Zinc pyrithione
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| Zinc pyrithione | |
|---|---|
| Image:Zinc pyrithione.png | |
| IUPAC name | bis(2-pyridylthio)zinc 1,1'-dioxide, zinc OMADINE |
| Other names | ZnP, pyrithione zinc |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | |
| PubChem | |
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C10H8N2O2S2Zn |
| Molar mass | 317.70 g/mol |
| Appearance | colourless solid |
| Boiling point |
decomp. |
| Solubility in water | 8 ppm (pH 7) |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references | |
Zinc pyrithione is chemical compound used as an antifungal and antibacterial agent. This coordination complex, which has many names, was first reported in the 1930s.[1][1] It features two pyridine-derived chelating ligands bound to zinc via oxygen and sulfur atoms.
Uses
Medical
Zinc pyrithione is best known for its use in treating dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis. It also has antibacterial properties and is effective against many pathogens from the streptococcus and staphylococcus class. Its other medical applications include treatments of psoriasis, eczema, ringworm, fungus, athletes foot, dry skin, atypical dermatitis, tinea, and vitiligo.
Zinc pyrithione is approved for over-the-counter topical use in the United States as a treatment for dandruff. It is the active ingredient in several anti-dandruff shampoos such as Head & Shoulders. However, in its industrial forms and strengths, it may be harmful by contact or ingestion.
In paint
Due to its low solubility in water (8 ppm at neutral pH), zinc pyrithione is suitable for use in outdoor paints and other products that provide protection against mildew and algae. It is an effective algaecide. It is chemically incompatible with paints relying on metal carboxylate curing agents. When used in latex paints and the water contains high amount of iron, a sequestering agent that will preferentially bind the iron ions is needed. Its decomposition by ultraviolet light is slow, providing years of protection even against direct sunlight.
Mechanism
Its antifungal effect most likely lies in the ability of an un-ionized pyrithione molecule to disrupt membrane transport by blocking the proton pump that energizes the transport mechanism.[1] Fungi are capable of inactivating pyrithione in low concentrations.
References
External links
Other dermatological preparations (D11) | |
|---|---|
| Medicated shampoos | Cetrimide - Cadmium compounds - Selenium compounds - Povidone-iodine - Sulfur compounds - Xenysalate |
| Other dermatologicals | seborrhoeic dermatitis/dandruff (Lithium succinate, Pyrithione zinc) - skin whitening/depigmenting (Hydroquinone, Mequinol, Monobenzone) - anti-inflammatory/Immunomodulators (Oxaceprol, Gamolenic acid), Pimecrolimus, Tacrolimus) - baldness treatments (Finasteride, Minoxidil) - hair growth inhibiting agent (Eflornithine) - other (Calcium gluconate, Magnesium sulfate, Tiratricol) |
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
