factors for Yaws |
| Healthcare Provider Resources on Yaws | Symptoms of Yaws • Causes & Risk Factors for Yaws • Diagnostic studies for Yaws • Treatment of Yaws |
| Continuing Medical Education (CME) Programs on Yaws | CME Programs on Yaws |
| International Resources on Yaws | Yaws en Espanol • Yaws en Francais |
| Business Resources on Yaws | Yaws in the Marketplace • Patents on Yaws |
| Informatics Resources on Yaws | List of terms related to Yaws |
de:Frambösie fr:Pian (médecine) it:Framboesia nl:Framboesia sv:Framboesi
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Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
